Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
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Richtlinie zur Gewährung eines Promotionsüberbrückungsstipendiums an der Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
No full textRichtlinie zur Verleihung der Bezeichnung "Honorarprofessorin" oder "Honorarprofessor" der Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
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Glycine N ‐Acyltransferase Deficiency due to a Homozygous Nonsense Variant in the GLYAT : A Novel Inborn Error of Metabolism
No full textThe enzyme glycine N-acyltransferase (GLYAT) plays a crucial role in detoxifying both xenobiotic and endogenous compounds that contain a carboxylic acid group, such as benzoic acid. Data on the impact of human GLYAT on the glycine conjugation pathway is limited and difficult to determine. In this study, we present a 5.7-year-old girl with gross motor delay first noticed at age 5 months and speech delay evident at the time of diagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, no case of GLYAT enzyme deficiency has been reported to date. Whole exome sequencing (WES) identified a homozygous nonsense variant (NM_201648.3: c.322C>T: p.(Q108Ter)) in the GLYAT that abolished GLYAT activity in vitro. The detected variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The patient was treated with pantothenic acid and a mitochondrial cocktail consisting of coenzyme Q10, vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, C, folate, and carnitine, together with a low-protein diet, which led to the alleviation of edema and hypotonia and an improvement in her motor function and social interactions. Her serum glycine level was also normalized. This case identifies a novel homozygous nonsense variant in the GLYAT, leading to glycine N-acyltransferase enzyme deficiency and associated developmental delays
Combined Influence of Stretch-Bending Straightening and Ageing on the Tensile Properties of Packaging Steels
No full textStretch-bending straightening is used to ensure the desired flatness properties of packaging steel in the final stage of semi-finished product manufacturing. Not only is the flatness of the steel affected by the alternating bending load and the tensile load during the stretch-bending straightening process, but the mechanical properties also change depending on several factors. It was found out that the stretch-bending straightening parameters, the temper-rolling degree and the amount of interstitial elements have an influence on this change in mechanical properties. A follow-up ageing process, after stretch-bending straightening, also has a significant impact on this change. Based on these observations, a multivariate prediction model is developed describing the dependence between straightening parameters and resulting yield strength characteristics in non-aged and aged conditions for three different packaging steels
Fast and safe detection of sensitive explosives via pulsed raman spectroscopy
No full textRaman spectroscopy is one of the most established methods for the rapid and reliable detection of explosives and other hazardous chemicals. It enables first responders to identify suspicious substances quickly and remotely, avoiding direct contact with potentially dangerous or explosive substances. Present systems available on the market nowadays are small and light enough for mobile use in many applications. However, the measurement of dark coloured substances like black powder or other sensitive explosives harbours the risk of ignition. This is particularly the case if the measurement spot is not changed during the procedure. High absorption of the laser energy usually leads to a strong heat development in the analysed material, leading to decomposition or even ignition of the substance. To overcome this challenge, this work focuses on experiments with a pulsed nanosecond laser with optimized repetition rate and beam fluence. Different sensitive explosive materials such as triacetone triperoxide (TATP), black powder and mixtures of both are irradiated with pulsed laser light to perform Raman analyses. Results show the capability of the presented method to obtain high-quality spectra in short measurement times without any observed ignition of the sensitive explosive material. In addition, the influence of ambient light on the detection performance is evaluated and can be minimized. Further efforts are being made to miniaturize the entire laboratory set-up in order to take first steps towards the development of a portable device
Efficient parameter identification in nonlinear multi-body dynamics through frequency response and harmonic distortion analysis
No full textThis paper presents a methodology to identify sensitive parameters in nonlinear multi-body dynamic systems. It aims to reduce computational cost by minimising the number of numeric calculations required for statistical evaluation, while reliably identifying significant influencing parameters. The proposed approach consists of three major steps: In the first step, a design space analysis based on the frequency response function pre-filters parameters with negligible influence. It verifies the model’s validity across the parameter space for linear dependencies. The second step applies the design of experiments based on the total harmonic distortion to investigate the nonlinear effects of the retained parameters. The third step uses a multiple linear regression analysis to estimate and validate the non-measurable or virtual parameters by identifying linear and multifactorial relationships. This integrated approach reduces the required number of simulations, while the application of the frequency response function and the total harmonic distortion as part of a cost function enables robust statistical evaluations. The methodology is validated by comparing simulation and experiment using a consistent setup, in which a small shaker excites the system with a logarithmic chirp signal. The resulting spectrograms of simulated and measured acceleration signals reveal comparable trends, including observable higher harmonics. These similarities indicate the validity of the method, while discrepancies in the absolute values between simulation and experiment can be attributed to inaccurate model assumptions. Thus, future research could consider testing a simplified or refined benchmark system to further investigate the applicability of the approach
Bionik: Bionisches Konstruieren verstehen und anwenden
No full textDieses Lehrbuch erklärt anschaulich Anwendungen aus der Bionik an zahlreichen Beispielen und vermittelt eine Vorgehensweise für die Identifizierung biologischer Lösungen und deren Übertragung auf technische Anwendungen. Basisinformationen der Biologie und Grundlagen der Konstruktionstechnik gewährleisten einen leichten Zugang zum Stoff. Mit dem 3D-Druck als Schlüsseltechnologie und der Thematisierung der Nachhaltigkeit geht das Buch zudem auf aktuelle Entwicklungen ein. Dieser ganzheitliche Blick soll Leser*innen zur Durchführung bionischer Projekte befähigen und motivieren. Die vorliegende Auflage wurde überarbeitet und aktualisiert und um die Themen "Biologische Regeneration" und "Bionik anwenden mit KI" sowie um neue Beispiele ergänzt. (Verlagsangaben
Interpretable Sexism Detection with Explainable Transformers
No full textWith the widespread growth of social media platforms, instances of racism, cyberbullying, and the use of offensive language have surged. Consequently, women face challenges stemming from the presence of sexist content, which not only impedes their self-improvement but also exacerbates feelings of anxiety. Recognizing online sexism as a harmful phenomenon, the need for an automated tool to detect it has become paramount. This paper proposes an automated framework for extracting insights and identifying sexist language with high accuracy, utilizing machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and transformer-based models. Then, we incorporate the explainable AI (XAI) technique to enhance interpretability and make it more understandable to humans. To assess the performance of our method, we conducted experiments using a publicly available dataset focused on sexism. The experimental results underscore the effectiveness of our approach in detecting online sexism, surpassing the performance of several state-of-the-art methods