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Study of aquatic biodiversity and correlation with physical parameters of Jalangi river
Get PDFThe present study is concerned to assess the present status of aquatic biodiversity and its correlation with few physical parameters of river Jalangi. The study shows more than 35 species of freshwater fishes, eight species of zooplanktons, four species of dragonflies and two species of damselflies, few species of mollusks, which reflects that the river Janangi is full of diversity with respect to flora and fauna. The river is full of eel grass. River Jalangi is also a habitat of water striders, few crab species and aquatic snakes. In few areas, pollution may affect the present ecological status of Jalangi River in near future. This preliminary study identifies the overall biodiversity status of Jalangi. However, more work in this direction is required to make complete database on floral and faunal diversity of this river.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.451652
Impact on the productivity of preparation on rhizobial inoculant carriers
Get PDFSelection of a suitable carrier material for rhizobial inoculants is essential for biofertilizers production. Locally available wastes or by-products as carrier material will increase the cost effectiveness of the inoculants preparation. Here, were evaluated four such waste materials from local ground viz. charcoal, saw dust, garden soil and sugarcane bagasse with carrier based inoculums (108 viable cells/ml) and kept at room temperature (30 ± 20C). The colony forming unit (CFU) count of each strain in different carriers was monitored every month. The charcoal, garden soil and saw dust resulted to allow a better survival of the inoculums. The viable counts in charcoal, soil, saw dust and sugarcane bagasse after 240 days of storage was recorded as 107, 106, 105 and 103 for MPR8 and 107, 105, 105 and 103 for TFR3 strains respectively. The effects of storage of carrier on plant productivity showed better plant biomass accumulation and nodulation in cases of charcoal, sawdust and garden soil. However it was insignificant with the sugarcane bagasse based inoculants.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.464143
Physicochemical characterization and evaluation of the antioxidant activities of essential oil extracted from Eucalyptus globulus
Get PDFThis work was conducted as part of evaluation of the antioxidant activities of the essential oil extracted from a plant that belongs to the family of Myrtaceae: Eucalyptus globulus. The extraction of the essential oil was carried out by hydrodistillation and followed by extraction yield determination and physicochemical analysis. Then, the evaluation of the antioxidant activity was performed according to the method of DPPH free radical scavenging and the determination of total antioxidant capacity. The extraction of the essential oil gave a content of 0.41 ± 0.01%. The analytical study of the physicochemical properties of the essential oil of E. globulus showed that this plant presented an essential oil of acceptable quality and in conformity with the standard. The results of the evaluation of the antioxidant activity showed that this essential oil has interesting antiradical properties. It was manifested by a low value of IC50 (0.017 mg /ml) compared to the standard antioxidant (ascorbic acid). It was noticed that the essential oil of E. globulus has an antioxidant capacity of the order of 19 ± 0.01 mg AAE/g. This result showed that the essential oil of E. globulus has a powerful antioxidant power by reducing phosphomolybdate. Thus, the essential oil of E. globulus appeared effective in reducing oxidative reactions.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.503354
Binding of the antibacterial drug clofoctol and analogues to the Cdc7/Dbf4 kinase complex. A computational study
Get PDFDrugs targeting the cell division cycle kinase 7 (Cdc7) are actively searched for the treatment of different pathologies such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and cancer. Cdc7 interacts with multiple protein partners, including protein Dbf4 to form the Dbf4-dependent kinase (DDK) complex which regulates DNA replication initiation. Cdc7 and its activator Dbf4 are over-expressed in some cancers. The antibacterial drug clofoctol (CFT), used to treat respiratory tract infections, has been shown to block Cdc7 kinase activity, acting as a non-ATP-competitive inhibitor, capable of arresting DNA synthesis in cancer cells. We have modeled the interaction of CFT with the DDK complex and identified four potential binding sites at the interface of the Cdc7/Dbf4 heterodimer: at T109 and D128 (Cdc7), V220 and I330 (Dbf4). CFT behaves as an interfacial protein-protein inhibitor of the Cdc7/Dbf4 complex, limiting drug access to the proximal kinase site. Six CFT analogues have been tested for binding to the kinase complex. Two potent binders were analyzed in detail. The CFT structure was modulated to replace the two chlorine atoms with hydroxyl groups. The empirical potential energy of interaction (ΔE) calculated with hydroxylated compounds points to a more favorable interaction with the DDK complex, in particular at D128 site with the compound bearing two ortho-OH groups. Our work contributes to the identification of novel DDK inhibitors.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.552721
Organ dependency variation of the chemical composition of Ziziphus lotus volatile fractions
Get PDFThe extended application fields of the essential oils keep them a subject of interest. In this study, we investigated the aerial part essential oil and the fruit essential oil of the wild plant Ziziphus lotus, collected from the southern region of Tunisia. These essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus showed an extraction yield of 0.013% and 0.0046% respectively. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the samples using GC-MS/GC-FID revealed two distinct compositions. Apocarotenoid derivatives characterized the essential oil of the aerial part; the major compound was hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (23.2%) followed by geranylacetone (12.5%) and cis-hexenyl-3-benzoate (11.1%). While the abundance of fatty acid marked the fruit essential oil. The noticed major compounds were 2-pentadecanone (16.9%), dodecanoic acid ethyl ester (14.5%) and n-hexadecanoic acid (13.0%). Such chemical composition may explain the traditional use of Ziziphus lotus as a drug to treat various pathologies.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.555296
Prevalence of common inhaled allergies in Erbil province, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Get PDFNowadays, inhaled allergens are the main causes of allergic diseases, which are derived from different sources such as animal dander, grasses, tree, insects and fungi/molds. Identification and detection of allergens play a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of many allergic diseases. Aims were to determine the prevalence of most common inhaled allergens in Erbil province and determination the intensity of allergic response among allergic patients against 35 identified inhaled allergens items. A total number of 170 patients suffering from suspected inhalant allergy were checked in the present study. The study was carried out for patients who visited the private clinical sectors between 2018-2020 in Erbil province, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Determination of specific IgE (sIgE) antibodies was examined for suspected patients. The country-specific inhaled allergy profile “Euroline inhaled Iraq 1” (Catalog no: DP 313816011 E, IVD approved, and CE certified EUROLINE immunoblot), containing strip for 35 different inhalant allergens, has been used in this study. Positive specific IgE to inhaled allergens was detected in 22.35% of our suspected patients. Orchard grass (21.05%) was the most inhaled allergen in our 38 allergic patients, followed by the Meadow foxtail (15.78%), Cockroach German and Sweet vernal grass (13.15%). Based on the present study results, we conclude that the prevalence of inhaled allergy differed between men and women in different age groups. Our study reached that there were no associations between inhaled allergens and sex or age.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.439514
Types of face coverings (masks) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Get PDFThe ongoing pandemic has been increasing slowly and steadily across the world. The SARS-CoV-2 spreads through droplet disseminated from infected persons via coughing and/or sneezing onto the face, nasopharyngeal, and oropharyngeal mucosa. In order to prevent the transmission of coronavirus disease, WHO and public health officials made policies, advised the health workers and public to wear face coverings (masks). The nature of masks depends upon the source, material, structure and particulate efficacies. The main objective of this study is to provide information about efficacies of different types of masks used during COVID-19 pandemic.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.506841
Ethnomedicinal knowledge on Rai community of Ramprasadrai rural municipality, Bhojpur district, eastern Nepal
Get PDFIn Nepal, about 7000 vascular plants are noted. Some plants are medicinally important, so need to be explore for their medicinal value. Primary data for this research was collected by interviewing respondents. Secondary data was collected by reviewing early published research works on the internet. All herbaria were identified with the help of villagers, books, the internet, and by visiting of National Herbarium and Plant Laboratories (NHPL), Nepal. 35 plant species belonging to 28 families and 35 genera were documented as medicinal plants in the study area. Among these species, more plants were found to be herbs (51%) and the most useful parts were leaves (27%). Throat pain was the most common disease cured by more plant species (8 spp.). The most-used plant species were Acorus calamus, Terminalia chebula, Zanthoxylum armatum, Swertia chirayita, Phyllanthus emblica, Ageratina adenophora, Drymaria cordata, Curcuma caesia, Amomum subulatum, and Cinnamomum camphora. The Rai community of this area is rich in knowledge of traditional medicines. Elderly persons are found to be more thinkable about the curative properties of plants, methods of preparation, and diseases diagnosis than young people. Ethnomedicinal knowledge is important for various diseases in the Rai community. Conservation and preserve these plants for future generation as well for the reasons of traditional knowledge is going extinct gradually. The main purpose of this research was to find out the medicinal plants used by the Rai community of Khoksik village in Ramprasadrai Rural Municipality-8 in Bhojpur district.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.513972
Inhibition of Aspergillus VosA protein by lactic acid bacteria metabolites (in silico study)
Get PDFIn this work, we performed an in silico study using 3D structure protein of VosA, and analyzed the protein interaction via molecular docking using PyRx to test the inhibition efficacy of 15 metabolites compounds produced by lactic acid bacteria in conidia germination protein of Aspergillus. The antifungal docking findings revealed that these compounds showed good interactions and binding affinity against the target involved in conidia germination. The highest binding energy (-6.3 kcal/mol) was given by stearic acid. This interaction is due to the residue amines Ser and Phe. Palmitic acid also showed a good binding affinity with -6 kcal/mol. Lactic acid has not the same efficiency as palmitic, and stearic acid, which represented a value of -3.6 kcal/mol, the values recorded by cytidine was from -5 kcal/mol, which was also important compared to oxalic and acetic acid.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.560999
Assessment of polyphenols contents, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Origanum majorana extracts
Get PDFThe Algerian flora contains many species of vascular plants, including aromatic and medicinal plants, which can be very used for the treatment of diseases and health care. Origanum majorana is an Algerian medicinal plant used in the traditional pharmacopoeia. This work was conducted to evaluate the total polyphenolic content, antibacterial effect, and antioxidant capacity of O. majorana extracts. The extraction was carried out using the aerial parts of O. majorana with water and methanol to produce the aqueous extract (Aq.E) and the methanolic extract (Met.E). The total polyphenolic and flavonoids contents of the extracts were estimated using colorimetric method. The antibacterial effect was evaluated by the method of disc diffusion. ABTS, DPPH radical scavenging, and reducing power were used to determine the antioxidant capacity of the extracts. So, the results showed that the highest concentrations of polyphenolic amounts and flavonoids were recorded in the Met.E with values of 68.66 µg EAG/mg E and 11.71 µg EQ/mg E, respectively. Moreover, all extracts showed a good antibacterial effect against B. cereus with inhibition zones ranging from 9 to 13 mm, and moderate activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. In addition, the Met.E showed the highest effect in case of DPPH and ABTS free radical (EC50=16.15±0.2 µg/ml and 19.66±0.56 µg/ml, respectively). This study demonstrated that the Met.E of O. majorana contains bioactive compounds that are related to potential biological activities, such as antioxidant and antibacterial effect.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.560851