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Le temps des sages-femmes
No full textProfession médicale depuis 1803, les sagesfemmes connaissent au XIXe siècle une sorte d’âge d’or. La professionnalisation de la fonction d’accompagnement de la naissance découle d’une volonté politique qui, en instaurant une compétence de genre durable, associe étroitement la pratique du soin bienveillant (care) à celle du soin curatif (cure). La spécificité du champ d’intervention des sages-femmes (de la grossesse aux soins du post-partum, concernant à la fois la mère et l’enfant) influe sur la nature des soins prodigués par les sages-femmes (du soutien moral à l’intervention médicale active) et sur leur temporalité (ponctuelle et continue). Leur pratique pour l’essentiel indépendante repose donc sur une disponibilité totale au soin, fondatrice du regard contemporain porté sur le rôle de la sage-femme
Du silence aux données
No full textLa transition ménopausique touche plus d’un quart de la population féminine française, mais ses trajectoires cliniques et socio-professionnelles demeurent sous-étudiées. CLIMATÈRE est une cohorte prospective, 100 % numérique, visant à recruter plus de 100 000 femmes âgées de plus de 30 ans (non ménopausées, périménopausées ou ménopausées). Les participantes s’inscrivent sur le site web de CLIMATÈRE pour remplir des questionnaires couvrant symptômes climatériques, modes de vie, santé mentale et activité professionnelle. Un suivi annuel sera assuré. CLIMATÈRE générera une cartographie nationale de la santé des femmes autour de la ménopause afin de développer des outils de prévention personnalisés en santé
Experimental evaluation of wear behaviour of Al6061 hybrid metal matrix composites reinforced with SiC and graphite fabricated by stir casting
No full textThe Composites is a group of sophisticated materials made up of a metal alloy matrix that is strengthened using ceramic or organic particles. Commonly used matrix are aluminium, titanium, and copper, whereas reinforcements may comprise ceramic particles such as aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃), silicon carbide (SiC), boron carbide (B₄C) and as well as whiskers or fibers like carbon, boron, or steel. These composites exhibit several key characteristics, including a improved wear, high strength-to-weight ratio, thermal, and resistance to creep, enhanced stiffness and hardness, and superior fatigue performance. Due to these properties, MMCs are widely employed in aerospace, automotive, defence, electronics, and thermal management industries. The wear behaviour of the hybrid Al composites reinforced with SiC and graphite particles are tested in the present experimental work using laboratory-based pin-on-disc apparatus, with EN32 steel discs serving counter face material. The specimens were manufactured liquid metallurgy method. Parameters like sliding speed, load, and distance are varied and analysed in a systematic way to understand their effect on wear performance
Traffic Accident Severity Classification Using ResNet-18
No full textThe paper describes a system of automated classification of the severity of traffic accidents based on a fine-tuned ResNet-18 architecture. To meet the requirement of quick emergency reaction in low-resource urban areas, we pre-selected a dataset of about 50000 images, integrating the CADP and UCF-Crime datasets with rescue images of the area. The images were processed and augmented in order to rectify the imbalance of the classes. Transfer learning was used to train the model using Focal Loss and AdamW optimizer. Testing on a held-out test set shows a total accuracy of 98.54 and a precision of 0.99 on severe incidents and an F1-score of 0.98. The system maximizes the edge deployment, which provides low-latency inference applicable to real-time municipal surveillance. Comparative analysis shows that ResNet-18 offers a superior trade-off between accuracy and computational efficiency compared to deeper architectures.
Effect of silicone surfactant and distilled water on the structure, morphology, density, and compressive strength of polyurethane foam with utilization of castor oil
No full textPolyurethane (PU) foam is used almost everywhere—from packaging to insulation and construction—but its production still relies largely on petroleum-based ingredients. In this study, we explored castor oil as a renewable alternative to conventional polyols, aiming to create PU foams that are both sustainable and versatile. We prepared the foams by reacting castor-oil-based polyol with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), using different amounts of water as a blowing agent (1%, 10%, and 20% w/w) and silicone surfactant (2%, 10%, and 18% w/w) to help stabilize the foam structure. By adjusting these components, we examined how the formulations affected the foam’s appearance, density, and strength. Small changes in water and surfactant content led to three clear foam types: a rigid foam (1% water, 18% surfactant), a semi-rigid foam (10% water, 2% surfactant), and a flexible foam (20% water, 10% surfactant). The rigid foam showed the highest strength and density, while the semi-rigid and flexible versions had progressively softer and lighter structures. Overall, our findings show that castor-oil-based PU foam can be tuned to meet different performance needs simply by adjusting its formulation. This offers a practical and renewable pathway for producing PU foams with properties comparable to those made from petroleum-based materials
Development of advanced hybrid ZA43–Gr–SiC composite with improved mechanical properties for sustainable transportation applications
No full textThe development of high-strength-weight ratio and wear resistant metal matrix composites (MMCs) has demanded due to the requirements imposed by the transportation sector for light, high- performance and environmentally friendly materials. Due to its good castability, the corrosion resistance and properties as bearing are excellent in zinc-aluminum alloy ZA43. However, ZA43 is known to have a strength that is too low, deteriorating under high temperature conditions. To address these issues, this work utilizes silicon carbide (SiC) and graphite (Gr) as reinforcements for ZA43. The microstructural analysis showed that the reinforcements were spread out evenly throughout the material. The mechanical testing showed that the tensile strength, hardness, and toughness were all higher than those of mono ZA43. The findings suggest that ZA43– Gr–SiC hybrid composites could be advantageous for environmentally sustainable transportation systems that necessitate durable, lightweight materials
Numerical investigation on the effect of ply symmetry and presence of central hole on tensile performance of polymer matrix composites
No full textThis study presents numerical investigation of change in degradation of load carrying capacity in tension due to presence of ply symmetry and a central hole. Four different stacking sequences are used in the study, each having two variations viz. symmetric and non-symmetric. This approach is followed to understand effect of having symmetric layups. Secondly, tensile performance degradation is also estimated for above layups due to a central hole. This approach is used to understand the effect of stacking sequence. Finally, the difference in degradation of load carrying capacity due to symmetry as well as central hole is presented. This approach is followed to understand the effect of layup symmetry and central hole on tensile performance having different stacking sequences. Investigation shows that from the four stacking sequences taken under study, two showed positive effect and one showed negligible effect of symmetry on performance for specimen without and with hole. However. one stacking sequence showed negligible effect for specimen without hole and a negative effect of symmetry for specimen with a hole. Hence, for applications where this stacking sequence is used it is proposed to use non symmetric layups, for better performance in presence of a discontinuity like a hole
Investigation on plasma electrolytic oxidation duty cycle on Ti6Al7Nb titanium alloy performance for biomedical application
No full textIn the current investigation, surface modification of Ti6Al7Nb is done with the help of the plasma electrolytic oxidation process to understand the effect of duty cycle on its performance. Ti6Al7Nb is a better alternative as compared to Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al4V ELI titanium alloys for biomedical applications because vanadium is replaced with niobium, which does not have adverse effects on cells like vanadium does. This study investigates the influence of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) duty cycle on the coating properties of Ti6Al7Nb titanium alloy, focusing on thickness, hardness, surface roughness, pore size, and corrosion resistance. Na₂SiO₃, Na₃PO₄·12H₂O, and KOH was used as electrolyte for coating Ti-6Al-7Nb titanium alloy, PEO coating is done at constant voltage of 500 V. Five different duty cycle 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 60% are used to understand the effect of it on the performance of Ti-6Al-7Nb titanium alloy. For characterisation of coating SEM, EDS, XRD techniques are used. From current study it was noticed that coating thickness increases from 10.19 mm to 18.73mm as duty cycle increases from 20% to 60%, however hardness increases from 718.80 HV to 883.35 HV as duty cycle increases from 20% to 60%. It was observed that high duty cycle increases coating hardness and thickness due to intense discharge events. From EIS testing it was notice that coating is made-up of two-layer structure. Uniform distribution of electrolyte compositions was observed in PEO coated Ti-6Al-7Nb titanium alloy
-off-the-shelf tools for ICRH modelling
No full textThe present paper shows a number of numerical methods under development at LPP-ERM/KMS to model wave propagation and damping in the RF domain of frequencies. The philosophy is to adopt a maximum of physics tools already available in the literature (i.e. no new derivations are proposed; at most mild, intuitive upgrades of the existing analytical description are introduced) and extend them to make the description more realistic while keeping the CPU needs as modest as possible
Suprathermal electron transport studies in radio-frequency-heated tokamak plasmas
No full textThis contribution reports on the study of suprathermal electron radial transport enhancement in the presence of electron-heating radio-frequency waves, such as electron-cyclotron waves or lower-hybrid waves. Since suprathermal electrons emit hard X-rays from Bremsstrahlung, experimental data from hard X-ray measurements are used to follow their dynamics. In particular, electron-cyclotron power modulation experiments performed in TCV show that this transport depends on the total electron-cyclotron power. These results are corroborated by experimentally constrained Fokker-Planck simulations [J. Cazabonne et al, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 65, 104001 (2023)]. Similar experiments have been performed in WEST with lower-hybrid waves, and are reported for the first time. Preliminary analyses show potential evidence of suprathermal electron transport, but no clear dependence on wave power nor photon energy at this stage