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No full textContext. Constraining the mass-sheet degeneracy (MSD) is crucial for improving the precision and accuracy of time-delay cosmography. Joint analyses based on lensing and stellar kinematics have been widely adopted to break the MSD. A three-dimensional (3D) mass and stellar tracer population is required to accurately interpret the kinematics data.
Aims. Our forward-modeling procedure is aimed at evaluating the projection effects using strong lensing and kinematics observables and to determine an optimal model assumption for the stellar kinematics analysis leading to an unbiased interpretation of the MSD and H0.
Methods. We numerically simulated the projection and selection effects for both a triaxial early-type galaxy (ETG) sample from the TNG100 simulation and an axisymmetric sample that matches the properties of slow-rotator galaxies representative of the strong lens galaxy population. Using the axisymmetric sample, we generated mock kinematics observables with spherically aligned axisymmetric Jeans anisotropic modeling (JAM) and assessed the kinematic recovery under different model assumptions. Using the triaxial sample, we quantified the random uncertainty introduced by modeling triaxial galaxies with axisymmetric JAM.
Results. We show that spherical JAM analysis of spatially unresolved kinematic data introduces a bias of up to 2–4% (depending on the intrinsic shape of the lens) in the inferred MSD. Our model largely corrects this bias, resulting in a residual random uncertainty in the range of 0–2.2% in the stellar velocity dispersion (0–4.4% in H0), depending on the projected ellipticity and the anisotropy of the stellar orbits. This residual uncertainty can be further mitigated by the use of spatially resolved kinematic data, which constrain the intrinsic axis ratio. We also show that the random uncertainty in the kinematics recovery using axisymmetric JAM for axisymmetric galaxies is at the level of 0.24% in the velocity dispersion, and the uncertainty using axisymmetric JAM for triaxial galaxies is at the level of 0.17% in the velocity dispersion
Essential Oils of Medicinal Plants: A Bibliometric Analysis
No full textResearch on essential oils is expanding rapidly worldwide, driven by their potential applications in health, agri-food, and sustainable agriculture. This study presents a systematic bibliometric analysis of 13,469 publications (Scopus, 2014-2024) to map scientific output, key players, and thematic trends in this field. The results reveal an average annual growth of 13.2%, driven by Brazil, China, Italy, Iran, and India. Five main research areas are identified: antimicrobial activity and food preservation, chemical characterization, pharmacological effects, in vivo studies, and extraction and formulation technologies. International collaboration, although structured in regional networks, is dynamic. This analysis highlights the maturity of a field of research that is now oriented towards integrated and sustainable applications
Effect of the coupling guide cross section on transmission and reflection mechanisms in a ramified acoustic system: Theoretical analysis and COMSOL validation
No full textIn this study, we examine the propagation of acoustic waves in a multichannel waveguide system composed of an input waveguide with a cross section S0 that corresponds to SRef and three output channels with cross sections S1, S2, and S3 connected by a central coupling waveguide of length dc and a cross section Sc. The study focuses on analyzing the transmission and reflection rates as a function of the cross-section Sc of the central guide. The theoretical results are validated through numerical simulations performed using COMSOL Multiphysics, showing excellent agreement between the analytical predictions and the simulation results. A very good agreement is obtained between theory and numerical simulations, confirming the accuracy of the proposed model. The results demonstrate the ability to control and adjust acoustic transmission paths by modifying the geometric parameters of the ramified system
A review on oily wastewater: Impact, characterization, and treatment methods
No full textThe rapid expansion of industries leads to an increase in the nuisance to living beings and the environment, particularly through the rise in the discharge of toxic liquid residues. The management of oily wastewater constitutes an environmental problem due to its diverse constitution and low biodegradability, which affects ecosystems and human health. Accurate characterization of these effluents is fundamental to adapting treatment methods. Advanced techniques, such as membrane separation, adsorption, coagulation-flocculation, and advanced oxidation, as well as biological treatment, such as activated sludge processes, sequential biological reactor (SBR), and other biological systems, have been implemented to degrade oily wastewater pollution effectively; moreover, combined treatment is also considered a sustainable and efficient approach due to their large capacity to eliminate a variety of pollutants simultaneously and this technique of coupling between two processes such as flotation combined with coagulation-flocculation remains the most suitable for treating this type of effluent with very significant removal results. This study examines the different methods of controlling oily water, its environmental impacts, and the treatment techniques used. It analyses the research evaluated by experts between 2017 and 2024 on treating wastewater containing oils and fats
Salinization and Hydrochemical Dynamics in Coastal Aquifers: A Combined Literature and Scientometric Analysis of the Ghiss-Nekkour Basin
No full textGroundwater salinity poses a major threat to water security, particularly in arid and semi-arid coastal regions. This study presents a scientometric analysis of research on groundwater salinization and sustainable water resource management in Morocco, with a focus on the Ghiss-Nekkour plain (Al-Hoceima) over the period 2010–2025. The results reveal a sustained growth of scientific output, highlighting Morocco’s leading role in the Mediterranean region, supported by strong international collaborations and increasing specialization in hydrochemical, isotopic, and numerical modeling approaches. Research themes have evolved from descriptive hydrochemical studies to integrated frameworks addressing sustainability, governance, and climate change adaptation. The Ghiss-Nekkour plain exemplifies the challenges of coastal aquifer management, including seawater intrusion, anthropogenic pressure, and recharge deficit. The study emphasizes the need to enhance international visibility, diversify methodological approaches, and develop regional meta-analyses to build integrated hydrochemical models. Establishing national observatories, promoting open science, and strengthening South-South cooperation are recommended to support predictive and sustainable groundwater management. Overall, this work positions the Ghiss-Nekkour plain as a strategic laboratory linking science, governance, and climate resilience, providing a foundation for informed public policy and integrated water resource planning
Experience-Weighted Cognitive Complexity Metric for Software Understandability: A Cognitive-Informatics Perspective
No full textSoftware systems are becoming increasingly complex as they evolve to meet the growing demands of modern industries. Traditional complexity metrics such as McCabe's Cyclomatic Complexity and Halstead's metrics fail to adequately capture the human cognitive dimension of software comprehension. This paper introduces an Experience-Weighted Cognitive Complexity Metric (EWCCM) based on Cognitive Informatics principles to quantify software understandability through both structural and human-centric parameters. The model extends existing cognitive complexity formulations by integrating an experience factor (Fe) that accounts for programmers' familiarity with programming languages, control structures, and paradigms. Empirical validation using survey data from 100 developers across academia and industry revealed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.97) between programming experience and code comprehension efficiency. The study's findings demonstrate that integrating human experience enhances the accuracy of software quality predictions, particularly for maintainability and readability assessment. The proposed EWCCM advances software engineering measurement theory and supports the development of human-aware tools for code review, education, and automated software analytics
Systematics of the chemical freeze-out line in the high baryon density regime explored at SIS100
No full textThe systematic uncertainties of chemical freeze-out fits at SIS100 energies (Au+Au reactions at GeV) are studied using UrQMD simulations. Although hadron production in UrQMD does not occur on a sharp chemical freeze-out hyper-surface, the extracted fit quality is shown to be very good. The extracted chemical parameters depend on the selected hadron species as well as the underlying equation of state (EoS) of the matter. Including light nuclei and anti-protons in the fit increases the expected freeze-out temperature, while a stiffer EoS increases the obtained chemical potential. Similarly, the baryon densities extracted by the thermal fits depend on the choice of hadrons as well as the underlying equation of state. These results are important for the upcoming CBM@FAIR physics program and highlight that a degree of caution is advised when one relates the chemical freeze-out curve to features on the QCD phase diagram like the critical endpoint or a possible phase transition
Petzy: AI-powered interactive pet companion
No full textExisting literature on virtual agents shows strong progress in conversational AI but still lacks emotionally responsive, multilingual, and context-adaptive systems capable of sustaining long-term engagement across varied domains. Most current models remain text-centric and do not support real-time emotional reciprocation or cross-commodity use. To address this gap, the study presents Petzy, a 3D AI-powered virtual pet designed for friendly, low-pressure interaction. Its dual-zone behaviour design—Fun Zone and Intellectual Zone—supports emotional computing and adaptive engagement. Petzy identifies user emotions through speech and language analysis and responds using a multilingual intelligent chatbot paired with dynamic behavioral traits such as affection, vitality, thirst, and happiness. The system is built using React JS, Three JS, Blender for 3D modelling, Firebase for secure cloud storage, and FastAPI for backend routing, with Groq API and Ollama enabling high-performance LLM inference and multilingual speech detection. Experimental trials assessed latency, emotional accuracy, adaptive learning, and engagement. Results show Petzy delivers low response times, stable emotional feedback, and high user participation while functioning as both an emotionally aware companion and a domain-specific simulator for training and learning contexts
Antagonisme de la kinase pro-oncogénique PAK1 et du suppresseur de tumeur NF2/Merlin dans la formation de la myéline par les oligodendrocytes
No full textA pilot study of the impact of enhanced cardiac index coupled with pulsatile flow on goal direct perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass
No full textA pilot study of the impact of enhanced cardiac index coupled with pulsatile flow on goal direct perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass.
Introduction
Providing sufficient organ perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a common research topic among extracorporeal technology researchers. CPB flow in the Cardiac Index (CI) calculation formula has a direct role in determining organ perfusion and oxygen delivery (DO2). The aim of this study is to evaluate organ perfusion with increased CI along with the use of pulsatile flow on cardiopulmonary bypass.
Material and methods
In this pilot study, thirty patients who were scheduled for on-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery with an estimated long CPB time were enrolled. Patients were randomly divided into two study groups. Patients in the control group were managed with a CI of 2.4 L/min/m2, while patients in the study group received a CI equal to 2.6 to 3 L/min/m2 with pulsatile flow (PF) throughout the bypass run. Lactate fluctuations, creatinine variation, inotrope needs, blood transfusion requirements, ICU and hospital length of stay were assessed and noted.
Results
Participants in the study group exhibited lower creatinine levels throughout the assessment period; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance (P>0.05). Participants in the study group consistently exhibited significantly lower lactate concentrations over the course of the investigation (P0.05).
Conclusion
This prospective study concludes that an increased CI in conjunction with PF during CPB can markedly enhance organ perfusion, as evidenced by a statistically significant reduction in lactate production observed throughout the duration of the bypass.
Key words: cardiac index, pulsatile flow, cardiopulmonary bypass, organ perfusio