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New interaction partners for Nek4.1 and Nek4.2 isoforms: from the DNA damage response to RNA splicing
No full textNeks are serine-threonine kinases that are similar to NIMA, a protein found in Aspergillus nidulans which is essential for cell division. In humans there are eleven Neks which are involved in different biological functions besides the cell cycle control. Nek4 is one of the largest members of the Nek family and has been related to the primary cilia formation and in DNA damage response. However, its substrates and interaction partners are still unknown. In an attempt to better understand the role of Nek4, we performed an interactomics study to find new biological processes in which Nek4 is involved. We also described a novel Nek4 isoform which lacks a region of 46 amino acids derived from an insertion of an Alu sequence and showed the interactomics profile of these two Nek4 proteins. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 of Nek4 were expressed in human cells and after an immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry, 474 interacting proteins were identified for isoform 1 and 149 for isoform 2 of Nek4. About 68% of isoform 2 potential interactors (102 proteins) are common between the two Nek4 isoforms. Our results reinforce Nek4 involvement in the DNA damage response, cilia maintenance and microtubule stabilization, and raise the possibility of new functional contexts, including apoptosis signaling, stress response, translation, protein quality control and, most intriguingly, RNA splicing. We show for the first time an unexpected difference between both Nek4 isoforms in RNA splicing control. Among the interacting partners, we found important proteins such as ANT3, Whirlin, PCNA, 14-3-3 epsilon, SRSF1, SRSF2, SRPK1 and hNRNPs proteins. This study provides new insights into Nek4 functions, identifying new interaction partners and further suggests an interesting difference between isoform 1 and isoform 2 of this kinase. Nek4 isoform 1 may have similar roles compared to other Neks and these roles are not all preserved in isoform 2. Besides, in some processes, both isoforms showed opposite effects, indicating a possible fine controlled regulation13CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP573913/2008-02010/51730-0; 08/57906-
Convergence of soil nitrogen isotopes across global climate gradients
No full textQuantifying global patterns of terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycling is central to predicting future patterns of primary productivity, carbon sequestration, nutrient fluxes to aquatic systems, and climate forcing. With limited direct measures of soil N cycling at the global scale, syntheses of the N-15 : N-14 ratio of soil organic matter across climate gradients provide key insights into understanding global patterns of N cycling. In synthesizing data from over 6000 soil samples, we show strong global relationships among soil N isotopes, mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), and the concentrations of organic carbon and clay in soil. In both hot ecosystems and dry ecosystems, soil organic matter was more enriched in N-15 than in corresponding cold ecosystems or wet ecosystems. Below a MAT of 9.8 degrees C, soil delta N-15 was invariant with MAT. At the global scale, soil organic C concentrations also declined with increasing MAT and decreasing MAP. After standardizing for variation among mineral soils in soil C and clay concentrations, soil delta N-15 showed no consistent trends across global climate and latitudinal gradients. Our analyses could place new constraints on interpretations of patterns of ecosystem N cycling and global budgets of gaseous N loss5Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI); National Science Foundation (NSF); NSF - Directorate for Biological Sciences (BIO
Teacher's comments on student's texts : notes from two places
No full textOrientador: Cláudia Beatriz de Castro Nascimento OmettoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de EducaçãoResumo: Nesta pesquisa, propõe-se a análise dos comentários deixados nas provas de redação por professores do 4º ano de uma escola particular de Campinas, com o objetivo de investigar, sob a perspectiva bakhtiniana, as concepções de linguagem - especialmente os modos de interlocução - que podem ser vistas nestes textos que os professores escrevem para os alunos. Nos comentários, identifico o duplo lugar que o professor ocupa: o de parceiro/coautor/interlocutor do aluno, e o de corretor/disciplinador do texto. Esse duplo lugar decorre de uma contradição de discursos sobre práticas de escrita que circulam na escola e em documentos oficiais como os Parâmetros Nacionais Curriculares e a BNCC. Geraldi (1991) distingue entre "produção textual" e "redação": esta refere-se a textos produzidos para a escola; aquela, a textos produzidos na escola. Tal distinção fundamenta-se justamente em uma concepção bakhtiniana da linguagem como forma de interação, como campo de negociação de significados entre interlocutores, como atividade constitutiva do sujeito. Nessa concepção, para que um texto seja produzido em sala de aula, é necessário construir uma situação em que o aluno tenha algo a dizer, uma razão a dizer, um interlocutor para quem dizer; escolher estratégias para falar. A produção do texto é, portanto, um processo, no qual aluno-autor e professor-leitor, em interação, colaboram, dialogam, se questionam. Essa dinâmica, porém, se quebra durante os momentos de prova, quando o aluno, sozinho, escreve para a escola, sabendo que seu texto será avaliado e receberá uma nota. O professor, parceiro cotidiano no processo de edição e reescrita do texto, assume outro lugar: o de corretor, que julga o texto a partir de parâmetros estabelecidos externamente. A prova, por sua vez, se estabelece também,, como uma forma de controle do professor, de forma que os comentários deixados nas redações respondem também ao sistema escolar – coordenação, direção e pais de alunos. O professor avalia e é avaliado, e seus comentários servem como justificativa para alunos, pais e para seu próprio trabalho. Essa mudança na posição interlocutória expõe uma contradição intrínseca ao trabalho docente no Brasil, e se manifesta nos comentários deixados pelos professores nas provas bimestrais, nas quais conseguimos perceber essa duplicidade. Os dados, bem como os comentários baseados em uma grade de correção interna, são analisados e categorizados usando a teoria dos gêneros do discurso de Bakhtin, conceitos da linguística da enunciação e estudos de Geraldi sobre textos na escola. A pesquisa buscou, assim, investigar como os comentários revelam a) a dinâmica de interação entre professor e alunos, b) quais seriam os novos interlocutores que se constituem nesses pequenos textos sobre textos e c) as estratégias de controle sobre a produção de professores e alunos e as consequentes formas de fuga elaboradas pelo professor.Abstract: In this research, it is proposed the analysis of the comments left by 4th grade teachers in writing tests of a private school in Campinas, with the purpose of investigating, under a Bakhtinian perspective, the conceptions of language - especially the modes of interlocution - that can be identified in these texts that the teachers write for the students. In the comments, I identify the double place that the teacher occupies: that of partner / coauthor / interlocutor of the student, and that of corrector / disciplinarian of the text. These two places stem from a contradiction in speeches about writing practices that circulate at school and in official documents such as the National Curriculum Parameters and the BNCC. Geraldi (1991) distinguishes between "textual production" and "composition": this refers to texts produced for the school; that, to texts produced at school. This distinction is based precisely on a Bakhtinian conception of language as a form of interaction, as a field of negotiation of meanings between interlocutors, as a constitutive activity of the subject. In this conception, for a text to be produced in the classroom, it is necessary to build a situation in which the student has something to say, a reason to say, an interlocutor for whom to say; choose strategies to speak. The production of the text is, therefore, a process, in which student-author and teacher-reader, in interaction, collaborate, dialogue, question themselves. This dynamic, however, is interrupted during the test moments, when the student, alone, writes for the school, knowing that his text will be evaluated and will receive a grade. The teacher, a daily partner in the process of editing and rewriting the text, takes on another place: that of a proofreader, who judges the text based on parameters that are established externally. The test, in turn, is also established as a form of controlling the teacher, so that the comments left in the texts also respond to the school system - coordination, direction and parents. The teacher assesses and is evaluated, and his comments serve as a justification for students, parents and for their own work. This change in the interlocutory position exposes an intrinsic contradiction to the teaching work in Brazil, and is manifested in the comments left by the teachers in the bimonthly tests, in which we can see this duplicity. The data, as well as comments based on an internal correction grid, is analyzed and categorized using Bakhtin's theory of speech genres, concepts of enunciation linguistics, and Geraldi's studies of texts at school. The research sought, therefore, to investigate how the comments reveal a) the dynamics of interaction between teacher and students, b) what would be the new interlocutors that constitute these small texts about texts and c) the strategies of control over the production of teachers and students and the consequent forms of escape developed by the teacherMestradoEducaçãoMestra em Educaçã
Microbiological characteristics of sepsis in a university hospital
Get PDFMicrobiological characteristics of sepsis and antimicrobial resistance are well studied, although in State University of Campinas, no data has been published yet. The main agents related to sepsis and antimicrobial resistance were analyzed. The blood culture records requested from 4,793 hospitalized patients were analyzed. The samples were processed using the Bact/Alert (R) system for agent identification and antimicrobial susceptibility. A total of 1,017 patients met the inclusion criteria for a sepsis diagnosis, with 2,309 samples tested (2.27 samples/patient). There were 489 positive samples (21% positive) isolated from 337 patients (33.13%), but more rigorous criteria excluding potential contaminants resulted in analysis being restricted to 266 patients (315 agents). The prevalent microorganisms were coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CNS) (15.87%), Escherichia coli (13.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.8%), Enterobacter sp (9.5%), Acinetobacter baumannii (9.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.7%) and Candida sp (5.1%). Examining antimicrobial resistance in the agents revealed that 51% of the S. aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 80% of the CNS isolates were oxacillin-resistant. For A. baumannii, the ideal profile drugs were ampicillin sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam, and for P. aeruginosa, they were piperacillin/tazobactam and ceftazidime. Enterobacteria showed on average 32.5% and 35.7% resistance to beta-lactams and ciprofloxacin, respectively. When all Gram-negative bacteria were considered, the resistance to beta-lactams rose to 40.5%, and the resistance to ciprofloxacin rose to 42.3%. Eighty percent of the agents identified in blood cultures from patients with sepsis belonged to a group of eight different agents. For empirical treatment, carbapenems and vancomycin unfortunately still remain the best therapeutic choice, except for A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, for which piperacillin/tazobactan is the best option15FAEPEX: Fundo de apoio ao ensino, a pesquisa e a extensã
Monitoring of cardiac autonomic responses, motor performance and level of recovery in soccer players with cerebral palsy
No full textOrientador: Jose Irineu GorlaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação FísicaResumo: Esta tese tem por objetivo analisar as respostas autonômicas cardíacas, desempenho motor e níveis de recuperação de jogadores de futebol com paralisia cerebral, durante fases de treinamento e competições internacionais. A pesquisa foi dividida em três estudos: 1) o primeiro estudo tem por objetivo analisar as respostas da modulação autonômica cardíaca e o efeito no desempenho em testes motores durante período de preparação. Sete jogadores da seleção brasileira de futebol PC foram monitorados durante quinze semanas, compostas de quatro fases de treinamento com o máximo de duas sessões por dia. Foram analisadas a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC), cargas de treinamentos e desempenho em testes motores pré e pós período de preparação. Os resultados apontaram pequeno aumento da distância percorrida no teste do Yoyo IRTL1 e decréscimo nos índices autonômicos cardíaco. Através dos resultados podemos concluir que o prolongado período de baixa carga entre as fases de treinamento induziram a redução das adaptações do treinamento ou até mesmo a reversão, o que ocasionou na diminuição dos índices parassimpáticos abaixo dos níveis iniciais. 2) o segundo estudo analisou as alterações da VFC e níveis de recuperação durante competição de nível mundial. Foram analisadas a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (lnRMSSD) em repouso, carga interna e questionários de recuperação e bem-estar de quatorze jogadores. Os resultados do grupo apontaram aumento da carga interna e diminuição de lnRMSSDcv de acordo com o avanço das fases da competição e diminuição nos níveis de recuperação nas partidas na fase eliminatória. Neste sentido, concluimos que durante o período competitivo com calendário congestionado, o grupo apresentou adaptação positiva às demandas da competição, visto a diminuição de lnRMSSDcv. No entanto, os níveis de recuperação perceptiva, principalmente dos jogadores que atuaram, foram influenciados com o aumento das exigências das partidas na fase eliminatória da competição causando a diminuição dos níveis de recuperação e aumento nos índices do bem-estar. 3) Já o terceiro estudo buscou analisar e interpretar as alterações diárias da VFC e questionários de recuperação perceptiva, por grupo e individualmente, durante jogos parapanamericanos. Onze jogadores foram monitorados durante treze dias consecutivos, com registros da VFC, questionários de recuperação perceptiva e carga interna. Os resultados indicaram não haver alterações na VFC entre as fases da competição, maiores níveis de estresse foram encontrados na fase de treinamentos, maiores valores de carga interna na fase congestionada de partidas, piora nos índices de bem-estar e maior carga interna para os jogadores que tiveram maior percentual de atuação nas partidas. Através deste estudo podemos concluir que os jogadores reagiram positivamente as demandas da competição, sem alterações negativas na VFC mediante ao calendário congestionado de partidas, além disto, análise diária e individualizada sugere que fatores externos as demandas da competição podem ter influenciado nas respostas autonômicas cardíacasAbstract: The present study aimed to analyze the cardiac autonomic responses, motor performance and recovery levels of cerebral palsy soccer players, during training phases and international competitions. The research was divided into three studies: 1) the first study aims to analyze the responses of cardiac autonomic modulation and the performance in motor tests during the preparation period. Seven cerebral soccer players from the Brazilian team were monitored for fifteen weeks, composed to four phases of training with a maximum of two sessions per day. Heart rate variability (HRV), training loads and performance in motor tests before and after the preparation period were analyzed. The results showed a small increase in the distance covered in the Yoyo IRTL1 test and a decrease in cardiac autonomic indexes. Through the results we can conclude that the prolonged period of low load between the training phases induced a reduction in training adaptations or even reversion, which caused a decrease in parasympathetic indexes below the initial levels. 2) the second study analyzed changes in HRV and recovery levels during world-class competition. Heart rate variability (lnRMSSD) at rest, internal load and recovery and wellness questionnaires were analyzed. The group's results showed an increase in internal load and a decrease in lnRMSSDcv according to the progress of the competition phases and a decrease in the recovery levels in the elimination phase matches. In this sense, we concluded that during the competitive period with a congested match schedule, the group showed a positive adaptation to the demands of the competition, given the decrease in lnRMSSDcv. However, the levels of perceptual recovery, mainly of the players who played, were influenced by the increase in the demands of the matches in the elimination phase of the competition, causing a decrease in the levels of recovery and an increase in the wellness indexes. 3) and the third study, on the other hand, aimed to analyze and interpret the daily changes in HRV and perceptual recovery questionnaires, by group and individually, during Parapan American Games. Eleven players were monitored for thirteen consecutive days, with HRV records, perceptual recovery questionnaires and internal load. The results showed that there were no changes in HRV between the phases of the competition, higher levels of stress were found in the training phase, higher values of internal load in the congested phase of matches, worsening in the wellness indexes and greater internal load for the players who had a higher percentage of performance in the matches. Through this study we can conclude that the players reacted positively to the demands of the competition, without negative changes in HRV due to the congested match schedule, in addition, daily and individualized analysis suggests that external factors to the demands of the competition may have influenced the cardiac autonomic responsesDoutoradoEducação Física AdaptadaDoutor em Educação Física88882.434745/2019-01CAPE
Unveiling differences between patients with acute coronary syndrome with and without ST elevation through fingerprinting with CE‐MS and HILIC‐MS targeted analysis
No full textDifferences in the degree and severity of Acute Coronary Syndrome, associated to differences in the electrocardiogram, together with blood tests of biomarkers classify patients for diagnosis and treatment. Cases where the electrocardiogram and/or biomarkers are not conclusive still appear, and there is a need for complementary biomarkers for routine determinations. Metabolomics approaches with blind fingerprinting could reveal differences in metabolites, which must be confirmed by means of targeted determinations. CE‐MS and HILIC‐MS are well suited for the determination of highly polar compounds, like those from to the intermediate metabolism, altered due to acute stress induced by myocardial infarction. Serum from patients with ST‐elevated and non‐ST elevated myocardial infarction was collected at intensive care and emergency units, and fingerprinted with CE‐MS. Data pretreatment and analysis showed up carnitine‐related compounds and amino acids differentially present in both groups. Acylcarnitines and amino acids were then quantitatively measured with HILIC‐MS‐QqQ. The significance of the differences and the sensitivity/specificity of each compound were individually evaluated. The ratio of free carnitine to acylcarnitines, together with the ratios of acetylcarnitine to betaine, to threonine, and to citrulline, showed high significance and area under the curve in the respective receiver operating characteristic curves. This study opens new possibilities for defining new sets of biomarkers for refining the diagnosis of the patients with difficult classificatio
Appropriateness of environmental impact distribution methods to model blast furnace slag recycling in cement making
No full textEnvironmental impact allocation has been noted as one of the life cycle assessment's (LCA) most controversial methodological issues given that it highly influences the study's final result. This paper analyses the appropriateness of available multifunctional modeling methods to distribute environmental loads between pig iron and bfs produced in the steelmaking process, and the influence that modeling choices have on LCA results for different blended cement types commercialized in Brazil. Allocation by mass and by economic value, as well as system expansion, are examined for ordinary Portland cement and two types of blended cements with higher ggbfs contents as clinker replacement. The support platform used for performing the LCA was SimaPro 7.3, and the impact evaluation method was CML 2001 (baseline). The data for the production processes' modeling came from national and/or local reports; when national data were unavailable, the corresponding processes found in the SimaPro built-in Ecoinvent database were adapted to better represent the Brazilian context. As expected, impact allocation based on mass induces large impacts on bfs and the environmental loads of blended cements gradually increase with the increased bfs content. A similar trend was observed for economic allocation, except for global warming and terrestrial ecotoxicity, which are particularly sensitive to the allocation procedure choice. In the system expansion approach, impact values in all categories decreased with increased ggbfs content in cement. Impact distribution across products is a legitimate way for an industry to be held accountable only for the true impacts of a given process. Each method presents its advantages and disadvantages. Independently of the criterion chosen, the conceptual limitations of allocation methods are that they do not look beyond impacts partitioning, and awkward ratios between physical characteristics and market value blur the vision and distort results. In our case, the system expansion approach precisely modeled the studied processes, following a complete and conceptually consistent description, which also allows for consideration of potential improvements at whole-system level99404
Characterization of the LysR-type transcriptional regulator YcjZ-like from Xylella fastidiosa overexpressed in Escherichia coli
No full textThe Xylella fastidiosa 9a5c strain is a xylem-limited phytopathogen that is the causal agent of citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC). This bacterium is able to form a biofilm and occlude the xylem vessels of susceptible plants, which leads to significant agricultural and economic losses. Biofilms are associated with bacterial pathogenicity because they are very resistant to antibiotics and other metal-based chemicals that are used in agriculture. The X. fastidiosa YcjZ-like (XfYcjZ-like) protein belongs to the LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR) family and is involved in various cellular functions that range from quorum sensing to bacterial survival. In the present study, we report the cloning, expression and purification of XfYcjZ-like, which was overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The secondary folding of the recombinant and purified protein was assessed by circular dichroism, which revealed that XfYcjZ-like contains a typical α/β fold. An initial hydrodynamic characterization showed that XfYcjZ-like is a globular tetramer in solution. In addition, using a polyclonal antibody against XfYcjZ-like, we assessed the expression profile of this protein during the different developmental phases of X. fastidiosa in in vitro cultivated biofilm cells and demonstrated that XfYcjZ-like is upregulated in planktonic cells in response to a copper shock treatment. Finally, the ability of XfYcjZ-like to interact with its own predicted promoter was confirmed in vitro, which is a typical feature of LysR. Taken together, our findings indicated that the XfYcjZ-like protein is involved in both the organization of the architecture and the maturation of the bacterial biofilm and that it is responsive to oxidative stress1137278CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPNão temNão tem2012/51580-4; 2001/07533-7; 2011/50268-
The art struggle the São Paulo Biennial : the production conditions of the dominant artistic taste
No full textOrientador: Renato José Pinto OrtizTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências HumanasResumo: Esta pesquisa analisa como se estabelecem as condições de produção das Bienais de São Paulo ao longo de sua história e qual sua configuração contemporânea. Compreendendo-a na qualidade de evento, periódico e constante, observamos que a Bienal aparece como efeito objetivo da disputa de poder entre agentes advindos de diferentes campos sociais e do Estado e produz na ordem do discurso a legitimação daquilo que é selecionado pelos agentes envolvidos na disputa como a boa arte contemporânea em cada momento histórico. A fim de identificar como a Bienal acumula tal poder, articulamos nesta tese a investigação sobre a história da instituição com uma análise do desenvolvimento do campo das artes visuais no país, observando as diferentes posições ocupadas pela arte nacional no cenário global. Com isso, explicitamos as relações de poder e os modos de operação que forjam o gosto artístico dominante como um capital de distinção social e apresentamos a Bienal paulista como seu artíficeAbstract: This research analyzes how the conditions of production of the São Paulo Biennial were established throughout its history and its current configuration. Understood as a periodic, constant event, we propose that the Biennial appears as an objective effect of the power struggle between agents from several different social fields, and from the State. It produces, in the order of discourse, the legitimacy of what is selected by those agents involved in the struggle as good contemporary art in each historical moment. In order to identify how the Biennial can accumulate such power, we articulate in this dissertation an investigation about the history of the institution with an analysis of the development of the field of visual arts in Brazil, taking note of the various positions occupied by Brazilian art in the global landscape. This allows us to unveil the power relations and modes of operation that shape the dominant artistic taste as a capital of social distinction, and to present the São Paulo Biennial as its producerDoutoradoSociologiaDoutora em Sociologia2015/11112-0; 2017/14984-3001FAPESPCAPE
Comparison of the incidence of postoperative pain after using 2 reciprocating systems and a continuous rotary system: a prospective randomized clinical trial
No full textThe objective of the present study was to clinically compare the incidence of postoperative pain and the intake of analgesic medication (frequency and quantity) after endodontic treatment of posterior teeth using 2 reciprocating systems and a continuous rotary system. Methods In a prospective randomized clinical study, 210 patients with vital teeth indicated for conventional endodontic treatment were treated by 5 specialists according to a pre-established protocol. The teeth were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups (n = 70) according to the instrumentation system used: ProTaper Next (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Johnson City, TN), WaveOne (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties), or Reciproc (VDW, Munich, Germany). Treatments were performed in a single visit. After the visit, the patients were given a prescription for ibuprofen 400 mg to be taken every 6 hours if they experienced pain. Participants were asked to rate the intensity of the postoperative pain on a visual analog scale according to 4 classes (no pain, mild pain, moderate pain, and severe pain) after 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days. Patients were also asked to record the number of prescribed analgesic medication tablets taken at these time points. Results No statistically significant difference was found among the 3 groups in relation to postoperative pain or analgesic medication intake at the 4 time points assessed (P > .05, Kruskal-Wallis test). Conclusions The reciprocating systems and the continuous rotary system were found to be equivalent in regard to the incidence of postoperative pain and intake of analgesic medication at the time points assessed42217117