446494 research outputs found
Sort by
« La robustesse de la supply chain du nucléaire dépend également de la santé globale de l’industrie »
No full textPerformance industrielle, transformation numérique, sécurisation des approvisionnements, recrutements massifs, coopération européenne : le défi de la relance du nucléaire n’est pas confiné au seul périmètre nucléaire, décrit Olivier Bard, délégué général du Gifen
Preliminary Assessment of the Ecological Quality of the Moulouya and Kert River Mouths
No full textThe Moulouya and Kert Rivers discharge into the northeastern Mediterranean coast of Morocco, where their mouths form ecologically sensitive transitional ecosystems frequently exposed to growing anthropogenic pressures such as urbanization, intensive agriculture, and industrial and domestic discharges. This study focuses on the physicochemical characterization of water and the quantitative and qualitative analysis of benthic macrofauna within these two ecosystems. It proposes an integrated methodological approach to evaluate these pressures and analyze their potential impacts on the ecological status of these underexplored estuarine areas. Two monitoring campaigns conducted during the wet season enabled the collection of water and sediment samples for laboratory analyses. In situ physicochemical measurements of water included temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, and electrical conductivity. A preliminary inventory of benthic macrofauna was also performed based on abundance and dominant species, which are used as bioindicators of ecological quality. Preliminary results reveal spatial variations in abiotic and biotic parameters linked to local human activities, while observed differences in macrofaunal assemblages suggest varying levels of environmental disturbance. This study highlights the relevance of an integrated approach combining chemical and biological indicators to characterize environmental gradients and support sustainable management policies. Final analyses currently in progress, will help confirm these trends and refine the ecological health assessment of these river mouths in the eastern Rif region
UI/UX Design for a Database of Smallholder Oil Palm Plantations in Merangin Village, Kuok District, Kampar Regency
No full textPalm oil is the main raw material for vegetable oil production throughout the word. Indonesia's oil palm plantations are extensive, covering approximately 16.8 million hectares in 2023, primarily in Sumatra and Kalimantan. For Indonesia, oil palm contributes significantly to the farmers' economy and generates foreign exchange from crude palm oil exports. However sustainable plantation management must be continuously pursued to ensuring productivity. Currently, there is a gap between the productivity and quality of oil palm fruit harvests from smallholder plantations compared to industrial plantations. The quality of oil palm fruit from smallholder plantations generally is lower than that of industrial plantations. This study proposes the designs of an application architecture and database for smallholder oil palm plantations using a User Interface and User Experience (UI-UX) approach, which allows the development of applications to collect oil palm farmer data directly, quickly, in detail, and up-to-date. This proposed design was tested to ensure the application's success in generating information such as identity, available land area, planted land area, number of oil palm trees, tree age (planting year), production level, and coordinates of their plantations
Antiviral Potential of Polysaccharides Extracted from Marine Macroalgae of the El Jadida Atlantic Coast (Morocco)
No full textHerpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a globally widespread pathogen, and its increasing prevalence, associated complications, and emerging drug resistance underscore the need for novel antiviral agents. In this study, polysaccharide fractions were extracted from seven marine algae species collected from the El Jadida Atlantic Coast, Morocco, using aqueous and Soxhlet extraction methods. The antiviral activity of these extracts against HSV-1, as well as their cytotoxicity, was evaluated. All tested extracts demonstrated notable antiviral activity. Among them, the polysaccharide from Chondracanthus acicularis exhibited the strongest effect (IC50= 17.78 ± 2.5 μg/mL), followed by the extract from Ellisolandia elongata (IC50 = 18,12 ± 4,8 μg/mL). Importantly, none of the extracts showed cytotoxicity at the tested concentrations. These results highlight the potential of marine algal polysaccharides as antiviral agents and provide a basis for further studies on the chemical characterization and bioactivity of polysaccharides from marine macroalgae
Grey Wolf Optimisation for Optimal Generation Scheduling of Distributed Energy Resources in Microgrid
No full textIntegrating the Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) into the modern power system requires intelligent scheduling algorithms for stability, reliability and cost effectiveness. This paper analyses the optimal generation scheduling in a microgrid consisting of photovoltaic (PV) systems, wind turbines (WTs), diesel generators (DGs) and battery energy storage systems (BESSs). Evolutionary optimisation algorithm, namely Grey Wolf Optimisation (GWO), is employed to minimise the total generation cost of the system while considering the constraints like power balance, generator ramp limits and state of charge (SOC) of battery dynamics. Simulations are done in a CIGRE LV 18 bus microgrid using MATLAB 2024, and the results are reported. Comparison with GA results shows that GWO has faster convergence and produces smoother generator and battery schedules, with a reduction in operational stress
From energy poverty to sustainable development: The socioeconomic impact of rural electrification in Morocco
No full textEnergy is a fundamental pillar of economic and social development, but dependence on fossil fuels poses major environmental and social challenges, particularly in rural areas of developing countries. Rural electrification is therefore an essential lever for sustainable development, promoting social equity and improving living conditions. In Morocco, rural electrification has become a national priority through the Rural Electrification Program. Thanks to this program, the rate of access to electricity has risen from 18% in 1995 to nearly 99.86% in 2022. This policy has had significant socio-economic impacts, including the creation of income-generating activities, improvements in education and health, and a reduction in rural exodus. Rural electrification in Morocco thus appears to be a strategic tool for reducing territorial inequalities and promoting sustainable development
Leaching and devitrification of lead, molybdenum and phosphorus oxide glasses
No full textMorocco has established a prominent industry focused on the transformation and development of its abundant phosphate deposits, valued for their diverse properties. Numerous physic-chemical studies focus on the leaching and devitrification of oxide glasses characterized by the composition yPbO-(1-y)[xMoO3-(1-x)P2O5], with specific parameters of 0≤y≤0.3 and x values of 0.5 and 0.67. Measurements indicated that the addition of PbO in phosphate glasses, at concentrations from 0% to 30%, affects chemical durability. This was assessed across various solution pHs and dissolution times, utilizing an ammonium acetate solution and grain sizes between 300 to 500 urn, demonstrating the cross-linking effect of lead on the glass framework. A study indicates that the mass losses from the leaching of glasses occur linearly over time, regardless of their composition, and that glasses containing PbO exhibit increased durability. Studying the devitrification of elaborate glasses, this work presents X-ray diffraction analysis results for two glass families (x=0.67; 0.5). The analysis of the crystalline glass composition 0.3PbO-0.47MoO3-0.23P2O5 indicates the formation of Pb(MoO2)2(PO4)2
Impact of Solvent Polarity on the Phenolic Profile of
No full textCarob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) is a nutritious and medicinal plant native to the Mediterranean basin and widely used in Morocco. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of different extraction methods on the phenolic profile of carob pulp. Two types of extraction were applied: methanolic and aqueous. The phenolic profile was determined using HPLC coupled with UV detection and mass spectrometry within 0-15min Retention time window in order to target early eluting phenolic compounds typically abundant in carob pulp. Based on retention times and MS fragmentation, the main compounds detected were: gallic acid (m/z 169), dihydroxybenzoic acid (m/z 153), citric acid (m/z 191), malic acid (m/z 133), methyl gallate (m/z 183), and simple galloyl derivatives. Gallic acid and organic acids predominated in the aqueous extract, which had a lower signal intensity and less distinguishable phenolic structures. These findings demonstrate the significant influence of solvent polarity on the effectiveness of phenolic extraction and offer guidance for the valuation of carob-based functional constituents
A unified framework for smart home automation and energy analytics through matter and Modbus integration
No full textThe growing need for intelligent and energy-efficient residential environments has driven the development of smart home automation solutions that integrate multiple household systems into a unified control platform. These systems enable efficient monitoring, management, and optimization of energy usage while enhancing user convenience and sustainability. This paper involves the design and construction of an automation and energy metering system in a smart home that is developed based on the Home Assistant platform using Raspberry Pi 3B running version 16.2 (rpi.3). The system uses the Aqara Hub M3 to connect Matter-based devices and use energy meters that can connect to the hub using the Modbus standard to monitor and control the entire system. Two sub-projects were undertaken whose main aim was to automate lighting, fans and other electrical appliances and also monitor real time the energy consumption of both BESCOM and the Diesel Generator (DG) sources. The system is remote accessible via HomeKit (iOS) and Aqara Home (Android) applications and has an interactive dashboard to visualize energy consumption, supply source status, and estimate dynamic tariff. Its design shows how some protocols, including Matter and Modbus RS485, can interact and communicate in spite of the differences between the heterogeneous devices
Computational Study of a Spiral Pipe Collector for Solar Water Heating System
No full textThe water-heating system is considered one of the largest energy consumers in the commercial building sector. The advancement of water heating systems powered by renewable energy sources has become pivotal. The low cost and ease of maintenance of solar collectors for water heating systems have already made them popular for both residential and commercial applications. Therefore, the present study focused on an innovative design of a domestic water heater system. The system consists of a solar collector with a selective, black-nickel-coated spiral pipe and a storage tank. Selective coating can increasing the thermal efficiency of the collector. Temperature variations, useful energy gains, and the efficiency of a solar water heater are analysed numerically. The discussion section of this article provides detailed demonstrations of these key parameters