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Morphology and small subunit RDNA-based phylogeny of Ceratomyxa Amazonensis N. Sp parasite of symphysodon discus, an ornamental freshwater fish from Amazon
No full textThe specious genus Ceratomyxa Thelodan, 1892, infect mainly gallbladder of marine fishes, with only five species reported infecting species from freshwater environment. This study performed morphological and phylogenetic analyses involving a new Ceratomyxa species (Ceratomyxa amazonensis n. sp.) found in gallbladder of Symphysodon discus Heckel, 1840 (Perciformes: Cichlidae), an important ornamental fish endemic to Amazon basin. Mature spores were strongly arcuate shaped and measured 7.0 +/- 0.3 (6.27.6) mu m in length, 15.8 +/- 0.4 (15.0-16.7) mu m in thickness, and polar capsules 3.22 +/- 0.34 (2.4-3.6) mu m in length and 2.63 +/- 0.17 (2.4-2.9) mu m in width. This was the first small subunit ribosomal DNA (SS rDNA) sequencing performed to Ceratomyxa species parasite of freshwater fish, and the phylogenetic analysis showed C. amazonensis n. sp. clustering in the early diverging subclade of the ceratomyxids, together with species of parasites of amphidromous/estuaries fishes, suggesting some role of the transition of the fishes between marine/freshwater environments in the evolutionary history of these parasites1151040214025CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP305630/2013-02013/21374-6; 2013/14656-5; 2014/22700-
Exploratory studies of the potential anti-cancer effects of creatine
No full textTwo experiments were performed, in which male Wistar Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats were inoculated with 4 x 10(7) tumor cells subcutaneously and received either creatine (300 mg/kg body weight/day; CR) or placebo (water; PL) supplementation via intragastric gavage. In experiment 1, 50 rats were given PL (n = 22) or CR (n = 22) and a non-supplemented, non-inoculated group served as control CT (n = 6), for 40 days, and the survival rate and tumor mass were assessed. In experiment 2, 25 rats were given CR or PL for 15 days and sacrificed for biochemical analysis. Again, a non-supplemented, non-inoculated group served as control (CT; n = 6). Tumor and muscle creatine kinase (CK) activity and total creatine content, acidosis, inflammatory cytokines, and antioxidant capacity were assessed. Tumor growth was significantly reduced by approximately 30 % in CR when compared with PL (p = 0.03), although the survival rate was not significantly different between CR and PL (p = 0.65). Tumor creatine content tended to be higher in CR than PL (p = 0.096). Tumor CK activity in the cytosolic fraction was higher in CR than PL (p < 0.0001). Blood pCO(2) was higher in CT and CR than PL (p = 0.0007 and p = 0.004, respectively). HCO3 was augmented in CT compared to PL (p = 0.03) and CR (p = 0.001). Plasma IL-6 was lower and IL-10 level was higher in CR than PL (p = 0.03 and p = 0.0007, respectively) and TNF-alpha featured a tendency of decrease in CR compared to PL (p = 0.08). Additionally, total antioxidant capacity tended to be lower in CT than PL (p = 0.07). Creatine supplementation was able to slow tumor growth without affecting the overall survival rate, probably due to the re-establishment of the CK-creatine system in cancer cells, leading to attenuation in acidosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. These findings support the role of creatine as a putative anti-cancer agent as well as help in expanding our knowledge on its potential mechanisms of action in malignancies4881993200
Creatine supplementation and glycemic control: a systematic review
No full textThe focus of this review is the effects of creatine supplementation with or without exercise on glucose metabolism. A comprehensive examination of the past 16 years of study within the field provided a distillation of key data. Both in animal and human studies, creatine supplementation together with exercise training demonstrated greater beneficial effects on glucose metabolism; creatine supplementation itself demonstrated positive results in only a few of the studies. In the animal studies, the effects of creatine supplementation on glucose metabolism were even more distinct, and caution is needed in extrapolating these data to different species, especially to humans. Regarding human studies, considering the samples characteristics, the findings cannot be extrapolated to patients who have poorer glycemic control, are older, are on a different pharmacological treatment (e.g., exogenous insulin therapy) or are physically inactive. Thus, creatine supplementation is a possible nutritional therapy adjuvant with hypoglycemic effects, particularly when used in conjunction with exercise48921032129FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS - FAPE
A weak maximum principle for optimal control problems with mixed constraints under a constant rank condition
No full textNecessary optimality conditions for optimal control problems with mixed state-control equality constraints are obtained. The necessary conditions are given in the form of a weak maximum principle and are obtained under (i) a new regularity condition for problems with mixed linear equality constraints and (ii) a constant rank type condition for the general non-linear case. Some instances of problems with equality and inequality constraints are also covered. Illustrative examples are presented3731021104
Effect of adding industrial emulsifiers in soybean oil organogels with candelilla wax
No full textOrientadores: Maria Helena Andrade Santana, Gabriel Deschamps FernandesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia QuímicaResumo: Lipídios são ingredientes fundamentais na dieta humana. Porem devido a necessidade de adequação tecnológica via modificação desses lipídios na indústria de alimentos, a quantidade de gordura trans e saturada tem aumentado substancialmente em produtos industrializados nas últimas décadas. Ao mesmo tempo, vem aumentando o número de estudos que comprovam os efeitos maléficos desses alimentos na saúde humana. Neste contexto, os organogéis surgem como uma alternativa promissora na substituição de gordura trans e saturada em alimentos processados. Entre os principais desafios de se preparar um organogel, está a dificuldade de encontrar estruturantes compatíveis e viáveis para a indústria de alimentos. As ceras vêm sendo estudadas para este fim e se encontram entre os estruturantes mais promissores. A cera de candelilla é muito conhecida devido ao seu poder de estruturação de óleos vegetais. Entretanto, algumas dificuldades como custo e disponibilidade podem limitar sua aplicação em nível industrial. Devido a isso, o principal objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito da substituição total e parcial da cera de candelilla como estruturante para óleo de soja por emulsificantes industriais compostos basicamente de mono, di e triacilgliceróis. Dependendo do tipo e da combinação de estruturantes empregados, os mesmos podem ter efeito sinérgico ou antagônico, podendo prejudicar ou estimular o efeito do outro. O conteúdo de sólidos convencionalmente aplicado pela indústria de óleos e gorduras não tem relação direta com a dureza e consistência do organogel, e por mais que um gel possua alto teor de sólidos não necessariamente seja o mais estruturado e resistente. Por outro lado, a forma e organização das partículas sólidas e cristais formados no organogel estão entre os fatores mais determinantes em relação à dureza e consistência do organogel, e por isso devem ser cautelosamente estudados e avaliados antes da aplicação em cada formulaçãoAbstract: Lipids are key ingredients in the human diet. However, due to the requirements for technological adaptation through modification of these lipids in the food industry, the amount of trans and saturated fatty acids have increased substantially in industrialized products in the last decades. At the same time, the number of studies showing the harmful effects of these foods on human health has increased. In this context, organogels appear to be a promising alternative in the substitution of trans and saturated fat in processed foods. Among the main challenges of preparing an organogel is the difficulty of finding compatible and viable structures in the food industry. Waxes have been studied for this purpose and are among the most promising structuring agents. Candelilla wax is well known due to its power of structuring vegetable oils. However, some difficulties such as cost and availability may limit its industrial application. In this context, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the total and partial substitution of candelilla wax as structuring agent for soybean oil by industrial emulsifiers basically composed of mono, di and triacylglycerols. Depending on the type and the combination of structurers employed, they may have a synergistic or antagonistic effect, one of which may impair or stimulate the effect of the other. The solid fat content, conventionally applied by the oils and fats industry is not directly related to the hardness and consistency of the organogel, and even a gel presents a high solid fat content it is not necessarily the most structured and resistant one. On the other hand, the shape and organization of the solid particles and crystals formed in the organogel are among the most determinant factors with respect to the hardness and consistency of the organogel, and therefore should be carefully studied and evaluated before application in each formulationMestradoEngenharia QuímicaMestra em Engenharia Químic
Could petroleum work as lubricant oil on slippery lubricated surfaces to prevent inorganic scaling?
Full text linkThe use of nucleation and growth inhibitors at offshore oil industry to avoid inorganic scaling could be replaced by both physical and chemical modifications at surfaces to prevent the scaling. In that way, the slippery lubricated surfaces have been showing promising results as scaling preventers, notably when the lubricants are perfluorinated oils, which are immiscible with almost every kind of compound. Nonetheless, the requirement of periodically refilling these lubricant oils is disadvantageous, especially when dealing with deep sea facilities. Using petroleum as the lubricant oil could skip the refilling step, since it is always present in the extraction medium. So, this work tests the effectiveness of petroleum as the lubricant oil in functionalized textured polyaniline applied as anti-scaling material in conditions that simulate the medium of offshore operation. As result, petroleum as lubricant oil presents effective anti-scaling capacity and works perfectly in slippery lubricated surfaces62COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESnão te
Functional single nucleotide polymorphisms in Il2 and Il10 alter predisposition Tomantle Cell Lymphoma, as well as its progression and imune antitumour response
No full textsem informação4691OFP-12-003S34S34XXXI International Congress of the IAP and 28th Congress of the ES
Evaluation and management of newborns with 35 weeks or more of gestational age with risk for early neonatal sepsis and asymptomatic at birth
No full textOrientadores: Jamil Pedro de Siqueira Caldas, Sérgio Tadeu Martins MarbaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: Objetivo: Avaliar a evolução clínica e condições de alta dos recém-nascidos com 35 semanas ou mais de idade gestacional, assintomáticos ao nascimento e com fatores de risco para sepse neonatal precoce, conduzidos de forma conservadora. Métodos: Estudo de coorte, descritivo com coleta retrospectiva de dados. Foram incluídos todos os recém-nascidos com 35 semanas ou mais de idade gestacional, com fatores de risco para sepse neonatal precoce, assintomáticos ao nascimento e que permaneceram em regime de alojamento conjunto. O período analisado foi de julho de 2016 a julho de 2019. Após identificação dos riscos, os recém-nascidos foram conduzidos de maneira conservadora, através de exame físico seriado e observação clínica ao menos por 48 horas de vida. Os pacientes foram classificados em três grupos, de acordo com a presença ou ausência de sintomas no decorrer do tempo: assintomáticos (grupo A), sintomáticos sem sepse (grupo B) e o grupo de sepse neonatal precoce (grupo C). Os desfechos analisados foram: a presença de sinais clínicos sugestivos de infecção, os diagnósticos diferenciais de sepse, o tempo de internação e as condições de alta. Variáveis categóricas foram expressas por frequência absoluta e relativa e as contínuas por média e desvio padrão ou mediana e intervalo interquartil. As taxas foram expressas em porcentagem da amostra ou por 1.000 nascidos vivos. Resultados: Foram incluídos 769 recém-nascidos assintomáticos e de risco para sepse neonatal precoce, correspondentes a 12,2% das internações no alojamento conjunto no período. A média de peso ao nascer foi de 2999±485 gramas e de idade gestacional de 37,6±1,7 semanas. Recém-nascidos pré-termos corresponderam a 36,3% da amostra. Os fatores de risco mais prevalentes foram colonização por estreptococo do grupo B (29%), bolsa rota prolongada (21,9%) e trabalho de parto prematuro (21,4%). A maioria dos recém-nascidos (53,9%) permaneceu assintomático durante o período de avaliação (grupo A). O grupo B equivaleu a 45,3% da amostra. Cinco pacientes tiveram o diagnóstico de sepse neonatal precoce (0,8/1.000 nascidos vivos ?35 semanas de idade gestacional), sendo apenas um confirmado por hemocultura (S. epidermidis). Os sinais clínicos mais comumente encontrados foram: hipotermia (24,5%), tremores (8,7%) e vômitos (8%). Distermia ambiental (50,7%) foi o diagnóstico mais comum no grupo B, seguido por: prematuridade (20,0%), intolerância alimentar (15,7%), hipoglicemia (14,3%) e síndrome de hiperexcitabilidade (13,7%). Todos os pacientes com diagnóstico de sepse neonatal precoce apresentaram sintomas dentro das 48 horas de avaliação. A exclusão do diagnóstico de sepse precoce no grupo B foi feita prioritariamente por critérios clínicos e em apenas 3,5% deles, foram solicitados exames complementares. Não houve óbito e a mediana da duração da internação foi de 64 horas (intervalo interquartil 50-93 horas) sendo significativamente maior no grupo B em relação ao grupo A (72 horas IIQ 53-110 x 60 horas IIQ 50-72, p<0,0001). Conclusão: A taxa de recém-nascidos de risco para sepse neonatal precoce foi de 12,2% das crianças admitidas em alojamento conjunto. A taxa de sepse precoce clínica ou confirmada foi baixa, a maioria dos sintomáticos necessitou apenas de avaliação clínica para descartar quadro infeccioso e foi baixa taxa de coleta de exames laboratoriais. O manejo se mostrou seguro pela ausência de óbito intra-hospitalarAbstract: Objective: To evaluate the clinical evolution and discharge conditions of newborns at risk for early-onset neonatal sepsis, asymptomatic at birth and aging 35 weeks or more of gestational age, managed in a conservative manner. Methods: A cohort retrospective and descriptive study. All newborns at risk for early neonatal sepsis, asymptomatic at birth, aging 35 weeks or more were included and who were admitted to well-baby nursery. The period analyzed was from July 2016 to July 2019. After identifying the sepsis risk factors, the newborns were managed in a conservative manner, through serial physical examination and clinical observation for at least 48 hours of life. According to the presence or absence of clinical signs over time, patients were classified into 3 groups: asymptomatic (group A), symptomatic without sepsis (group B) and the early neonatal sepsis group (group C). The outcomes analyzed were presence or absence of septic symptoms, hospital length, and discharge conditions. Categorical variables were expressed by absolute and relative frequency and the continuous ones by mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range, according to normality distribution. Rates were expressed as percentage or per 1,000 live births. Results: 769 asymptomatic newborns at risk for early neonatal sepsis were included, corresponding to 12.2% of infants admitted to well-baby nursery in the period. The mean birth weight was 2999±485 g and the mean gestational age was 37.6 ±1.7 weeks. Pre-term infants accounted for 36.3% of the sample. The most prevalent risk factors were colonization by group B Streptococcus (29%), prolonged rupture of membranes (21.9%) and premature labor (21.4%). Most newborns (53.9%) remained asymptomatic during the evaluation period (group A) and group B was equivalent to 45.3% of the sample. Five patients presented early neonatal sepsis (0.8/1,000 live births ?35 weeks), and only one case was confirmed by blood culture (S. epidermidis). The most common clinical signs found were: hypothermia (24.5%), tremors (8.7%) and vomiting (8%). Environmental dystermia (50,7%) was the most common diagnosis in group B, followed by: prematurity (20.0%), gastroparesis (15.7%), hypoglycemia (14.3%) and hyperexcitability syndrome (13.7%). All patients diagnosed with early neonatal sepsis had symptoms within 48 hours of life. The exclusion of the diagnosis of early sepsis in group B was performed primarily by clinical criteria, and in only 3.5% of them, complementary exams were requested. There was no death. The median length of hospital stay was 64 hours (interquartile range 50-93 hours) and it was significantly higher in group B compared to group A (72 hours IQR 53-110 x 60 hours IQR 50-72, p<0.0001). Conclusion: The rate of newborns at risk for early neonatal sepsis was 12.2% of well-baby nursery. The rate of clinical or confirmed early sepsis was low, most symptomatic patients required only clinical evaluation to rule out an infectious condition, and the laboratory test collection rate was low. Conservative management proved to be safe due to the absence of in-hospital deathMestradoSaúde da Criança e do AdolescenteMestra em Ciência