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Epidemiology and Public Health Strategies for Chronic Diseases Predominantly Affecting Women
No full textChronic diseases are a major global health concern, disproportionately affecting women. Key concerns include metabolic syndrome, autoimmune diseases (e.g., Systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE), gynecological cancers (breast, cervical), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In the USA, about 36% of women have metabolic syndrome. Breast cancer accounted for 12.5% of global new cancer cases in 2020, and CVD causes 37.4% of global women deaths, often underdiagnosed. Hormonal shifts, genetic susceptibility, and environmental factors drive these diseases. Effective interventions include targeted screening, lifestyle adjustments, and gender-tailored health education. However, challenges like misdiagnosis, healthcare disparities, and research limitations (small samples and gender bias) still persist. Future researches need comprehensive demographic data and multimorbidity studies. Targeted public health strategies are critical to improve women's health outcomes
Study on influencing law of processing parameters in multi-aperture hole-making process with electro-hydraulic jet
No full textElectro-hydraulic drilling has the advantages of high surface quality and no recast layer or microcracks. In the drilling, the optimization of the processing parameters has a significant influence on the hole diameter and quality. In this paper, the dynamic processing process of electro-hydraulic drilling is simulated and analyzed by using COMSOL software. The influences of the key processing parameters such as voltage, electrolyte conductivity and feed rate on the size of micro-holes are analyzed. Through the design of a set of drilling experiments, the high-precision straight holes with the diameters ranging from 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm were successfully drilled. The experimental results show that the hole diameter is positively correlated with the voltage and electrolyte conductivity, and negatively correlated with the feed rate. By optimizing the processing parameters, the high-quality micro-holes with a surface roughness of 1.28 μm were obtained. When the ratio of the target hole diameter to the outer diameter of the capillary exceeds 1.8 times, it will significantly affect the geometric accuracy (roundness and taper) of the hole. By increasing the diameter of the capillary, the roundness of the target hole is greatly improved
Extraction of Active Components from Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa and Development of Insomnia-Improving Products
No full textInsomnia, a prevalent global health issue exacerbated by modern life stress, affects 38.2% of Chinese people, with a rising trend among youth. Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chou, rich in saponins and flavonoids, exhibits sedative-hypnotic and anti-anxiety effects, offering a natural solution for insomnia. This study explores the potential of saponin-based substances from medicinal plants (e.g., Z. jujuba var. spinosa, Panax notoginseng) for sleep improvement. It systematically analyzes the technological evolution in transforming saponin-containing materials into modern preparations, including multidimensional raw material identification (DNA barcoding, NIRS, ICP-MS) and advancements in extraction technologies. Challenges remain, such as high costs of supercritical CO2 extraction, unclear sleep-regulating mechanisms of saponins, and formulation optimization hurdles. This work provides a foundation for developing safe, eco-friendly saponin-derived sleep-aiding products
Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Meniscal Tears
No full textMeniscus tears are a common knee joint injury which significantly impact joint function and the risk of osteoarthritis. According to morphological classification, they are classified as vertical tears, bucket handle tears, radial tears, and horizontal tears. Classified by the site of injury, they can be categorized into anterior horn, body, and posterior horn tears. Current diagnostic methods, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arthroscopy, which have high accuracy. However, limitations in accessibility and invasiveness are their drawbacks. Treatment selection hinges on tear stability, pattern, site, age, activity demand, and cartilage status. For stable and degenerative tears, conservative treatments such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and intra-articular injections are preferred, while surgical options such as meniscus repair, partial meniscectomy, or transplantation are reserved for unstable, traumatic, or complex tears. Emerging therapies such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) injections, and tissue engineering are promising in promoting meniscus regeneration and delaying osteoarthritis, while their long-term efficacy and safety still require further verification. This review summarizes the classification, diagnosis, and promising treatment patterns for meniscus tears, emphasizing the importance of individualized management and the potential of regenerative medicine approaches
Research Progress and Application of Artificial Intelligence in Cephalometric Analysis
No full textCephalometric analysis is a vital diagnostic tool in orthodontics and craniofacial surgery. It provides precise information on the relationship between the skull and teeth to guide treatment planning. Unlike traditional manual annotation methods, artificial intelligence (AI) approaches not only enable more efficient annotation but also mitigate result variability caused by differences in operator skill and experience. AI, particularly deep learning, excels at rapidly processing image while achieving accuracy comparable to that of experts. Recent studies confirm the effectiveness of convolutional neural networks and related architectures in automated landmark detection, structural segmentation, and intelligent measurement-based diagnostic support. When trained on large-scale annotated datasets, these models extract stable anatomical and pathological features. This enhances result reproducibility, reduces analysis time, and improves clinical efficiency. However, there are also some challenges persist, including inconsistent annotation protocols, limited model generalization across populations and imaging devices, and a lack of large-scale external validation. This review aims to summarize AI applications in cephalometric analysis, evaluate existing limitations, and explore future directions for establishing standardized, clinically reliable applications
Study on pre-tightening force formation and tightening process characteristics of self-locking nut
No full textThe self-locking nut has good seismic and anti-loosening performance and is widely used in the assembly of aero-engine rotor structures. The control accuracy of the pre-tightening force is crucial to the performance of the engine. However, the influence of the self-locking nut on the tightening process is less studied at present. First, the tightening process of the self-locking nut under the machining error is analysed, and the theory and error analysis of the bolt assembly process are carried out. The self-locking nut is closed by means of node offset. The influence of the self-locking nut on the tightening process is simulated and analysed. The results show that the closing nut makes the stress redistribution of the thread and the end face of the nut, from uniform distribution to symmetrical distribution, resulting in stress concentration. Finally, the single bolt tightening test is carried out to explore the influence of the number of tightening cycles on the tightening process parameters, and to provide guidance for the existing tightening process
The impact of mental health on entrepreneurs: A theoretical approach
No full textIn this article, we will explore how mental health impacts entrepreneurs who are uniquely vulnerable to numerous psychological stresses, including but not limited to anxiety, stress, burnout, and depression. Many of these disorders are caused by or made worse by the constant stress to achieve; the need to lead a successful business while handling the stresses of potential financial loss and isolation from friends and family—the effects can be devastating on both an individual’s health and on his/her company. Entrepreneurs’ abilities to comprise informed decisions, be creative, and remain productive, are most affected by performance anxiety; burnout; and the fear of making mistakes or failing. Anxiety, burnout, and fear of failure create a cycle which produces greater overall problems (both personally and professionally) for the entrepreneur, threatening their ability to establish and sustain their business over time
Chine et Corée du Sud : des modèles de maîtrise industrielle ?
No full textGrâce à une vision industrielle à long terme et à un pilotage étatique fort, la Chine et la Corée du Sud ont développé des filières nucléaires intégrées et efficaces permettant de livrer des réacteurs de manière soutenue. Pour l’Occident c’est une source d’inspiration même si la transposition complète n’est pas possible ou même toujours pertinente
Antimicrobial Activity and Toxicity Profile of Fly Ash Geopolymer in Comparison with Conventional Construction Materials: An Experimental Study
No full textAn alkali-activated geopolymer (GP) was synthesized from coal fly ash b direct template and cured at 60 °C for 24 h. The obtained GP was characterized by XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDS, confirming the formation of an amorphous aluminosilicate network. The biological activities were evaluated compared to three reference construction materials: ordinary Portland cement mortar (OPC), fired clay brick (CB), and vitrified ceramic tile (CT). Antimicrobial activity was assessed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Aspergillus niger. The fly ash GP revealed a high marked inhibition zones (45 mm for E. coli, 38 mm for S. aureus) and 100% fungal inhibition greater than standard antibiotic controls. This effect is attributed to the high alkalinity of GP and ionic composition of its leachate, rather than specific antimicrobial agents. Toxicity was evaluated using the Artemia salina lethality assay across a concentration range of 5 to 0.15 mg/mL, and zero lethality was induced. Mean survival remained 100% (± 0%) in triplicate assays statistically indistinguishable from negative controls. The study proves that fly ash GP has a strong antimicrobial action and exhibits a high biological activity in a sensitive toxicity screen. But an environmental assessment analysis in real-world applications are needed
Preparation and characterization of hydrogel-based delivery systems for bioactive molecules targeting transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis
No full textCardiac amyloidosis is a disorder characterized by the misfolding and aggregation of proteins such as transthyretin (TTR), presenting significant therapeutic challenges. Effective treatment requires the controlled and sustained delivery of biologically active molecules to affected tissues. Flavonoids such as quercetin, curcumin, and mangiferin have shown the ability to stabilize TTR tetramers, thereby inhibiting amyloid fibril formation. Despite their promising therapeutic potential and favorable preclinical results, the clinical translation of flavonoids has been limited by poor bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and chemical instability. To ovwrcome these limitations, tunable hydrogel delivery systems have emerged as viable approach to enhance flavonoid bioavailibilty. Consequently, a controlled-release chitosan-based hydrogel drug delivery system was developed. The surface morphology of the synthesized hydrogels was examined using scanning electron microscopy, while their structural integrity and pH-responsive properties were evaluated through gel fraction and pH-dependent swelling studies respectively