Qazvin University of Medical Sciences
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بررسی فراوانی پارستزی بعد از جراحی دندان مولر سوم نهفته در نسج سخت 88- بیماران مراجعه کننده به مطب خصوصی در شهر قزوین طی سال های
Get PDFHuman health risk assessment of cadmium exposure in dry deposition of atmospheric dust (Uncertainty analysis)
Get PDFBackground and purpose: The atmospheric suspended particulate matter is a major route of
human exposure to different kinds of environmental pollutants especially toxic heavy metals. The aim of
this study was to assess the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of cadmium in dry deposition of
atmospheric dust in Qazvin, Iran.
Materials and methods: Glass traps were used for sampling dry atmospheric dust. To
determine the concentration of cadmium (Cd), the samples were injected into ICP-OES after preparation.
Then, the risk of carcinogenicity and non-carcinogenicity of Cd was calculated in children and adults.
Results: The mean concentration of Cd was 0.0164 mg/kg. Cumulative non-carcinogenic risk
(HI) in all exposure pathways for children and adults were 2.31E-4 and 1.94 E-4, respectively. The
cumulative carcinogenic risk (TCR) in children and adults were 4.72 E-9 and 9.21 E-9, respectively.
Conclusion: The risk of carcinogenicity and non-carcinogenicity due to the presence of
cadmium in atmospheric dust and exposure in children and adults was found to be lower than acceptable
limits. However, due to increasing air pollution in the future, it may cause harmful effects to the health of
citizen
Evaluation the relationship between psychological profile and salivary cortisol in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Get PDFJob Analysis and Effective Tasks Identification in Transferring Covid-19 in Case of Death of a Worker in a Hospital in Qazvin Province
Get PDFIntroduction: Considering the importance of identifying and tracing primary sources of Covid-19 crisis in
infection control, this study was carried out with the aim of identifying the occupational tasks effective
in transmitting Covid-19 in the event of death of a female staff in medical record unit in Shafa Takestan
Hospital (Qazvin Province).
Material and Methods: This case study was performed on the death of a 26-year-old married woman
working in the medical records department of Shafa Takestan Hospital in March 2019. After identifying
and completing the tasks, hazards analysis was performed and finally, various tasks and amount of the
Covid-19 sources were determined.
Results: Covid-19 risk sources are classified into three groups of human resources with 51 cases (38.06%),
office tools and equipment with 46 cases (34.33%) and paper with 37 cases (27.61%). Four tasks were
identified as major tasks with a 59.90% of the total number of COVID-19 risk sources. In this study, two
critical tasks were determined with the titles of “reply to requests of forensic medicine and insurance” and
“reviewing patients’ surgical reports” that contained a total of 39.06% of the Covid-19 sources.
Conclusion: The results showed that the human resources in two major tasks were the most critical
sources of Covid-19. So, the control of these critical tasks is of special importance. The results also showed
that it is necessary to transfer the special and unusual tasks to the time after the crisis, in order to reduce
the sources of Covid-19 contamination
Clinical Efficacy of the 940-nm Diode Laser in the Treatment of Recurrent Pockets in the Periodontal Maintenance Phase
Get PDFPositive Predictive Value of Panoramic Radiography for Assessment of the Relationship of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars with the Mandibular Canal Based on Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A Cross-Sectional Study
Get PDFAbstract: The aim of the present study was to assess the positive predictive value (PPV) of panoramic
radiographic signs in the assessment of the relationship between impacted mandibular third molars
(IMTMs) and the mandibular canal (MC). This cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing
102 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic radiographs of patients with IMTMs
and radiographic signs of the contact of the IMTMs with the MC on panoramic radiographs (i.e., root
apex darkening and interference with the white line). A positive relationship of the IMTM roots
with the MC based on CBCT findings was recorded as the gold standard. The PPV of panoramic
radiographic signs was calculated for the detection of the relationship of the IMTM root with the
MC. The IMTMs were in contact with the MC on CBCT scans in 90.1% of the cases. The PPV of
root apex darkening and the interference with the white line was found to be 89.09% (95% CI:
(77.75, 95.88)) and 91.48% (95% CI: (79.62, 97.63)), respectively. The MC had a buccal position in
63.7%, and a lingual position in 35.2%, of the cases. The contact of IMTMs with the MC was more
commonly seen in patients with a lingual position (100% of the samples). The IMTM root apex
darkening and interference with the white line of the MC on panoramic radiographs had a high PPV
for determination of the contact of IMTMs with the MC. Thus, presence of the above-mentioned risk
factors indicates the need for subsequent 3D radiographic assessments.
Keywords: radiography; panoramic; molar; third; cone-beam computed tomograph
Genetic diversity and antibiotic resistance of Shigella spp. isolates from food products
Get PDFThe emergence of multidrug-resistant Shigella is a significant threat to global public
health. Limited studies have investigated the incidence, antimicrobial susceptibility,
and genetic diversity of Shigella isolated from food products. Conventional culturebased, serologic, molecular, disk diffusion, PCR, and RAPD-PCR methods were used
to determine the prevalence rate, phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance
profile, and genetic diversity of the Shigella isolates from food samples including vegetable salad, ground meat, and raw cow's milk (405 samples). The prevalence rate
of Shigella in food samples was 4.44%. The incidence of S. sonnei (3.7%) was higher
than that of S. flexneri (0.74%). S. dysenteriae and S. boydii were not detected in food
samples examined. Also, no Shigella were recovered from raw cow's milk. This study
showed that the Shigella isolates were resistant to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
(83.3%), amoxicillin (66.6%), streptomycin (66.6%), tetracycline (61.1%), ampicillin
(50%), amoxicillin–clavulanic acid (50%), azithromycin (50%), and chloramphenicol
(50%) and completely sensitive to cefoxitin, cefepime, amikacin, and gentamicin.
All Shigella isolates were multidrug-resistant. We detected blaSHV resistance gene in
all isolates; however, no isolate harbored blaTEM gene. RAPD-PCR categorized the
Shigella isolates into five main clusters. The highest antibiotic resistance was observed in the isolates of cluster R4. The finding of this study also indicated an association between antimicrobial resistance profiles and genotyping properties of the
isolates. Novel food monitoring systems, including surveillance of multidrug-resistant
foodborne pathogens, especially in developing countries, are required to control the
foodborne diseases.
KEYWORDS
antimicrobial resistance, food samples, genetic diversity, Shigella specie
Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) across countries: Measurement invariance issues
Get PDFAbstract
Aim: The threats of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have caused fears worldwide. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) was recently developed to assess the fear of COVID-19. Although many studies found that the FCV-19S is psychometrically sound, it is unclear whether the FCV-19S is invariant across countries. The present study aimed to examine the measurement invariance of the FCV-19S across eleven countries.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Methods: Using data collected from prior research on Bangladesh (N = 8,550), United Kingdom (N = 344), Brazil (N = 1,843), Taiwan (N = 539), Italy (N = 249), New Zealand (N = 317), Iran (N = 717), Cuba (N = 772), Pakistan (N = 937), Japan (N = 1,079) and France (N = 316), comprising a total 15,663 participants, the present study used the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Rasch differential item functioning (DIF) to examine the measurement invariance of the FCV-19S across country, gender and age (children aged below 18 years, young to middle-aged adults aged between 18 and 60 years, and older people aged above 60 years).
Results: The unidimensional structure of the FCV-19S was confirmed. Multigroup CFA showed that FCV-19S was partially invariant across country and fully invariant across gender and age. DIF findings were consistent with the findings from multigroup CFA. Many DIF items were displayed for country, few DIF items were displayed for age, and no DIF items were displayed for gender.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the FCV-19S is a good psychometric instrument to assess fear of COVID-19 during the pandemic period. Moreover, the use of FCV-19S is supported in at least ten countries with satisfactory psychometric properties.
Keywords: COVID-19; FCV-19S; Fear of COVID-19; Rasch analysis; assessment; cross-cultural; differential item functioning
COVID-19 and Influenza Co-infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground and Aim: Co-infection of COVID-19 with other respiratory pathogens which may complicate the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of COVID-19 emerge new concern. The overlap of COVID-19 and influenza, as two epidemics at the same time can occur in the cold months of the year. The aim of current study was to evaluate the rate of such co-infection as a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods: A systematic literature search was performed on September 28, 2019 fororiginal research articles published in Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases from December 2019 to September 2020 using relevant keywords. Patients of all ages with simultaneous COVID-19 and influenza were included. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 14 software.
Results: Eleven prevalence studies with total of 3,070 patients with COVID-19, and 79 patients with concurrent COVID-19 and influenza were selected for final evaluation. The prevalence of influenza infection was 0.8% in patients with confirmed COVID-19. The frequency of influenza virus co-infection among patients with COVID-19 was 4.5% in Asia and 0.4% in the America. Four prevalence studies reported the sex of patients, which were 30 men and 31 women. Prevalence of co-infection with influenza in men and women with COVID-19 was 5.3 and 9.1%, respectively. Eight case reports and 7 case series with a total of 123 patients with COVID-19 were selected, 29 of them (16 men, 13 women) with mean age of 48 years had concurrent infection with influenza viruses A/B. Fever, cough, and shortness of breath were the most common clinical manifestations. Two of 29 patients died (6.9%), and 17 out of 29 patients recovered (58.6%). Oseltamivir and hydroxychloroquine were the most widely used drugs used for 41.4, and 31% of patients, respectively.
Conclusion: Although a low proportion of COVID-19 patients have influenza co-infection, however, the importance of such co-infection, especially in high-risk individuals and the elderly, cannot be ignored. We were unable to report the exact rate of simultaneous influenza in COVID-19 patients worldwide due to a lack of data from several countries. Obviously, more studies are needed to evaluate the exact effect of the COVID-19 and influenza co-infection in clinical outcomes.
Keywords: coronavirus, COVID-19, influenza virus, co-infection, meta-analysis, systematic revie