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Integrating Indigenous Knowledge of Papuan in Biology Education: Teaching Conservation of The Numfor Paradise Kingfisher
No full textThis study developed conservation teaching materials integrating indigenous knowledge using the Numfor Paradise Kingfisher (Tanysiptera carolinae) as a contextual model. The study applied a research and development approach based on the ADDIE model and involved 24 students from the Biology Education Department of Papua University. Data were collected through expert validation, classroom implementation in the New Guinea Biota Conservation course, interviews, student questionnaires, pre-test and post-test assessments. The developed materials achieved high validity (88,68%) and excellent practicality (93,22%). Effectiveness testing showed a significant improvement in students' conservation literacy, indicated by a high N-gain score (0,84) and a significant difference between pre-test and post-test results (p = 0,001). The results demonstrate that integrating indigenous knowledge of Papuan into New Guinea Biota Conservation learning materials effectively enhances students' conservation literacy. This study provides an applicable instructional model for culturally contextualized biodiversity education and supports the development of sustainable conservation learning in biodiversity-rich regions
Assessing Adaptive Capacity and Sustainable Livelihoods for Climate Resilience in Margorukun Village, West Papua
No full textClimate change poses increasing challenges to rural communities, including Margorukun Village in West Papua, where local livelihoods are highly dependent on natural resources. Strengthening community adaptive capacity is therefore essential for enhancing resilience to climate-related impacts. This study aims to assess sustainable livelihood assets and evaluate the community's adaptive capacity to climate change. Data were collected from 58 households (10% of the village population) using a mixed-methods approach combining household surveys, semi-structured interviews, and policy review. Sustainable livelihood assets were analysed using Likert-scale scoring, while adaptive capacity was assessed using the Adaptive Capacity Wheel (ACW) framework. The results indicate that natural capital was the strongest asset (67.38%), supported by land availability for farming, aquaculture, and livestock, whereas financial capital was the weakest (30.86%) due to subsistence-based livelihoods and limited access to financial services. Adaptive capacity varied across six dimensions, with variety scoring highest, reflecting diverse livelihood strategies, and fair governance scoring lowest, indicating unequal participation in decision-making. These findings highlight the importance of leveraging strong natural and social assets while addressing financial and institutional constraints to enhance community resilience to climate change
The Application of Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Genetic and Population Dynamics of Coffee Pollinators: A Comprehensive Global Insights
No full textCoffee is a globally important agricultural commodity whose productivity and long-term sustainability are highly dependent on insect pollinators, particularly bees, which play a crucial role in pollination efficiency, genetic diversity, and yield stability. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) offer promising tools for predicting pollinator genetic patterns and population dynamics; however, existing research in this area remains fragmented across multiple disciplines. This study employed a systematic bibliometric approach to examine global research trends in AI applications for predicting the genetics and population dynamics of coffee pollinators, based on an analysis of 172 Scopus-indexed publications published between 2003 and 2023. Descriptive statistics and network visualization techniques, including co-authorship, co-citation, keyword co-occurrence, and density analyses, were conducted using the VOSviewer to identify collaboration patterns and underlying thematic structures. The results revealed a marked increase in research output after 2015, reflecting growing interdisciplinary integration among artificial intelligence, ecology, and agricultural sciences. Research activity was predominantly concentrated in countries with strong AI capabilities and research infrastructures, while major coffee-producing countries such as Indonesia demonstrated moderate but steadily increasing contributions. Thematic analyses further indicated that studies on coffee pollinators are largely embedded within broader AI-driven agriculture, genomics, and environmental research frameworks suggesting that this field represents an emerging research domain that remains underdeveloped in terms of focused empirical investigation. Overall, this review underscores the considerable potential of AI-based approaches to advance coffee pollinator management and highlights the need for more targeted, interdisciplinary research to support sustainable coffee production
Number of Species and Fish Catch Yield in Kaimana Waters, West Papua Based on 2024 Commercial Fisheries Data
No full textThis study aimed to assess species composition and catch dynamics within the diverse fishing grounds of Kaimana waters, including riverine, estuarine, coastal, and marine ecosystems. The research utilized secondary data consisting of a comprehensive one-year catch recapitulation (2024) from fishing company PT. Industri Perikanan Namatota (IPN). Methodologically, the study employed dominance analysis to identify primary species and monthly fluctuation analysis to evaluate temporal harvest patterns. The results identified 36 commercial fish species with a cumulative annual catch of 3,079,412.90 kg. Dominance analysis revealed six species with yields exceeding 70,000 kg, led significantly by the short mackerel (Rastrelliger brachysoma) at 2,415,706.5 kg, accounting for 78% of the total volume. Other major species included sea catfish (Arius sp.), threadfin (Polydactylus sp.), croaker (Johnius borneensis), true snapper (Lutjanus sp.), and mangrove snapper (Lutjanus argentimaculatus). The monthly fluctuation analysis indicated peak productivity from January to March and October to December. Management implications suggest that the high concentration of catch on a single dominant species (Rastrelliger brachysoma) requires targeted monitoring to prevent localized overfishing. The high productivity of Kaimana fisheries can be further optimized through strategic seasonal harvest controls, securing both ecosystem balance and resource sustainability for future generations
Analysis of the Predator-Prey Model for False Whitehead (
No full textFalse whitehead (Cnaphalocrosis medinalis) infestation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the main factors that cause a decline in agricultural productivity. This research aims to build and analyze a predator-prey mathematical model that describes the interaction between rice as prey and the false white grub as a predator, considering the Holling Type II response function and constant harvesting strategy on the prey. The model is constructed in the form of a system of differential equations, which are then nondimensionalized to simplify the analysis process. Next, a stability analysis was conducted on the equilibrium points with and without harvesting. The results showed that in the model without harvesting, there were two stable equilibrium points that allowed for coexistence between the two species. In the model with harvesting at certain intervals, a stable positive equilibrium point was obtained. This finding is supported by numerical simulations showing that the dynamics of the system depend on the values of the biological parameters and harvesting rate. The conclusion of this study is that controlled harvesting strategies can maintain a population balance between rice and pests and provide a theoretical basis for sustainable agricultural management based on a mathematical approach
Multi-Hazard Risk Hotspots: A Spatial Analysis for Enhancing Tourism Sustainable-Resilience in Labuan Bajo, Manggarai Barat Regency, Indonesia
No full textLabuan Bajo, a popular tourism destination in Manggarai Barat Regency, Indonesia, faces escalating multi-hazard risks driven by rapid development, land-use change, and climate variability. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive spatial multi-hazard risk assessment encompassing seven hazards: tsunami, earthquake, landslide, flood, extreme weather, drought, and forest/land fire. Following Indonesia's national disaster risk analysis standard (SNI), we integrated hazard, vulnerability, and capacity data within a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) framework. The analysis uniformly classifies the entire region as "high risk," with the highest risk concentrations in coastal zones, tourism infrastructure, and residential corridors. These results highlight the urgent necessity for a cohesive resilience strategy, encompassing multi-hazard-informed spatial planning, improved early warning systems, nature-based solutions, and focused contingency planning. This study provides a scientific basis for policymakers and tourism stakeholders to advance for developing sustainable resilience tourism
The
No full textWe present measurements of key protoplanetary disk properties inferred from parametric models of ALMA 12CO spectral line visibilities. We derived gas-disk radii, integrated fluxes, optically thick emission layers, and brightness temperature profiles for the disk population of the old (4–14 Myr) Upper Scorpius star-forming region. We measured CO emission sizes for 37 disks with bright CO J = 3–2 emission (S/N > 10 on the integrated flux; out of the 83 disks with CO detections), finding that the median radius containing 90% of the flux is ∼82 au, with radii spanning from 22 up to 247 au. We report a correlation between the 12CO brightness temperatures and stellar luminosities, with a Pearson coefficient of 0.6, which we used to prove that the 12CO optically thick emission layer primarily emanates from a region below the superheated dust, which is optically thin to the stellar irradiation. Moreover, we derive 33 CO emission-surface height profiles, finding a median aspect ratio of ⟨z/r⟩ ∼ 0.16 in a range from ∼0.01 up to ∼0.45 over the sample. Finally, we comment on the multiple systems in our sample, of which only some were already known. These results confirm that it is possible to derive bulk disk properties by modeling moderate-angular-resolution ALMA visibilities
A bi-objective inventory optimization in forward and reverse logistic supply chains with shortages
No full textNowadays, remanufacturing is a sustainable and cost-effective process that restores used products or components to their original performance standards, often making them as good as new. This article focuses on the process of remanufacturing used products, emphasizing their restoration to the original functionality and performance standards and finding a cost-effective solution. It considers various aspects of the remanufacturing process, including collection, inspection, repair, and reassembly, while highlighting the environmental benefits associated with this sustainable practice. We have presented a detailed analysis of all cost components and carbon emissions associated with each process in the system, including costs incurred at the primary manufacturer, primary retailer, collection centre, and other relevant stages. The main aim of this article is to optimize total system cost and carbon emissions associated to each process. To get the model optimum, we have solved the bi-objective problem by NSGA II, which ensures an optimal balance between the two objectives. The major novelties of this work include imperfect screening, quadratic demand, and unequal shipment. For model validation, a numerical example has been analyzed on the basis of a case study, which results in a set of Pareto optimal solutions for the problem. A sensitivity analysis has been presented to evaluate the impact of varying parameters on the outcomes. The findings of this study reveal that it is possible to achieve up to 65.21% reduction in costs through the proposed approach
The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS)
No full textContext. CO gas is detected in a significant number (~20) of debris discs (exoKuiper belts), but understanding its origin and evolution remains elusive. Crucial pieces of evidence are its mass and spectro-spatial distribution, which are coupled through optical depth and have only been analysed at low to moderate resolution so far. The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) is the first ALMA large program to target debris discs at high spectro-spatial resolution.
Aims. We used 12CO and 13CO J=3-2 line data of 18 debris belts observed by ARKS, 5 of which were already known to be gas-bearing, in order to analyse the spectro-spatial distribution of CO and constrain the gas mass in discs that were known to host gas previously, and to search for gas in the remaining 13 discs without previous CO detections.
Methods. We developed a line-imaging pipeline for ARKS CO data with a high spectro-spatial resolution. Using this tool, we produced line cubes for each of the ARKS targets, with a spatial resolution down to about 70 mas and a spectral resolution of 26 m s−1. We used spectro-spatial shifting and stacking techniques to produce a gallery of maps with the highest possible signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and with radial and spectral profiles that reveal the distribution and kinematics of gas in five gas-bearing discs at unprecedented detail.
Results. For each of the five gas-bearing discs (HD 9672/49 Ceti, HD 32297, HD 121617, HD 131488, and HD 131835), we constrained the inner radius of the 12CO (rmin ~ 3-68 au), and we found that the radial brightness profile of CO peaked interior to the dust ring, but that CO was also more radially extended than the dust. In a second-generation scenario, this would require significant shielding of CO that would allow it to viscously spread to the observed widths. We present the first radially resolved 12CO/13CO isotopologue flux ratios in five gas-bearing debris discs and found them to be constant with radius for the majority (four out of five) of systems. This indicates that 12CO and 13CO are both optically thick or optically thin throughout the discs. We report CO line fluxes or upper limits for all systems and optical depth dependant masses for the five systems with detected CO. Finally, we analysed the 12CO J=3-2 line luminosities for a range of ARKS debris discs and for debris discs from the literature. We confirm that gas is mostly detected in young systems. However, the high scatter seen in young/high fractional luminosity systems indicates no trend within the systems with detected gas. This could be caused by different system properties and/or evolution pathways
J-PLUS: Turning off the bright stars
No full textContext. Photometric surveys require precise point spread function (PSF) characterization, as the PSF varies across filters and plays a crucial role in achieving accurate photometry, particularly in low surface brightness (LSB) studies. Such studies include the analysis of faint and extended structures like galaxy halos, tidal features, diffuse circumgalactic emission, and intracluster light. However, the small PSF models produced by default data-reduction pipelines are optimized mainly for compact or barely resolved sources, which makes it challenging to analyze regions near bright stars, often rendering those areas unusable.
Aims. We aim to demonstrate the feasibility of subtracting the extended PSF from each J-PLUS DR3 exposure prior to sky subtraction, an approach that has not yet been explored in wide surveys, and enable a comprehensive analysis of its behavior across detector position and time.
Methods. To build an extended non-parametric PSF, we selected three different ranges of stars to create the central, middle, and outer regions in exposures within ~2.5 hours of the target. These components were then combined to generate a final PSF for each exposure and filter, spanning 15 mag arcsec−2 in surface brightness and 4 arcmin in radius in the broad bands.
Results. In narrowband filters, the J-PLUS PSF exhibits two rings, whereas in broadband filters, only one ring is observed. Additionally, the position of the ring shifts with the filter wavelength in the following manner: as the filters become redder, the ring radius increases. We find that the precision of sky subtraction can be greatly improved with a PSF-subracted image, and out to a radius of 4 arcmin, there is no significant variation in the extended PSF observed as a function of time or position in the field of view. The radial profile of NGC 4212 (which is close to a star) is also studied before and after PSF subtraction as a demonstration of the effect. We developed a novel method to determine the central coordinates of saturated stars, and we classified stars without using Gaia magnitudes. Additionally, mirror reflections were automatically detected and masked. Furthermore, in combining different stars and various components of the PSF, we avoided the use of a fixed radius by introducing a new method that does not depend on radial measurements.
Conclusions. Accurate characterization of the extended PSF and its subtraction improves sky subtraction, increases the effective area of the survey by about 10%, and enables the study of extended large LSB features in wide area surveys such as J-PLUS. Our pipeline is published as free software (GNU GPLv3), and it can be customized to suit other surveys such as J-PAS, where its impact will be even greater due to its depth. This paper is fully reproducible and produced from Commit 21523b