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Proceedings of the 12th edition of the KONVENS conference
No full textThe 2014 issue of KONVENS is even more a forum for exchange: its main topic is the interaction between Computational Linguistics and Information Science, and the synergies such interaction, cooperation and integrated views can produce. This topic at the crossroads of different research traditions which deal with natural language as a container of knowledge, and with methods to extract and manage knowledge that is linguistically represented is close to the heart of many researchers at the Institut für Informationswissenschaft und Sprachtechnologie of Universität Hildesheim: it has long been one of the institute’s research topics, and it has received even more attention over the last few years. The main conference papers deal with this topic from different points of view, involving flat as well as deep representations, automatic methods targeting annotation and hybrid symbolic and statistical processing, as well as new Machine Learning-based approaches, but also the creation of language resources for both machines and humans, and methods for testing the latter to optimize their human-machine interaction properties. In line with the general topic, KONVENS-2014 focuses on areas of research which involve this cooperation of information science and computational linguistics: for example learning-based approaches, (cross-lingual) Information Retrieval, Sentiment Analysis, paraphrasing or dictionary and corpus creation, management and usability
ZuRecht: Neue Recherchemöglichkeiten in Korpora gesprochener Sprache für Gesprächsanalyse und Deutsch als Fremd- und Zweitsprache
Get PDFZuRecht steht für Zugang zur Recherche in Transkripten. Es handelt sich um eine prototypische Implementierung einer webbasierten grafischen Benutzeroberfläche, welche Zugriff auf Transkripte gesprochener Sprache aus dem Archiv für Gesprochenes Deutsch (AGD) des Leibniz-Instituts für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) bietet. Der Zugriff erfolgt über die neue, im Projekt „ZuMult“ entwickelte Schnittstelle zur Suche in mündlichen Korpora. ZuRecht dient einerseits der Demonstration der Möglichkeiten der neuen Schnittstelle, indem es komplexe Suchanfragen mit der speziell für die Korpusrecherche entwickelten Anfragesprache CQP auf Transkriptionen gesprochener Sprache erlaubt. Andererseits kommt ZuRecht als Erweiterung der Datenbank für Gesprochenes Deutsch (DGD) zum Einsatz und eröffnet den DGD-Nutzer:innen viele neue Forschungsmöglichkeiten, insbesondere auf den Gebieten der Gesprächsanalyse und der DaF/DaZ-bezogenen Forschung. Im Beitrag werden die Funktionalitäten von ZuRecht ausführlich vorgestellt und ihre Einsatzmöglichkeiten in den genannten Disziplinen exemplarisch vorgeführt.ZuRecht is a German abbreviation for Zugang zur Recherche in Transkripten (Engl. „search access to transcripts”). It is a prototype implementation of a web-based application providing query access to spoken language transcripts from the Archive for Spoken German (AGD) at the Leibniz-Institute for German Language (IDS). The query access happens via the new search query interface developed in the „ZuMult“ project. ZuRecht is, on the one hand, implemented for demonstration purposes — specifically to illustrate complex search queries on transcriptions of spoken language by using CQP – the query language specially developed for corpus research. On the other hand, ZuRecht is currently used to extend the Database for Spoken German (DGD) by means of several new search possibilities, which can be beneficial for conversation analysis and research related to German as a Foreign and Second Language (GFL/GSL). In this paper, we describe the new search functionalities and give examples of how ZuRecht can be applied in the research disciplines mentioned above
Documenting Unserdeutsch (Rabaul Creole German): A workshop report
Get PDFThis paper provides insights into the ongoing international research project Unserdeutsch (Rabaul Creole German): Documentation of a highly endangered creole language in Papua New Guinea, based at the University of Augsburg, Germany. It elaborates on the different stages of the project, ranging from fieldwork to corpus development, thereby outlining the methods and software background used for the intended purposes. In doing so, we also give some approaches to solving specific problems, which have arisen in the course of practical work until now
Tollpatschig interviewen oder interviewt werden – Kurzvideos im ukrainischen und deutschen Fernsehen
Get PDFKurzinterviews im Fernsehen stellen nicht nur für die kontrastive Medienlinguistik, sondern auch für die Gesprächsanalyse, Textsortenlinguistik und Pragmatik einen aufschlussreichen Gegenstand dar, besonders wenn es sich um kommunikative Abweichungen handelt. Der Beitrag stellt die Klassifizierung der Abweichungen bzw. der Deviationen in den Fernsehinterviews in Bezug auf die Kommunikation und die Sprache vor. Dabei werden die Kommunikationsdeviationen vom Standpunkt des Adressanten, des Kommunikationsprozesses, des gegenseitigen Verständnisses und des Adressaten sowie sprachliche Abweichungen betrachtet. Im Beitrag werden gemeinsame und unterschiedliche Merkmale der Deviationen in ukrainischen und deutschen Kurzinterviews im Fernsehen festgestellt, was zur Erarbeitung eines Modells der Deviationen und zu einer tieferen kontrastiven Untersuchung beider Sprachen verhilft.Short televised interviews are an interesting object of research, not only of contrastive media linguistics but also of communication analysis, text genre linguistics and pragmatics, especially as far as deviations in communication are concerned. The article offers a classification of these deviations alongside a classification of deviations in televised interviews that are connected with communication and language. Deviations in communication are observed from the point of view of the addressor, the process of communication, mutual understanding, the addressee as well as linguistic deviations. Similarities and differences between deviations in Ukrainian and German short televised interviews are identified, which enables the development of a model for deviations and a deeper contrastive examination of both languages
A large quantitative analysis of written language challenges the idea that all languages are equally complex
Get PDFOne of the fundamental questions about human language is whether all languages are equally complex. Here, we approach this question from an information-theoretic perspective. We present a large scale quantitative cross-linguistic analysis of written language by training a language model on more than 6500 different documents as represented in 41 multilingual text collections consisting of ~ 3.5 billion words or ~ 9.0 billion characters and covering 2069 different languages that are spoken as a native language by more than 90% of the world population. We statistically infer the entropy of each language model as an index of what we call average prediction complexity. We compare complexity rankings across corpora and show that a language that tends to be more complex than another language in one corpus also tends to be more complex in another corpus. In addition, we show that speaker population size predicts entropy. We argue that both results constitute evidence against the equi-complexity hypothesis from an information-theoretic perspective
Federated content search for Lexical Resources (LexFCS): Specification
Get PDFThe landscape of digital lexical resources is often characterized by dedicated local portals and proprietary interfaces as primary access points for scholars and the interested public. In addition, legal and technical restrictions are potential issues that can make it difficult to efficiently query and use these valuable resources. As part of the research data consortium Text+, solutions for the storage and provision of digital language resources are being developed and provided in the context of the unified cross-domain German research data infrastructure NFDI. The specific topic of accessing lexical resources in a diverse and heterogenous landscape with a variety of participating institutions and established technical solutions is met with the development of the federated search and query framework LexFCS. The LexFCS extends the established CLARIN Federated Content Search that already allows accessing spatially distributed text corpora using a common specification of technical interfaces, data formats, and query languages. This paper describes the current state of development of the LexFCS, gives an insight into its technical details, and provides an outlook on its future development
Was ist, was soll sein - und warum? Sprachanfragen aus empirisch-linguistischer Perspektive
Get PDFSprachanfragen als authentische Primärdaten bergen Erkenntnispotenziale für eine große Bandbreite linguistischer und transferwissenschaftlicher Forschungsfragen und Methoden. Der Beitrag skizziert diese Potenziale und legt dabei den Fokus auf wissenschaftskommunikative Prozesse im Austausch linguistischer Laien und Experten. Anhand erster Ergebnisse einer empirischen korpusgestützten Untersuchung von ca. 50.000 Sprachanfragen wird skizziert, welche Erkenntnisse aus diesen Daten für die Vermittlung von Sprachwissen in einer zunehmend digitalisierten und vernetzten Gesellschaft gewonnen werden können.Language queries as authentic primary data hold considerable potential for a wide range of linguistic and transfer science related research questions and methods. The paper describes these potentials with a focus on science communication for the exchange between linguistic laypersons and experts. Based on the initial results of an empirical corpus based study of approximately 50,000 queries on language issues, this paper outlines insights that can be gained from these data for the transfer of language knowledge in an increasingly digitized and interconnected society
Retro-sequence
Get PDFA retro-sequence is a type of sequence that is launched (or ‘activated’) from second position (Schegloff 2007: 217-219)