Qazvin University of Medical Sciences
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بررسی تاثیر خنده درمانی با استفاده از واقعیت مجازی برشدت علایم افسردگی بیماران مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی اساسی بستری در بیمارستان 22 بهمن قزوین سال 1398
Get PDFHydrogen sulfide attenuates induction and prevents progress of the 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinsonism in rat through activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels and suppression of ER stress
Get PDFPurpose: Studies argue in favor of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as the next potent therapeutic agent for
neurodegenerative diseases. In present study, we investigated the effect of long term treatment
with NaHS (as donor of H2S) on induction and progress of the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) -
induced Parkinsonism in rat. Methods: The 6-OHDA was injected into medial forebrain bundle of
right hemisphere by stereotaxic surgery. Behavioral tests and treatments were carried out to eight
weeks after the toxin. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were carried out to evaluate the
survival of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) -positive neurons in substantia nigra (SN) and also
expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), the
markers of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, in striatum and SN. Results: Eight weeks
assessment of the behavioral symptoms showed that NaHS especially at dose of 100 μmol/kg
attenuates remarkably induction of the Parkinsonism and prevents its progress. NaHS also
increased the survival of TH- positive neurons and suppressed 6-OHDA- induced overexpression
of GRP78 and CHOP. Blockade of ATP-sensitive potassium (K-ATP) channels with
glibenclamide (Glib) prevented markedly the effect of NaHS on both the induction phase and
survival of TH- positive neurons. But Glib did not affect the preventing effect of NaHS on the
progress phase and its suppressing effect on the overexpression of ER stress markers. Conclusion:
H2S attenuates induction of the 6-OHDA- induced Parkinsonism and also increases the survival of
dopaminergic neurons through activation of K-ATP channels. H2S also prevents progress of the
Parkinsonism probably through suppression of ER stres
Determinants of sleep habits in toddlers: Application of planned behavior theory
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Sleep health is a prerequisite for mental and physical health. The family affects the sleeping habits of the child. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the theory of mothers' planned behavior in predicting sleeping habits of toddlers. METHODS: The participants of this descriptive-analytical study were 120 mothers of 12- to 36-month-old children living in Razan, Hamadan province, Iran. Data were collected in three stages in order to develop a theory-based tool. Semi-structured qualitative interviews with mothers were conducted to investigate the application of theory in predicting mothers' intention and behavior (n = 25). The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. Test-retest method was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire at 3 weeks interval (n = 25). Validity of Structural Convergence and Divergence with Factor Analysis, Internal Consent with Cronbach's Alpha and predictive validity was determined by multiple regression coefficients (n = 120). RESULTS: The mean age of the children was 22.8 ± 7.5 months, 55% (66 children) were boys, the mean score of the children's sleep questionnaire was 49 ± 6, and the children's sleep duration was 9 ± 1 hour. Theoretical constructs have a positive and direct correlation with each other and with children's sleep habits, which demonstrates the validity of the theory in predicting toddler sleep habits. Regression analysis showed that perceived behavioral control was the strongest predictor of sleeping habits of toddlers ( = 0.446) (P = 0.000). The theory of planned behavior can explain 30.5 to 25.7% of the variance of toddler sleep habits. CONCLUSION: While recommending more comprehensive studies, the findings of the study emphasize the application of the theory of planned behavior in identifying factors influencing sleep habits and designing child sleep improvement interventions. © 2021 - IOS Press. All rights reserved.
Author keywords
perceived behavioral control; sleep habits; Theory of planned behavior; toddle
Evaluating Intra-hospital Transportation of Emergency Trauma Patients; a Cross-Sectional Study
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Cutaneous leishmaniasis as an increasing threat for Iranian travellers attending religious ceremonies
Get PDFBackground: The Islamic Republic of Iran is one of the most important endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the
world. Annually, a large number of Iranian Shia pilgrims travel to Iraq from this area in order to participate in one of their
most important religious ceremonies. This trip has coincided with the seasonal activity of sand flies in recent years. So,
cutaneous leishmaniasis could be a serious threat for pilgrims on these trips.
Aims: To report cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis among Iranian Shia pilgrims attending a religious ceremony in Iraq
during 2017.
Methods: Sixteen patients were referred to our laboratory in the Department of Parasitology and Mycology at Qazvin
University of Medical Sciences. Dermal scrapings and stained slides prepared of skin lesions were used to morphological
diagnosis. DNA extraction and PCR amplification were optimized to identification of Leishmania species.
Results: All of the patients were infected with cutaneous leishmaniasis in microscopic survey. L. major was detected by
molecular approach. The number of lesions observed in patients were 1 (31%), 2 (25%), and ≥ 3 (44%).
Conclusions: Since a large number of Shia Muslims participate in the annual religious ceremonies, serious measures
must be taken to prevent the disease
The Accuracy of Diagnosis and Treatment Made by Pre-hospital Emergency Medical Technicians in Patients Admitted to Hospitals in Qazvin, Iran
Get PDFBackground: Correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment measures of pre-hospital Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) are very important in improving the quality of patient care and reducing mortality and costs.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment made by pre-hospital EMTs in patients admitted to hospitals in Qazvin, Iran.
Methods: In this descriptive study conducted in 2018, the medical records of 600 patients who were transferred to Bu-Ali Sina and Velayat hospitals in Qazvin by ambulance during March-June 2018 were examined. Diagnosis and treatment measures were extracted from the emergency sheet. Education, work experience, and amount of in-service training of pre-hospital EMTs were also collected. Data were analyzed in SPSS V. 23 software using ANOVA, Chi-square test, and t-test.
Findings: Out of 600 cases, 71.7% of the initial diagnoses made by EMTs were correct, 8.5% were incorrect, and 19.8% were without initial diagnosis. Regarding the treatment measures, 65.8% were correct and 3.5% were incorrect.
Conclusion: Prompt help and correct diagnostic and treatment measures of pre-hospital EMTs can significantly reduce mortality and potential injuries
Molecular survey of aminoglycoside-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from tertiary hospitals in Qazvin, Iran
Get PDFAminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) and 16S rRNA methylases (16S RMTase) are two main resistance mechanisms against
aminoglycosides. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of AMEs and 16S rRNA methylase genes among aminoglycoside nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii isolates and to assess their clonal relationship using repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (rep-PCR).
In this cross-sectional study, a total of 192 A. baumannii isolates were collected from the patients hospitalized in Qazvin, Iran (January
2016 to January 2018). Identification of isolates was performed by standard laboratory methods and API 20E strips. Antimicrobial
susceptibility was determined by Kirby–Bauer method followed by examination of the genes encoding the AMEs and 16S RMTase by
PCR and sequencing methods. The clonal relationship of isolates was carried out by rep-PCR. In total, 98.4% of isolates were nonsusceptible to aminoglycosides, 98.4%, 97.9% and 83.9% of isolates were found to be non-susceptible against gentamicin, tobramycin and
amikacin, respectively. The frequencies of aph(30
)-VI, aac(60
)-Ib, aac(3)-II, aph(30
)-Ia and armA genes were 59.3%, 39.2%, 39.2%, 31.7% and
69.8%, respectively, either alone or in combination. Rep-PCR results showed that the aminoglycoside non-susceptible isolates belonged to
three distinct clones: A (79.4%), B (17.5%) and C (3.2%). The findings of this study showed a high frequency for AMEs with the
emergence of armA genes among the aminoglycoside non-susceptible A. baumannii isolates. Rational administration of aminoglycosides as
well as using an appropriate infection control policy may reduce the presence of resistance to antibiotics in medical centres
The Prevalence of Salmonella Enteritidis in Packaged and Tray Eggs Samples, Qazvin, Iran
Get PDFABSTRACT: Salmonella serotypes are considered as one of the most important foodborne pathogens. Eggs are a main source of the contamination caused by these pathogens and diseases in humans and the prevalence of the salmonellosis. This study was aimed to isolate Salmonella enteritidis from industrial eggs collected from different
areas of Qazvin city, Iran in the year 2020.In this cross-sectional study, 200 eggs were collected randomly (including 100 industrial packaged eggs and 100 industrial tray eggs) from the retail and stores located in Qazvin city, Iran. After culturing of eggshells and egg contents according to the classic methods, suspected colonies were confirmed by PCR assay. Salmonella was detected in 10% (4/40) among the egg samples. Salmonella was isolated from 0% (0/40) and 10% (4/40) of eggshells and egg contents, respectively. Isolates from positive egg samples were characterized as S. Typhimurium.Salmonella Typhimurium is the most prevalent serotype of egg contamination in Qazvin city, Iran. It can be regarded as the risk evaluation of possible human foodborne diseases associated with the consumption of contaminated eggs
Evaluating the Viewpoints of Postgraduate Health Students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences toward the Effectiveness of Health Safety and Environment Workshop in 2020
Get PDFIt is necessary for managers in all types of organizations to take an appropriate training approach in order to maintain
and promote health, achieve safety, and prevent environmental damages. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of
Health Safety and Environment training workshops from the students’ point of view to inform the relevant officials
about the participants’ opinions and make efficient decisions in order to improve the quality of training courses in the
field of health, safety, and environment. A qualitative study was conducted using face-to-face or telephone interviews
with a purposeful number of 37 students studying at the faculty of the health of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences.
To analyze data, thematic analysis using a framework approach was applied. Findings related to the students’
viewpoint about the effectiveness of the HSE workshop were presented in six main themes including satisfaction with
the educational content, awareness about HSE concepts before the workshop, the importance of HSE subject in the
participants’ field of study, important topics presented in the workshop, experience from HSE workshop, major
workshop problems, and solutions. Based on the study results, one of the key objectives of all medical universities should be training their students about health and safety matters to potentially prepare them for future job positions with maximum safe behaviors in workplaces. In fact, medical universities play a key role in developing the health and safety knowledge of students helping them in protecting themselves while working in hazardous working conditions