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Kualitas Susu Pasteurisasi Komersil
Get PDF(The quality of commercial pasteurized milk)ABSTRACT. Pasteurized milk is processed milk through heating process at temperatures below its boiling point, therefore it still has the form and flavor of fresh milk. The quality of pasteurized milk is depend on the condition of processing and post pasteurization. Staphylococcus aureus is an indicator of milk hygiene. Ninety eight pasteurized milk samples from seven brands were collected in Jakarta and Bogor. Parameters observed were milk composition and the amount of Staphylococcus aureus in milk. The results showed that the pasteurized milk compositions (fat, protein and dry matter) were in accordance with the composition attached of the products label in SNI No.01-3951-1995 Moreover, we found that 71.4% of the samples containing Staphylococcus aureus above the milk quality standard ( 1.2 x 101 cfu/ml) according to SNI No. 01-6366-2000
Kajian Potensi Produksi Hijauan Pakan pada Lahan Eksisting dan Potensial untuk Meningkatkan Populasi Ternak Ruminansia di Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Get PDF(The study of prospective forage production on existing and potential land use to support increasing livestock population in Aceh Besar)ABSTRACT. The purpose of this research was to find out the width and scattered location of existing land use which its land capability class suitable for pastures; forage production prospective, and land carrying capacity. The combination of survey and evaluation method was used in this study. The primary data were obtained by field observation and compiling documents, while the secondary data were obtained from various sources, including Bappeda Aceh, and Dinas Peternakan Aceh Besar. Land capability classification was defined based on a modified USDA method and land capability class mapping was prepared based on overlay method by geoprocessing of Geographic Information Systems. The attributes delineating land capability classification included slope, erosion potential and soil depth. Spatial and attributes data were processed using ArcGIS 9.3. Interpretation of land use map derived from satellite imagery analysis results. Brachiaria humidicola green production (tons/year) was determined by assumption-based on obtaining data from various sources. Present livestock population and increasing of population target up to 2017 were obtained from Dinas Peternakan Aceh Besar. The results showed that the existing land use area was 28,632.23 ha (59.03 %), whereas the potential land use area was 19,875.73 ha (40.97%). Land use area for pastures in the district of Aceh Besar, both existing and potential, were sufficient to support the achievement of livestock population increasing program
Green Antibiotic Daun Sirih (Piper betle l.) Sebagai Pengganti Antibiotik Komersial untuk Penanganan Mastitis
Get PDF(Green antibiotic betel leaf (Piper betle l.) as a substitute for commercial antibiotic in mastitis treatment)ABSTRACT. The present study was carried out to investigate the possible antibacterial activity of betel leaf on the amount and microscopic appearance of mastitis-causing bacteria. The randomized block design with 5 treatment groups were : K group (mastitis milk only as negative control), Ab group (mastitis milk + antibiotic penicillin-dihydrostreptomycin as positive control), S1 group (mastitis milk + 1,25 ml betel leaf water extract), S2 group (mastitis milk+ 2,5 ml betel leaf water extract), and S3 group (mastitis milk + 5 ml betel leaf water extract). The result showed that the amount of bacteria in the betel leaves groups (S1, S2, and S3 groups) were lower (P 0,05) than that of the control group (K group). Nonetheless the different concentration of betel leaf water extract in the S1, S2 and S3 groups did not affect to the amount of bacteria (P 0,05). Moreover, this research showed that betel leaf water extract had the same effectiveness with commercial antibiotic penicillin-dihydrostreptomycin to inhibit the growth of bacteria as indicated by the same amount of bacteria (P0,05) among the betel leaf groups (S1, S2, and S3 groups) and the Ab group. Gram-positive and negative bacteria were seen in the K group. However, only Gram-negative bacteria were visible in the betel leaf groups (S1, S2, and S3 groups) and in the Ab groups, indicating that betel leaf had the same effectiveness as penicillin-dihydrostreptomycin to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria
Produk Metabolisme Rumen pada Sapi Perah Laktasi
Get PDF(Rumen metabolism product on lactating dairy cattle)ABSTRACT. The rumen microorganism, as yeast, have an important role in rumen fermentation processes and the rumen metabolism product. A research had been done to study the use of yeast, Saccharomyces cereviseae in Lactating dairy cattle ration. The research had been conducted by experimental method, in a Latin Square Design. The animal were subjected as column and periods function as row. The treatment to be tested were four levels of yeast addition, namely : 0, 5, 10 and 15 g/cattle/day. The variables measured were rumen metabolism product : Total Volatile Fatty Acids (T-VFA), Acetate (C2), Propionate (C3), Butyrate (C4), Formiate, Valerate, Nitrogen Ammonia and C2/C3. Based on the all variables measured, it was indicated that the addition of yeast Saccharomyces cereviseae up to 15 g/cattle/day have not changed the rumen metabolism product on lactating dairy cattle; although it was a normally production of total VFA (96,86 9,94 mM/L and C2/C3 (3,08 0,14), but it was very high production of N-NH3 (12,85 2,72 mM/L). To increase the efficiency of metabolism processes, it is need the addition of fermentable carbohydrate in ration
Evaluasi Kesehatan Sapi Perah
Get PDF(Health evaluation of dairy cows)ABSTRACT. This study was conducted to evaluate the health status of dairy cows in dairy barn of Animal and Agricultural Sciences Faculty, Diponegoro University. Physiological status such as rectal temperature, arterial pulse and respiratory rate were evaluated. Samples collected were feces, urine and roughage. The feces samples were analyzed using Witchlock method, the grass samples were analyzed using sedimentation method and the urine samples were observed under microscope after centrifugation at 1500 rpm. The result was analyzed using descriptive analysis. The result showed from the examination of physiology (heifer, pregnant cow and lactating cow) that the average of pulses rate was ranged respectively between 53-60 times/minutes, 53,6-55,5 times/minutes dan 55,1-58,8 times/minutes. Breath frequency was ranged between 17,1-18,1 times/minutes, 18-18,3 times/minutes and 16-17 times/minutes and rectal temperature was ranged between 38,3-38,5oC, 38,5-38,6oC dan 38,4-38,5oC. Although, there was found endoparasites of nematoda in feces, crystal (calcium oxalate monohydrate and dihydrate, struvite) in urine, and ectoparasites of ixodidae in grass but then all dairy cows evaluated during research indicated physiologically health. In conclusion : all dairy cows were physiologically health. Future examination, sanitation and treatments should be conducted to maintain the animals health
Peningkatan Kualitas Ampas Tebu Sebagai Pakan Ternak Melalui Fermentasi dengan Penambahan Level Tepung Sagu yang Berbeda
Get PDF(Improvement of fermented bagasse quality as animal feed by fermentation through administration of sago flour at different levels)ABSTRACT. Feed plays an important role in livestock production system. Due to limitation of pasture and forege areas, it needs to find new feed alternative as replacement of forage as animal feed. One of feed alternatives as replacement of forage is bagasse. Bagasse has low nutritive content and digestibility. One of the efforts to improve bagasse quality is by fermentation. The purpose of this experiment was to improve nutritive values of bagasse by fermentation method by using Trichoderma harzianum as inoculum. This research was conducted at Animal Nutrition Laboratory, Animal Husbandry Department, Agricultural Faculty, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh from January to April 2015. The experiment was designed by completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments (addition of sago flour at defferent levels); R1 control (0% sago flour), R2 (5% sago flour), R3 (10% sago flour), R4 (15% sago flour) of fermented material. Each treatment has 4 replications, therefore there were 16 units of treatment. Parameters observed in this experiment were nutritive values of fermented bagasse including the contents of dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber and ash. The results of the experiments indicated that fermented bagasse with Trichoderma harzianum by addition of various levels of sago flour had significantly effect (P0, 05) on crude fiber and ash contents. However, there were not significantly difference (P0, 05) on dry matter and crude protein contents. In conclusion, addition of various levels of sago flour by using Trichoderma harzianum at fermented bagasse was able to improve nutritive values of fermented bagasse
Perbaikan Kualitas Pakan Ayam Broiler melalui Fermentasi Dua Tahap Menggunakan Trichoderma reseei dan Saccaromyces cerevisiae
Get PDF(Feedstuff Quality Improvement of Broiler Chicken with Two-Steps Fermentation by Trichoderma reseei and Saccaromyces cerevisiae)ABSTRAK. The aim of this study was to improve the quality of animal feedstuff from agriculture waste product i.e. corn cob, tapioca solid waste and soy bean pulp by two-steps fermentation using Trichoderma reseei as cellulotlytic microorganisms and yeast Saccaromyces cerevisiae as protein source. This fermented product the was used in broiler chicken in vivo test. A Completely Randomized Design with four treatments: R0(100% basal feed/BF); R1(100% BF+10% fermented corn cob); R2 (100% BF+10% fermented tapioca solid waste); R3(100% BF+10% fermented soy bean pulp). Each treatments were replicated for 5 times. The variables response tested were quality of feedstuffs before and after fermentation of protein, NDF and ADF digestibilities on broiler chicken in vivo test. The result indicated that the protein content after fermentation has increased but reduced in NDF and ADF fiber. Two steps fermentation had not improved significantly to protein digestibility (P0.05), but basic ration with fermented soybean pulp significantly improved (P0.01) on protein digestibility
Kinerja dan Perbaikan Sistim Produksi Peternakan Sapi Potong Berbasis Kelompok di Pedesaan
Get PDF(Performance and improving beef cattle production system of farmer group based in the rural areas)ABSTRACT. The objectives of this study was to determine the performance of beef cattle farm under improved production systems of farmer group in the rural areas. Data were collected from 20 beef cattle farmer groups located in Cilacap, Banyumas, Banjarnegara and Kebumen regencies. Intervension factors such as improved production system including aspects of institutional, banking access, diversification of business, trading, and development programs. Regular reporting, interviews, field observations, and forum group discussion were implemented. Descriptive analysis was applied in this study. Variables focused on livestock production systems improvement, type and performance of development program, social resource potential and group dynamics, productivity levels, and also proposed program and recommendations of action programs. This study revealed that 10% of beef cattle farmer group implementing fattening cattle, and mostly (90%) applying combination of cow-calf operation and fattening. All of the beef cattle farmer group (100%) had a high score of social resources potential, while the group dynamics tend to stable (60%) and increased (40%). Mean of reproduction performance were 2.4 (S/C), 13.7 month (calving interval), and 76.5% (pregnancy rate). In general, BCS ranging from 4 to 7 with the highest score of 6 (45%) and followed by 7 (40%). Follow-up activities for recommendation of the action program could be the Beef Cattle Cluster Development of Farmer Group Based in the Rural Areas
Tingkah Laku Makan Sapi Peranakan Ongole yang Diberi Pakan Berbasis Jerami Padi Amoniasi Dengan Metode Pemberian yang Berbeda
Get PDF(Feeding behavior of local cattle fed based ammoniation rice straw with different feeding method)ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of feeding methods on feeding behavior include the frequency and duration of eating time, the frequency and the duration of rumination for one day, night and daytime. The study used twenty of local cattle feeder males (Peranakan Ongole) with an age range of 1.5 2 years old and initial weight were 200-273 kg. They were fed randomly with four feeding methods of top concentrate, component feeding, total mixed ration (TMR) and free choice. Thus, completely randomized design was used for this study. Data length of eating and rumination time was analyzed using analysis of variance and continuities by honestly significant difference test (HSD). The frequency of eating and rumination were analyzed using Chi square. The results showed that the treatments affect significantly (P 0.05) on spent of eating night; rumination daytime and night spent, but had no effect (P0,05) on spent of eating one day, spent of eating daytime and spent of rumination for one day. Rumination frequency one day, daytime, and night were not affected (P 0.05) by feeding method. Night rumination of feeder cattle groups fed with TMR method were longer ( P 0.05 ) compared to feeder cattle groups fed with Component Feeding and Free Choice method, but it was similar ( P 0.05 ) to feeder cattle groups fed with Top Concentrate. Between the groups feeder cattle fed with Component feeding and Free Choice were not significantly different ( P 0.05 )
Substitusi Konsentrat Protein Menggunakan Tepung Bulu Ayam yang Diolah Secara Fisiko-Kimia dan Fermentasi Menggunakan Bacillus sp. Mts
Get PDF(Protein concentrate substitution using feather meal processed by physico-chemistry and fermentatio)ABSTRACT. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of protein concentrate substitution using processed feather meal in growing layer-ration. Chicken feather meal was processed by physico-chemical techniques viz.soaking in 0.5% (b/v) NaOH and Na2S at 60C and continued by fermentation using Bacillus sp. MTS. The method was experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments that replicated for four times. The treatments tested was level of concentrate substitution i.e. 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16%. Protein concentrate substitution had no significantly effect (P 0.05) on growth, feed consumption and convertion of growing layer. Keratin meal from chicken feather can be applied in growing layer-ration 16% respectively or substitute the protein concentrate as much as 53%