Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
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Land Acquisition, Peasant Exclusion, and People Resistance Advocacy at Bolok Industrial Area in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Get PDFThis study aims to investigate industrial development project by corporations facilitated by the government of East Nusa Tenggara Province. The government argues that the development of Bolok Industrial area can open workforce, elevate the welfare of citizens, and reduce the poverty index. This research was conducted from February to July 2019. Data collection techniques are indepth interview, focus group discussion, and participant observation. By using a critical qualitative approach and a Marxian analysis of land acquisition and capital accumulation, this paper finds four urgent things. Firstly, people’s land is grabbed by corporations with government’s support. Secondly, the acquisition is carried out with the politics of \u27lure\u27 and \u27tourism\u27 to the island of Java. Thirdly, land acquisition causes inequality in land tenure and exclusion of farmers from their arable land. Fourthly, advocacy of critical awareness by various actors becomes less effective when important actors in society have been co-opted by corporations which resulted in conquering to the masses. The government of NTT Province must reconsider the development of an industrial area if they don’t want local people to be trapped in the poverty circle and ecological destruction
Cantrang and Poverty Fisherman in Tegal, Central Java
Get PDFThe sea territorial of Tegal City are known to have abundant fishery resources, but fisherman poverty still occurs. The low welfare of fisherman is suspected due to the competition of catching areas and the use of trap fishing tools of cantrang type (seine nets) that can cause poverty of fishermen in Tegal City coastal. In addition, cantrang fishing tools alsi damage other fishing gear such as jarng, pancing, and arad. This study aims to analyze the poverty of fishermen community and known the influence of firsherman cantrang to poverty of fishermen in Tegal City. The research method used is survey method. Poverty analysis of fishermen using poverty line approach through 14 indicators of household poverty, and to known the influence of fisherman cantrang to poverty of fisherman using descriptive analysis approach. The result of the research by using the measurement of poverty line, shows that which include in the group of poor fisherman is fishing rod fisherman. However, based on the measurement of 14 indicantors of poor households, small fishermen who live in Tegal City coastal categorized as less prosperous family. The results also show that the existence of cantrang fisherman not affect the poverty of fishermen because of different fishing areas, cantrang fisherman fishing in Sumatra and Kalimantan sea while small fishermen do catching around the sea of Tegal City.
Destructive Fishing Practices
Get PDFThe objective of this study is to find out and explain the destructive fishing practices occurred in Taka Bonerate National Park area and the factors that caused it. Data retrieval was conducted with in-depth interview techniques, literature studies and documents. The results showed that destructive fishing practices were still prevalent in the Taka Bonerate National Park area, both using chemicals (cyanide) and those using explosives (bombs) in fishing activities. The conclusions from this study are that fisheries destructive activities are generally not carried out individually but in groups, namely 3-4 people led by a captain. There are several contributing factors to the proliferation of destructive fishing practices in the small islands of Taka Bonerate National Park. Where they are still under guarded, and the conflicts of authority among the Taka Bonerate National Park management authorities, conflicts between fishermen, and availability of bombs and cyanides raw materials. The other are strong position of retainer and weak position of mustard in patron client relations between punggawa-sawi. The last factor but not least, that there are markets for them to sell the bombs and cyanide fishing
Mechanisms of Access and Power in Strengthening the Performance of Marine Ecotourism Management Institutions
Get PDFThe objective of this research is to analyze: 1) The distribution of benefits of Kampung Arborek’s toursim; 2) The access and power mechanism of the community who manages the ecotoursim in obtaining, maintaining, and controlling the resources; 3) and the performance of the power of the management institution of Kampung Arborek marine ecotoursim. The approach used in the research is the qualitataive approach. The techniques used to collect the data are through observation, documentation, interviews, focus group discussions, and secondary data collection. The results of this research show that the distribution of benefits that is obtained by the community who manages the ecotourism is an increase and more stable income compared to their previous income as fishermen. The distribution of benefits that was felt by the community who manages the ecotourism is inseparable from the access and power mechanism that they own. Through the bundle of power such as technology, capital, market, workforce, knowledge, authority, social identity and social relation, are used by the ecotoursim management community to obtain and maintain access towards resources. Through this bundle of power they are also capable of strengthening the performance of the marine ecotourism institution’s managment in Kampung Arborek. Therefore, equality in access and power for the community is needed to open new oppurtunities to obtain benefits from managing the ecotourism and also reinforcement of the performance of the institution’s management
Smallholders Oil Palm: Problems and Solutions
No full textForty percent of the total oil palm plantation area in Indonesia belong to the smallholder palm oil plantations. The productivity of smallholder oil palm plantations is still relatively low, only around 2-3 tons of CPO/ha/year under PBN dan PBS. The aim of this study is to identify internal dan external constraints that cause low productivity of smallholder oil palm dan the recommended solutions. This research was taken in Sanggau dan Sintang Regencies which are the largest areas of smallholder palm oil plantation in West Borneo. Data obtained were analyzed by SWOT. The results showed that there were four main strategies to increase productivity dan solve problems on oil palm plantation in Sanggau dan Sintang Regencies, namely, 1) intensifying technical training of oil palm cultivation to increase the farmers’ knowledge dan capabilities, 2) increasing the role dan ability of farmer institutions both farmer groups dan ‘koperasi’ in establishing cooperation with stakeholders dan in marketing fresh fruit bunch (FFB), 3) escalating the awareness dan understanding of farmers in using digital information technology to support their business activities on oil palm, dan 4) strengthening the government protection against middlemen
The Role of Kewang Customary Institution as a Biosecurity Strategy of Community Livelihood Asset in Negeri Booi
Get PDFPopulation growth which is not supported with the availability of natural resources causes gaps or limitations in meeting daily needs through natural resources. As a result, rural communities need certain rules or norms used as behavioral guidelines in utilizing the natural resources. One of them is through the existence of kewang customary institution. However, as the community develops, its effectiveness is experiencing a decline. This study examines the role of kewang customary institution as a biosecurity strategy for community livelihood asset in Negeri Booi, Saparua Island, Central Maluku Regency. This study was done in a qualitative manner with a case study method. The key informants involved included members of the kewang, head (raja) of Negeri Booi, farmers and customary leaders. In-depth interviews, observation and focus group discussion (FGD) were used to collect the data. The results showed that the kewang of Negeri Booi played an active role in securing the livelihood asset while at the same time protecting Negeri Booi\u27s territory. However, the inclusion of economic interventions left the kewang members vulnerable. They were faced with the choice to carry out their duties and functions as a local institution securing the livelihood asset or to violate the convention to meet their daily household needs. In general, the community in Negeri Booi still recognized the existence of kewang customary institution by respecting and carrying out every decision taken
The Synergy of Village Developing Management through Corporate Social Responsibility Activities
Get PDFImprovement the standard of living for villagers is increasingly open with the existence of UU No. 6 tahun 2014 concerning villages government. Various multistakeholders can strengthen village-based development mechanisms in synergy. The aim of this study is to analyze the synergy of the Corporate Social Responsibility management system with the management of a developing village by Indonesia Power PLTP Kamojang Branch Gunung Salak Ltd. This research is a policy research with a sequential mixed model design. Data were collected in the form of qualitative and quantitative data with methods of observation, interviews,and focused discussions. The results of the study show that Indonesia Power PLTP Kamojang Branch Gunung Salak Ltd and multistakeholders have succeeded in forming relations between different actors to improve village development. As for interacting with groups of people who are vulnerable to problems with their livelihood systems, corporate social responsibility mechanisms are improved based on the aspirations of the people who collaborate with multistakeholders from the planning stage to evaluating at the village to district level. Through this management mechanism assistance to the community can be done inclusive so that assistance can be recorded and measurable benefits
Land Conversion and Changes in Agricultural Communities at Cimanuk Subdistrict, Pandeglang Regency
Get PDFCimanuk Subdistrict is known with rice brand called “beras cimanuk”, which is a quality rice-producing area in Pandeglang Regency, but land use due to regional development has affected the lives of farmers, especially the younger generation of local farmers. This study aims to see how the conversion of agricultural land has a significant impact on social change in society, especially in the survival of generations of farmers. Data collection was conducted from April to June 2016 with interview techniques involving 21 informants consisting of tenants, landowners, surrounding communities, and agricultural extension agents. Data analysis was carried out descriptively. The results of the study concluded that land use change affected the declining role of agriculture in the socio-economic life of the community. the fading of the meaning of agricultural land became a driver in the difficulty of realizing the regeneration of farmers in Cimanuk subdistric