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Land Valuation, Policy Literacy, and Livelihoods in Peri-Urban Poultry Systems: Evidence from Indonesia
No full textRapid urban encroachment is compressing Indonesia's peri-urban farmland, raising uncertainty over siting, buffers, and rights an urgent threat to small and medium poultry producers and affordable protein access. We test whether producer perceptions of land valuation and their policy literacy jointly explain livelihood improvement in a peri-urban corridor of Malang Regency (East Java). A cross-sectional survey of 207 broiler producers was analyzed using PLS-SEM (SmartPLS) with three reflective constructs: land valuation, policy literacy, and livelihood improvement. The model explains 64.0% of variance in policy literacy and 53.3% in livelihood improvement. Land valuation is strongly and positively associated with policy literacy (β=0.800, p<0.001) and significantly associated with livelihood improvement (β = 0.302, p = 0.019). The policy literacy-livelihood path is positive but not statistically significant (β = 0.242, p = 0.065), yielding a non-significant indirect effect (β = 0.193, p = 0.067). Findings indicate that credible land signals value, transferability, and rights clarity primarily drive livelihood gains under peri-urban pressure, while policy literacy is presently complementary. Practical implications-prioritize transparent, locally legible land-valuation and rights services, and pair policy-literacy training with resource-enabling instruments (eco-financed biosecurity, streamlined permits) to convert knowledge into action and stabilize protein supply
Multivariate Analyses of Physiological Traits and Thermal Response in Bali Cattle
No full textBali cattle are native to Indonesia and are highly adaptable to tropical environments. However, fluctuations in temperature and humidity can affect their physiological responses. This study aims to identify the main physiological traits that contribute to the adaptation of Bali cattle to hot tropical conditions in East Kalimantan. A total of sixty-three Bali cattle, including males, non-pregnant females, and pregnant females, were intensively raised and used in this study. Data were analysed using a descriptive approach, correlation test, one way Analyses of Variance (ANOVA), Least Significant Difference (LSD) test, and Principal Component Analyses (PCA). The parameters observed included body surface temperature at various anatomical sites, respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), and rectal temperature. Descriptive analyses showed that respiratory rate had the highest coefficient of variation (CV = 26.15%), indicating high sensitivity to changes in temperature and humidity, while rectal temperature was the most stable (CV = 1.58%). The LSD test showed that bulls had the highest RR and HR values (p < 0.05; p < 0.001), while pregnant cows showed greater inter-individual physiological variation. Correlations between parameters showed a strong relationship between surface temperature and respiratory rate, but a weak relationship between body temperature and respiratory rate (r < 0.2). PCA analyses could identify two principal components explaining 55.2% of the total variation. PC1 represents the external body temperature component, while PC2 represents the internal physiological response (RR, HR). These results indicate that a combination of physiological factors and reproductive status influences Bali cattle adaptation to heat stress. These results provide a basis for developing precision selection strategies and environmental management in local cattle farming systems
Biofilmed Biofertilizer and Potassium Ferilizer in Reducing Basal Rot Severity and Increasing Garlic Yield on Andisol Soil
No full textGarlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important horticultural crop cultivated in Indonesia, domestic production remains insufficient to meet increasing demand. One major constraint in garlic cultivation is basal rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, which significantly reduces yield and bulb quality. Environmentally friendly management practices, such as biofilmed biofertilizer (BiO2) and balanced potassium fertilization, offer potential solutions to suppress disease intensity while enhancing plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the balance of BiO2 and potassium fertilizer in controlling basal rot and increasing garlic yield on Andisol soil in Tawangmangu. The experiment was conducted from May to September 2024 using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four treatments: P0 (100% K (Without BiO2)); P1 (0% K + BiO2); P2 (50% K + BiO2), and P3 (100% K + BiO2), each replicated six times. Data on plant growth, disease intensity, and yield components were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. The results demonstrated that BiO2 increased K effectiveness on garlic planted in Andisol soils. The combination of 50% K+ BiO2 was most effective in reducing basal rot severity, improving growth, and yield of garlic
A Twitter-Based Big-Data Study of Stunting Related to Food Safety Incidents
No full textStunting, a consequence of chronic malnutrition, is a significant public health issue in Indonesia. Foodborne illnesses such as food poisoning can contribute to poor nutrition, particularly in young children. While the government has implemented policies to ensure food safety, reports on incidents remain limited and fragmented. Twitter offers a potential source of real-time public health data. However, existing studies have focused on short-term datasets and rarely explored food safety incidents in relation to stunting. This research presents Twitter data on food safety incidents related to stunting and provides recommendations. Tweets related to food safety and stunting were collected using Twitter API v2 and analyzed to identify trends, events, and public concerns. Malnutrition was frequently mentioned as a key contributor to stunting. Tweets reported incidents of food poisoning affecting toddlers, especially during public events such as immunization. Some users promoted traditional remedies to treat diarrhea, raising concerns about misinformation. These findings indicate the need for public education and government involvement to promote evidence-based information. A centralized database of foodborne illnesses is suggested to improve prevention efforts. Collaborative efforts involving government and non-governmental organizations are recommended to improve awareness, counter misinformation, and strengthen reporting systems
Effect of lighting on heart rate performance of Eel (
No full textEels (Anguilla bicolor) are catadromous fish with a complex life cycle, in which the elver stage represents a critical transitional phase from marine to freshwater environments. Environmental factors such as light significantly influence eel physiology, migratory behavior, and metabolic activity. This study evaluated the effects of different light spectra on the cardiac performance of elver-stage eels using a non-invasive electrocardiogram (ECG) technique. The experiment was conducted at the Fish Behavior Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, from January to May 2024. Three lighting treatments were applied: blue light (~450 nm), full-spectrum white light, and a control condition without additional lighting. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed with three replicates per treatment. Results indicated that white light significantly increased heart rate (69.6 ± 0.92 bpm) compared to blue light (46.6 ± 0.90 bpm) and control conditions (48.6–51.2 bpm) (P < 0.05), suggesting a heightened stress response under white light exposure. In contrast, blue light maintained more stable cardiac activity, indicating reduced physiological stress. These findings are relevant for the optimization of eel fishing techniques, conservation, and fish welfare management
Effect of heat-shock duration and zygote age on tetraploid induction for triploid broodstock production in platinum koi (
No full textThe koi fish (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) is an ornamental freshwater species valued for its vibrant body patterns, colors, and high market price. Despite extensive breeding efforts, the demand for koi fry remains unmet. Advances in biotechnology, such as chromosome manipulation, offer a promising solution to increase production yields. This study evaluated the effectiveness of tetraploid induction in koi through heat shock treatment, testing different zygote ages and shock durations. The highest proportion of tetraploids (86.6%) was achieved with a heat shock of 39 °C for 2.5 minutes. When considering zygote age, heat shock applied at 31 minutes post fertilization (mpf) produced 66.7% tetraploids, while treatment at 27 mpf yielded a comparatively higher proportion than other age groups. Tetraploidy was confirmed through cytogenetic analysis, ensuring accurate identification of induced individuals. These findings provide a practical protocol for koi breeders to produce tetraploid broodstock, which can be used for triploid production or to enhance genetic resources in ornamental fish aquaculture
Feasibility and productivity analysis of arad (mini trawl) fisheries in Cilincing North Jakarta
No full textIn 2019, fish production landed at TPI Cilincing weighed 1,476,750 kg, with a value of IDR 47,501,137,000.00. One of the fishing gears used in Cilincing is mini trawl nets. This fishing gear is categorized as illegal by the ministry of marine affairs due to its destructive nature. However, many fishermen still operate this fishing gear and refuse to switch into more environmentally friendly fishing gears. This research aims 1.) to determine the feasibility of the mini trawl in Cilincing, North Jakarta; and 2.) to determine the productivity of mini trawl fishing units and compare it to more environmentally friendly fishing gears. This research was conducted from January - May 2024. The data analyses used were both qualitative and quantitative to provide an overview of mini trawl productivity and financial analysis. The results show that NPV was positive, with B/C >1 (2,21), and an IRR value of 38%. This result shows that mini trawl fishery is beneficial because the return on capital is faster and the profits are higher compared to more environmentally friendly fishing gears. In addition, the productivity value of mini trawl per trip was 0.32 tons/trip and the mini trawl net had a much higher productivity value compared to bottom gillnets (rampus) and blue swimming crab gillnets
Micro-mechanical approaches to characterize tip growth: Insights into root hair elasto-viscoplastic properties
No full textRoot hairs are outgrowths of the epidermal cells of plant roots. They increase the root's exchange surface with the soil and provide it with good anchorage in the soil. Root hairs are an emblematic model of apical growth, a process also used by yeasts and hyphae to invade their environment. From a mechanical perspective, the root hair is considered as an elastic cylinder under pressure, closed by a dome that behaves like a yield fluid. We introduce here two innovative mechanical setups and protocols to characterize the mechanical properties of single growing root hairs in Arabidopsis thaliana. In the first setup, root hairs grow against an elastic obstacle until buckling. By measuring the critical buckling force, we determine the surface modulus and estimate the Young’s modulus of the cell wall, which aligns with previous measurements. Using a 1D elasto-viscoplastic model of root hair growth, we assess the excess pressure beyond the yield threshold (the driver of tip growth) and estimate the axial stiffness of the root hair, reflecting its elastic resistance to compression. For the second protocol, we designed a setup where a single root hair grows against a cantilever with variable stiffness, a technique adapted from our earlier work on rigidity sensing by animal cells. This method provides an independent estimate of the root hair's axial stiffness, confirming our initial findings and suggesting that this stiffness primarily involves tip compression and depends mainly on turgor pressure, at least within the low deformation regime explored
Small equatorial deformation of homogeneous spherical fluid vesicles
No full textWe examine the reaction of a homogeneous spherical fluid vesicle to the force exerted by a rigid circular ring located at its equator in the linear regime. We solve analytically the linearized first integral of the Euler–Lagrange equation subject to the global constraints of fixed area and volume, as well as to the local constraint imposed by the ring. We determine the first-order perturbations to the generating curve of the spherical membrane, which are characterized by the difference of the radii of the membrane and the ring, and by a parameter depending on the physical quantities of the membrane. We determine the total force that is required to begin the deformation of the membrane, which gives rise to a discontinuity in the curvature of the membrane across the ring
QSPR modeling of polychlorinated biphenyls using degree-based molecular descriptors: a comparative study with linear, polynomial, and ridge regression
No full textChemical graph theory provides a mathematical framework for representing molecular structures as graphs, where atoms correspond to vertices and chemical bonds to edges. This approach enables the use of molecular descriptors to extract reliable structural information and model physicochemical properties. In this study, we investigate the use of recently introduced degree-based molecular descriptors including Euler Sombor, elliptic Sombor, reverse Sombor, reverse elliptic Sombor, reverse Euler Sombor, Lanzhou, and ad-hoc Lanzhou indices to model key properties of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Experimentally reported properties such as melting point, relative retention time, octanol-water partition coefficient, enthalpy of formation, and Henry’s law constant were analyzed. Quantitative structure–property relationship models were developed using linear, polynomial, and ridge regression techniques. The predictive performance of these models was evaluated through comparison of actual and predicted values, cross-validation, and bootstrapping. Results indicate that the selected descriptors, particularly the elliptic Sombor and reverse Euler Sombor indices, exhibit strong correlations with PCB properties, demonstrating their utility in predicting physicochemical behavior. These models hold potential for applications in chemical ecology, environmental risk assessment, and computational molecular design