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Aktivitas Antimikroba Khamir Asal Dadih (susu kerbau fermentasi) Terhadap Beberapa Bakteri Patogen
Get PDFAntimicroba activity of yeast dadih (buffalo milk fermentation) origin on pathogenic bacteriaABSTRACT. Research was carried out to study the effect of antimicrobial activity of yeast found in dadih. Yeasts chosen were isolated from dadih (traditionally buffalo milk fermentation). The objective is to know the ability of yeast to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in milk. They were Candida curiosa, Brettanomyces custersii, and Kluyveromices lactis. Kluy. lactis has strong antimicrobial on Bacillus subtilis with zone of inhibition 5mm, C. curiosa on E.coli (5mm) and C. curiosa and Brett. custersii also have strong antimicrobial on S. aureus consecutively 5,75 and 7 mm. As a conclusion the result showed that all of three yeasts selected have capability to stop the growth of pathogenic bacteria of buffalo milk origin in five days
Identifikasi Sistim Produksi dan Keragaan Produktivitas Domba Ekor Gemuk di Kabupaten Brebes Propinsi Jawa-Tengah
Get PDFIdentification of production system and productivity level of fat tailed sheep in brebes regency of central javaABSTRACT. Reproductive performance is one of the main determinants of productivity of the sheep. This applies to the breeding of animal for meat production. High reproduction rates are essential for profit in meat sheep production and determined by the number of progeny delivered in a given period of time. The level of reproductive performance is dependent on the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. The evaluation of reproductive performance of a local and adapted breed of sheep such as Fat Tailed Sheep can provide important information to understand its productive potential under local production system. The study was designed to identify characteristic of production system and to find out the level productivity of Fat Tailed Sheep in Brebes areas of Central Java. Livestock On-Farm Trials (LOFT) using multistage sampling was implemented in this study. Descriptive and variance analysis using procedure of General Linear Model (GLM) was applied in this study. This study revealed that (1) In general, production system in Brebes is based on integration scheme of crop livestock in the form of traditional smallholders. In low land area, mostly extensive and tethering model were implemented. Intensive and semi intensive model was found in landless area. (2) Average litter size at birth was 1.54 head and dominated by double litter, followed by single and triplets (46.8, 47.88 and 4.29%). The highest preweaning lamb mortality was 15% with the average 8.9%. Ewe productivity ranges from 1.76-5.24 with average of 2.14 lamb/ewe/year. Least squares analysis of variance reveals that ewe reproduction rate was significantly affected by type of birth
Purifikasi Imunoglobulin Yolk Pada Ayam yang Divaksin terhadap Ekskretori/Sekretori Stadium L3 Ascaridia galli
Get PDFPurification yolk immunoglobulin of hens vaccinated against excretory/secretory Ascaridia galli L3 larvae stageABSTRACT. The main immunoglobulin fraction of poultry is called IgY, in order to distinguish it from the mammalian IgG. This article focus on purification yolk immunoglobulin of hens vaccinated against excretory/secretory Ascaridia galli larvae to obtained purity IgY. Active vaccinations with excretory/secretory antigen were applied intra muscularly of chickens with an initial dose of 80 g. The vaccinations were repeated three times with dose of each 60 g with an interval of one week. The first vaccinations were excretory/secretory antigen mixed with Fruend Adjuvant Complete and subsequently mixed with Freund Adjuvant Incomplete. Antibody response in yolk was detected at weekly intervals by agar gel precipitation test (AGPT). The chickens eggs were collected from 49 day after vaccinations. IgY was extracted from egg yolks by means of ammonium sulphate and purified using fast performance liquid chromatography (FPLC). The purity of anti-ekscretory/secretory IgY protein was determined by Bradford method ( = 280 nm). The result showed that antibody in yolk was begun detect with AGPT at four weeks after vaccination. IgY concentration after purification was 0,875 0.251 mg/ml. This study has shown that the product released in vitro by L3 stage A. galli is capable of stimulating humoral immunity by mean of producing antibody through yolk as biologic manufacturer could be a good choice
Kualitas Karkas Domba Lokal yang Diberi Pakan Jerami Padi Fermentasi dengan Suplementasi Minyak Kedelai
Get PDFCarcass quality of local sheep fed fermented rice straws supplemented with soybean oilABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to determine if supplementation of soybean oil in the ration in order to increase conjugated linoleic acid of meat has concurrent effects on carcass characteristics and qualities of thin-tailed sheep. Sheep were fed fermented ricestraws supplemented with 0, 3 and 6% soybean oil. The experimental design used was a Randomized Completely Block Design. Eighteen sheep with initial age of 6-8 months and initial bodyweight of 17.46 1.61 kg were used. The treatments consisted of soybean oil supplementation 0, 3 and 6%. Variables measured were carcass conformation, GR thickness, backfat thickness, subcutaneous fat score, and kidney and pelvic fat score. Result showed that sheep fed ration with 0 % soybean oil produced carcass with carcass conformation score of 8.50 1.05, GR thickness 11.50 1.05 mm, back fat thickness 2.67 0.82 mm, subcutaneus fat score 3.50 0.55 mm, kidney and pelvic fat score 2.00 0.00. Sheep feed ration with 3% soybean oil; carcass conformation score 8.67 1.21, GR thickness 11.67 1.21 mm, back fat thickness 2.83 0.98 mm, subcutaneus fat score 3.50 0.55, kidney and pelvic fat score 1.83 0.4. Sheep feed ration with 6% soybean oil; carcass conformation score 9.00 1.26, GR thickness 12.50 1.52 mm, back fat thickness 3.33 0.82 mm, subcutaneus fat score 3.50 0.55, kidney and pelvic fat score 1.83 0.41. Score of carcass conformation, thickness of GR, thickness of back fat, score of subcutaneus fat, and score of kidney-pelvic fat were not influenced by supplementation of soybean oil. In conclusion, suplementation soybean oil in the ration to increase conjugetaed linoleic acid has no significant concurrent effect on carcass quality characteristics of local sheep
Kemampuan Susu Fermentasi Lactobacillus plantarum Menghambat Salmonella typhymurium Secara In Vitro
Get PDFThe ability of Lactobacillus plantarum fermented milk to inhibit Salmonella typhymurium in vitroABSTRACT. This research used Lactobacillus plantarum as a milk starter (concentration 3, 4, 5 %) and incubated for 48 hours at room temperature. Observation fermented begin from the first day of this product until 7 days and its still stored at room temperature. First analysis conducted on milk in this research were Storch, pH, acidity titration, fat, and dry matter. Milk fermentation analysis of Lactobcillus plantarum including pH, degree of dornik acidity and microbe activity test. Experimental design used is Repeated Measurement with three replications. Data colected analyzed by ANOVA test. If there is significant different between treatments, followed by Least Significant Test. Complete pasteurization result test (Storch) found that milk stay white, it means that peroksidase enzyme completely disappear and milk completely pasteurization. The ability of suppressing observed by Salmonella typhymurium in Nutrient Agar and challenge with Lactobacillus plantarum fermented milk 3%, 4% and 5% (50 l/well). Tetracyline, chloramphenicol and a plain paper disc are used as control. Lactobacillus plantarum fermented milk of starter concentration 5%-first day has the biggest inhabitation zone by Salmonella typhimurium (9.39 mm). Range of pH showed between 4.84 to 4.14 and the acidity between 114.67 0D to 365.67 0D. Sensitivity test showed that Salmonella typhymurium more sensitive than chloramphenicol and tetracyline antibiotic
Keamanan Susu Fermentasi Yang Beredar Di Banda Aceh Berdasarkan Nilai Gizi dan Jumlah Bakteri Pathogen
Get PDFSafety condition of commercial fermented milk that put on the market in banda aceh based on nutritive value and pathogenic bacteriaABSTRACT. Fermented milk has much value primarily for the health of digestive system. However without hygienically and sterilized treatment it can become toxic to consumers. This research was conducted to observe nutritive value, the present of pathogenic bacteria, and the safety condition of commercial fermented milk that put on the market in Banda Aceh. Samples of commercial fermented milk tested were obtained from recognized retailers in Banda Aceh. Factorial completely randomized design with six replications was applied in this research. Variety of fermented milk products (yoghurt and drink yoghurt) was the first factor to be analyzed, and the second one was expired date of the products (the date of production and the date of by expired). The amount of crude protein and lipid, pH level, and the amount of lactic acid bacteria, Coliform and Staphilococcus aureus were the parameter determined. The variety and the expired date of the products influenced the amount of crude protein and lipid, the pH level, the amount of lactic acid bacteria, Coliform and Staphilococcus aureus in the level of highly significant different (P0,01). There was also found in highly significant interaction (P0,01) between factors that influenced the amount of lactic acid bacteria and Staphilococcus aureus. On the other hand, the amount of Coliform was not influenced by those factors. The study also results in decreasing of the amount of crude protein and lipid as well as lactic acid bacteria caused by the ongoing time of storing. The longer fermented milk was stored, the lower the level of crude protein, lipid and lactic acid bacteria presented. The lipid level of fermented milk products those put on the market in Banda Aceh have been complied with the requirement standard of SNI 01-2981-1992. However, crude protein level has not achieved the requirement standard yet. Due to the amount of Staphylococcus aureus present, the fermented milk products tested, in fact, were not saved to be consumed. On the contrary, although Coliform was also present, the products were in the category of saved to be consumed
Pola Usaha Peternakan Kambing dan Kinerja Produktivitasnya di Wilayah Eks-Karesidenen Banyumas Jawa-Tengah
Get PDFGoat farming pattern and their productivity in the area of eks-karesidenan banyumas, central javaABSTRACT. Goats play an important role in the livelihood of rural people in upland and lowland farming systems in the areas of Eks-Karesidenan Banyumas Central Java. The main focus of this study presented in this paper, consist of (i) documenting the regional goat farming pattern, and (ii) find out the level of goat productivity in their farming. Importance of this study related to the development strategic fof their goat farming. Study was conducted in the areas of Eks-Karesidenan Banyumas Central Java (consist of Banyumas, Purbalingga, Banjarnegara, and Cilacap regencies). Upland and lowland areas were selected by purposive sampling method. Qualitative and quantitative descriptive statistic was applied in this study. Most of goats are raised within traditional system, characterized by small-scale production. The production in upland and lowland areas focused on single purposes for producing kid goats from Peranakan Etawah (PE) and Jawa Randu (JR) breeds. PE goats focus on dual purposes for producing milk and meat are mostly found on upland. Flock size of PE and JR goats in upland and lowland ranges from 2 to 9 head (mean: 3.8 head) and from 1 to 6 head (mean: 2.7 head), respectively. Flock size of PE goat focus on dual purposes ranges from 8 to 75 head. PE and JR goats in upland and lowland were dominated by double litter, followed by single and triplets. The highest litter size (1.89 kids) was found in lowland, followed by single purpose of PE and JR goats in upland (1.78 kids), and dual purposes PE goats in upland areas (1.66 kids). Pre-weaning mortality was highest (9.5%) in lowland areas for single purpose of PE and JR goats. Does reproduction and productivity ranges from 1.76-5.24 kids/does/year and 12.92-87.42 kg/does/year, respectively. Doe productivity was lowest (12.92 kg/does/year) in single purpose of PE and JR at lowland due to low of their survival rate and weaning weight
Kajian Potensi Limbah Pertanian Sebagai Pakan Ternak Ruminansia di Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Get PDFEvaluation of the potency of agricultural by product as ruminant animal feed in aceh besar regencyABSTRACT. A research to evaluate the potency of agricultural by product as animal feed was conducted in Aceh Besar Regency from June to December 2009. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the availability of local feed from agricultural by product including its production and quality, to calculate animal capacity of ruminant animals by using animal unit (AU) based the production and quality of agricultural by product.This research was carried out by survey method. Data consist of primary and secondary data to calculate the production and quality of agricultural by products in Aceh Besar Regency. The production of agricultural by products was calculated based on dry matter, crude protein and total digestible nutrient. Animal capacity which is calculated based on agricultural by products with the following measurement ; 1 animal unit consumes dry matter with the average of 6,25 kg/day (2.282,25 kg/year), crude protein with average of 0,06 kg/day (240,9 kg/year) and total digestible nutrient with the average of 4,3 kg/day (1.569,5 kg/year).Based on the calculation was found that total of dray matter, crude protein and total digestible nutrient from agricultural by product in Aceh Besar regency was 197.510 ton, 9443,8 ton and 89.167,7 ton respectively. The capacity of ruminant animals fed from agricultural by product in Aceh Besar regency was 87.061 AU, 39.202 AU, and 57.125 AU for dry matter, crude protein and total digestible nutrient respectively. It can be concluded that Aceh Besar regency has a big potency to develop animal production by using agricultural by products. Therefore, agricultural by products in Aceh Besar regency should be used optimally
Kajian Aspek Reproduksi dan Estimasi Ekonomi pada Ternak Sapi yang di Inovasi Teknologi Reproduksi
Get PDFStudy of reproduction and economic estimation aspect in cow which innovated of reproduction technologyABSTRACT.Twenty cows head were used in research to know aspect reproduce and economic estimation in cow which innovated by reproduction technology. All of cows in allocated into two groups at random each 10 heads. The first group come from farmer of co-operation member of Ciamis was used as control without innovated by reproduction technology, that mean the cow was naturally of oestrous and inseminated with frozen semen not a result of separation sex. The second group come from farmer group lumba-lumba innovated with oestrous synchronization which was injected prosolvin of 7.5 mg per headl by intramuscular (i.m.) and super ovulated with injected fertagyl of 150 mg per tail by i.m., and then it oestrous was inseminated with frozen semen result of sex separation. Research result indicates that technically there were difference of performance reproduce in cow which is innovated by reproduction technology than control. It concluded that the improvement of reproduction efficiency in cow after innovated by technology of reproduction in term of type of birth in twin and increasing of male sex up to 12 percent. It is in line with the economic estimation of cow which is technological application of reproduction improves generating revenue up to 22.35 percent per month
Pengaruh Formulasi Pakan Hijauan (Rumput Gajah, Kaliandra dan Gamal) terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Bobot Karkas Domba
Get PDFThe effect of forage formulation (elephant grass, kaliandra, and gamal leaves) on the growth and carcass of sheepABSTRACT. Feed is one of most important factors to increase animal production. Feeding animal with only one kind of grass such as elephant grass on ruminant animals including sheep is not able to increase the productivity of the animals. Kaliandra and gamal leaves contain high level of protein and can be formulated to ruminant nutrition. The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of forage namely elephant grass (Penisetum sp.), kaliandra (Caliandra calothyrsus), and gamal (Gliricidia sepium) on the growth and carcass of sheep. Forty nine sheep with the starting weight of 15,42 kg (SD 2,68) were used in this experiment and fed fresh elephant grass (RGS), fresh kaliandra (KS), dried kaliandra (KKR) and steamed kaliandra (KKS). Treatment A: 70 % RGS + 30 % KS, B: 70 % RGS + 30 % GS, C: 70 % RGS + 15 % KS + 15 % GS, D: 70 % RGS + 15 % KKR + 15 % GS, E: 70 % RGS + 15 % KKS + 15 % GS. Animals were fed for 70 days and given free access of water (ad libitum). Data collection was the growth of animals (average daily gain) and the weight of carcass. All data was analyzed by ANOVA. The results of the experiment show that forage formulation (fresh elephant grass, fresh, dried and steamed kaliandra and fresh gamal leaves) were not significantly effect on the growth and carcass of sheep