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Molecular and Morphological Data Confirmed First Record of Abbreviata kazakhstanica Markov and Paraskiv, 1956 (Spirurida: Physalopteridea) in Iran
Get PDFBackground: The genus Abbreviata (Spirurida: Physalopteridea) currently contains 47 species. Physalopteridae nematodes infect a large number of vertebrates, including mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. The current study is a report of the first morphological and molecular identification of A. kazakhstanica (Spirurida: Physalopteridea) in Pseudopus apodus in Iran.
Methods: Eleven road-killed P. apodus, were collected from, Iran during 2016-2018. The nematodes were isolated from stomach. After morphological study, the genomic DNA of the parasites was extracted using CTAB method. The DNA was used for PCR amplification of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1). The PCR products were sequenced, the sequence data were analyzed and multiple alignments were conducted using the Clustal Omega.
Results: After detailed microscopic examination, the A. kazakhstanica was identified. The cox1 sequences confirmed the species of helminth. The new sequences of A. kazakhstanica were submitted to GenBank under the accession number MK578751-2.
Conclusion: Regarding the limited data on parasitological status of Iranian reptiles, more specific and comprehensive investigations are needed to identify the parasitic fauna
Keywords Abbreviata kazakhstanica, Molecular identification, Pseudopus apodus, Physalopteridea, Ira
Evaluation the relationship between psychological profile and salivary cortisol in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Get PDFBackground: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the most common oral mucosal
diseases which are diagnosed with recurrent and painful ulcers. The possible association between
psychological factors and salivary stress related factors in patients with aphthous ulcers has been
discussed in various studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary cortisol level, anxiety,
and depression in patients with RAS.
Materials and Methods: In this case control study, 30 patients with RAS and 30 healthy individuals
were enrolled by matching their age and sex. Anxiety and depression were assessed by beck anxiety
inventory and beck depression inventory. Unstimulated saliva of both groups were collected and then
tested by DiaMetra kit and the ELISA method. Data were analyzed by SPSS using an Independent
t‑test and Mann–Whitney test. A statistical significance level of <0.05 was considered.
Results: The mean salivary cortisol in the case group was 5.35 ng/ml and in the control group was
4.73 ng/ml which was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in
anxiety and depression level between the two groups (P > 0.05). According to Spearman correlation
coefficient, there was an average, negative, and significant correlation between salivary cortisol and
anxiety and depression scores in the case group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: This study shows that, although the mean salivary cortisol was slightly higher in
patients with aphthous lesions, anxiety, and depression were not possible factors for RAS. There
was a moderate, negative correlation between salivary cortisol level and stress and anxiety in
patients with RAS.
Key Words: Anxiety, aphthous, cortisol, depression, saliva, stomatiti
Fear of COVID-19 and workplace phobia among Pakistani doctors: A survey study
Get PDFBackground: The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has seriously affected the lives of millions of people across the world. It has also heavily burdened healthcare professionals and the virus poses serious risks for their personal and professional lives. Therefore, the present study examined the associations between fear of COVID-19 and workplace phobia among doctors in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: An online survey was conducted among 421 doctors in Pakistan between April 10 and May 25, 2020. The Workplace Phobia Scale (WPS) and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) were the main psychometric instruments used in this study.
Results: There was a significant positive relationship between fear of COVID-19 and workplace panic anxiety and workplace avoidance behavior. Significantly higher fear of COVID-19 was found among (i) females compared to males, (ii) doctors with 5 years or less of work experience compared to those with more than 5 years, and (iii) postgraduate trainees compared with other ranks. Two groups (doctors who were above 30 years old and postgraduate trainees) were found to have higher levels of workplace phobia compared to their counterparts. Doctors with severe levels of fear of COVID-19 had significantly higher levels of workplace panic anxiety and workplace avoidance behavior.
Conclusions: Fear of COVID-19 was significantly associated with workplace phobia which may negatively affect doctors' performance. Therefore, important steps are needed to protect doctors' health by providing sufficient resources to allay their fears and anxieties which consequently help them in carrying out their frontline duties in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: Avoidance behavior; Doctors; Fear of COVID-19; Workplace panic anxiety; Workplace phobia
Communication during the initial visit to a CPAP clinic Practitioners’ experiences of facilitators and barriers when talking to patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Get PDFSummary
Adherence to continuous positive airway pressure treatment for obstructive sleep
apnea tends to be poor. Communication influences adherence but has not previously
been investigated from a practitioner perspective, although shared decision-making
is known to be of great importance. The aim was to describe how practitioners experience
communication with patients with obstructive sleep apnea during the initial
visit at a continuous positive airway pressure treatment clinic, with focus on facilitators
and barriers related to the 4 Habits Model, a communication model comprised of
four types of interrelated skills to make encounters more patient-centred: investing
in the beginning; exploring the patient perspective; showing empathy; and investing
in the end. A descriptive design with qualitative content analysis was used. A
deductive analysis was carried out based on interviews with 24 strategically selected
practitioners from seven continuous positive airway pressure treatment clinics. The
4 Habits Model was used as a framework for identifying facilitators and barriers
to communication. Investments in the beginning was described as creating contact,
showing the agenda and being adaptive, while explore the patient perspective included
showing awareness, being explorative and creating a participating climate. Show empathy
consisted of showing openness, being confirmative and creating acceptance,
while showing a structured follow-up plan, being open minded and invitational and
creating motivation to build on were descriptions of invest in the end. Awareness of
potential facilitators and barriers for patient-centred communication during the beginning,
middle and end of a continuous positive airway pressure treatment consultation
can be used to improve contextual conditions and personal communication
competences among practitioners working with continuous positive airway pressure
treatment initiation
Sleep Problems in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Bangladesh: A Case–Control Study
Get PDFBackground: Sleep problems in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are highly
prevalent, but little information is available on this issue in low- to middle-income countries
(LMIC) such as Bangladesh. Therefore, the present study investigated the prevalence and
socio-demographic determinants of ASD sleep disturbances in a comparison with typically
developing children (TDC).
Methods: A cross-sectional interview study was carried out within a total of 446
Bangladeshi mothers, whose children’s mean age was 8.1±2.9 years (151 ASD [8.5±2.7
years] and 295 TDC [7.9±2.9 years]); in addition to socio-demographics, the Child Sleep
Habit Questionnaire (CSHQ) was used, and a cut-off score of 41 out of 93 points considered
as reflecting sleep problems.
Results: About 89.7% of the children reported having problems in sleep, with ASD
reporting higher frequency vs TDC (94.00% vs 87.50%; χ2=4.678, p=0.031). The overall
mean CSHQ score was 48.7±7.6 in total sample, whereas ASD children reported higher
scores compared to TDCs (50.9±8.1 vs 47.5±7.0, p<0.001). Similarly, subscales of CSHQ
such as sleep duration (4.23±1.56 vs 3.90±1.31, p=0.017), sleep anxiety (7.23±2.05 vs 6.45
±1.92, p<0.001), night waking (3.82±1.07 vs 3.17±1.89, p<0.001), parasomnias (8.86±2.06
vs 7.85±2.27, p<0.001), and sleep disordered breathing (4.02±2.92 vs 3.43±2.07, p=0.014)
were more problematic among ASD compared to TDC. Lastly, 28.5% of ASD reported
taking sleep-related medications vs 0.3% for TDC (n=1).
Conclusion: Bangladeshi ASD children are highly likely to manifest sleep disturbances,
which warrant urgent implementation of parental educational and support programs to
mitigate the impact of sleep problems in ASD families
"بررسی شیوع آنومالی های کانال ریشه در دندان های ماگزیلا در آرشیوCBCT مرکز تصویر برداری پرتو در شهر قزوین سال 1399 تحقیق در نظام سلامت "
Get PDFارزیابی شیوع آنومالی های کانال ریشه در دندان های مندیبل در آرشیو CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY مرکز تصویر برداری پرتو در شهر قزوین سال 9911
Get PDFبررسی چالش های آزمون های آنلاین از دیدگاه دانشجویان دندانپزشکی قزوین در سال 9911 )ایام کرونا(
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