Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
Publikationsserver der Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg - pub H-BRSNot a member yet
7939 research outputs found
Sort by
Avoidance rather than change: What influence does the price shock for mineral oils have on the mobility behaviour of users of motorised private transport in Germany?
No full textOne of the most significant challenges facing the world today is rapid climate change and the negative effects it is having on our environment. The transport sector is responsible for high CO2 emissions, and will have to make fundamental contributions to climate goal targets in the medium to long-term future. In the past, far-reaching measures have been tested regarding how to encourage people to switch from their own cars or motorised private transport (MPT) to the more emission-friendly local public transport (PT). Previous projects have only been able to convince people to switch temporarily through subsidised public transport. Detached from the ecological aspects, the turmoil in the global economy at the end of February 2022 resulted in a price shock in mineral oil prices, which shifted the primary focus of mobility behaviour from ecological to economic concerns. The logistic regression analysis of a quantitative survey (n = 611) in Germany confirms that a large number of journeys taken via private car were saved due to the increased price. However, despite high mineral oil prices, travelling by private car remains the primary means of transport for many people. Switching to public transport is particularly noticeable among women. This is due, among other things, to their lower incomes. Contrary to results of prior studies, the present analysis shows that participants from large cities have saved fewer trips by private car compared to people living in rural areas, even though large cities generally have a denser infrastructure with a more comprehensive range of mobility options. Travel time and reliability are the main factors in our respondents' choice of transport mode and are more compatible in large cities with denser public transport than in rural areas. The avoided car journeys are predominantly in the leisure sector and have not been substituted by other means of transport
The Utopia of Universal Control: Critical Thoughts on Transhumanism and Technological Posthumanism
No full textAn intelligent battery management system (BMS) with end-edge-cloud connectivity – a perspective
No full textThe widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and large-scale energy storage has necessitated advancements in battery management systems (BMSs) so that the complex dynamics of batteries under various operational conditions are optimised for their efficiency, safety, and reliability. This paper addresses the challenges and drawbacks of conventional BMS architectures and proposes an intelligent battery management system (IBMS). Leveraging cutting-edge technologies such as cloud computing, digital twin, blockchain, and internet-of-things (IoT), the proposed IBMS integrates complex sensing, advanced embedded systems, and robust communication protocols. The IBMS adopts a multilayer parallel computing architecture, incorporating end-edge-cloud platforms, each dedicated to specific vital functions. Furthermore, the scalable and commercially viable nature of the IBMS technology makes it a promising solution for ensuring the safety and reliability of lithium-ion batteries in EVs. This paper also identifies and discusses crucial challenges and complexities across technical, commercial, and social domains inherent in the transition to advanced end-edge-cloud-based technology
Aligning Students’ Foreknowledge: A Practice Report From Third Year Elective "Laser Technology"
No full text
Speed up Multi-Scale Force-Field Parameter Optimization by Substituting Molecular Dynamics Calculations with a Machine Learning Surrogate Model
No full textMolecular modeling plays a vital role in many scientific fields, ranging from material science to drug design. To predict and investigate the properties of those systems, a suitable force field (FF) is required. Improving the accuracy or expanding the applicability of the FFs is an ongoing process, referred to as force-field parameter (FFParam) optimization. In recent years, data-driven machine learning (ML) algorithms have become increasingly relevant in computational sciences and elevated the capability of many molecular modeling methods. Herein, time-consuming molecular dynamic simulations, used during a multiscale FFParam optimization, are substituted by a ML surrogate model to speed-up the optimization process. Subject to this multiscale optimization are the Lennard–Jones parameters for carbon and hydrogen that are used to reproduce the target properties: n-octane's relative conformational energies and its bulk-phase density. By substituting the most time-consuming element of this optimization, the required time is reduced by a factor of ≈20, while retaining FFs with similar quality. Furthermore, the workflow used to obtain the surrogate model (i.e., training data acquisition, data preparation, model selection, and training) for such substitution is presented
Next-generation sequencing improves pathogen identification in odontogenic abscesses, could this affect clinical outcomes?
No full textObjectives: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of gene-based bioinformatic analysis via next-generation sequencing (NGS) compared to conventional culture and microscopy in identifying microorganisms and antibiotic resistances in odontogenic abscesses. Additionally, the influence of selected clinical indicators including prior antibiotic therapy, in-hospital antibiotic treatment, and detection of antibiotic resistance on length of stay (LOS) was analysed.
Materials and methods: In patients undergoing extraoral incision and drainage of odontogenic abscesses at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, two microbiological swabs (NGS and conventional) were taken intraoperatively from each patient. Microbial profiles and resistance patterns were assessed and correlated with clinical data.
Results: Bacteria were identified in 100% of NGS swabs compared to 68.1% in conventional swabs (p < 0.001). NGS detected a median of 8 bacterial genera per sample versus 1 via conventional methods, primarily due to superior detection of anaerobes (median 7 vs. 0). Both methods equally identified aerobic genera (median 1 each). Fungal organisms and antibiotic resistances were also more frequently detected using NGS (p < 0.001). Prior antibiotic therapy was associated with a significantly reduced LOS (p = 0.030). Neither the type of in-hospital antibiotic regimen nor the presence of resistance influenced LOS.
Conclusions: NGS substantially enhances the detection of polymicrobial communities, including anaerobes and fungi, and identifies antibiotic resistances more effectively than conventional diagnostics in odontogenic abscesses.
Clinical Relevance: NGS offers rapid, comprehensive pathogen profiling and resistance testing, supporting quick establishment of tailored antimicrobial therapy
Evaluation von Studium und Lehre ko-kreativ gestalten
No full textKo-Kreation ist im Hochschulbereich zwar angekommen, im Bereich der Evaluation von Studium und Lehre jedoch vergleichsweise wenig verbreitet. Eine allgemein etablierte Definition von Ko-Kreation existiert in diesem Kontext bislang nicht. Der Arbeitskreis Evaluation der Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften in NRW nahm dies zum Anlass seine Jahrestagung 2024 dem Thema "Evaluation von Studium und Lehre ko-kreativ gestalten" zu widmen. Der Sammelband dokumentiert die Beiträge und Diskussionen der Tagung. Er gibt Einblicke in Theorien und Praxisbeispiele und befasst sich mit der Anwendung und dem Potential ko-kreativer Ideen und Vorgehensweisen in Evaluation und Lehrentwicklung. Die Herausgeber*innen führen zunächst aus, in welch vielfältiger Form ko-kreative Konzepte und Methoden in Lehre, Curriculums- und Organisationsentwicklung an Hochschulen Einzug gehalten haben, und reflektieren die Chancen und Herausforderungen für das Feld der Evaluation und Qualitätsentwicklung. In weiteren Beiträgen werden ko-kreativ angelegte Evaluations- und Entwicklungsprojekte, ko-kreative Elemente in der Qualitäts- und Studiengangsentwicklung sowie ko-kreative Ansätze in der Lehrveranstaltungsevaluation vorgestellt und diskutiert