Jurnal ILMU DASAR
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Composition Of Mangrove Species On Ngurah Rai Mangrove Forest Pemogan Village, Denpasar Selatan District, Denpasar Municipality, Bali Province
Get PDFThe research on analysis of composition of mangrove forest vegetation is a fundamental that can be used toutilize mangrove forest. The research was carried out at Ngurah Rai Mangrove forest, Pemogan village,Denpasar Selatan district, Denpasar Municipality, Bali province be using systematic plot sampling method. Theresearch result showed that there are seven kinds of mangrove tree found, such as Soneratia alba (L.) Blanco,Rhizophora apiculata BL., Avicennia alba Blume, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk., Xylocarpusmoluccensis (Lam.) M. Roem., Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco, and Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Robinson.Number of S. alba (L.) Blanco growth increase from sea to land. The highest important value was found in S.alba (L.) Blanco
The Effect of Synthetic Estrogen on Hepar Stucture And Level of SGOT and SGPT of Balb’C Female Mice (UMus musculus)
Get PDFThe objectives of this study were to observe the effect of synthetic estrogen (diethylstilbestrol/DES) on hepar structure and level of SGOT as well as SGPT of female mice (Mus musculus). Mice were gavage by DES dose 0.084 μg/g bb, 0.168 μg/g bb, 0.336 μg/g body weight, sesame oil and control. DES was treated by gavage for 15 days. Observation were performed liver structure contain of number of normal hepatocyte, and hepatocyte disruption (picnosis, vacuole cell, and necrosis), also SGOT-SGPT level. The result showed that DES effected to the disruption of hepatocyte particularly necrosis was relativity high in 0,168 μg/g bb DES treatment. SGOT and SGPT level on blood increased after DES treatment.Â
Seasonal Multivariat Time Series Forecasting On Tourism Data by Using Var-Gstar Model
Get PDFThis research intends to study a new approach VAR-GSTAR (Vector Autoregressive-General Space-Time Autoregressive) model for forecasting seasonal multivariate time series. The parameters of the model are estimated by Least Squares method. In this research, we also derive the asymptotic properties of the parameter estimator, which yield the consistency and multivariate normal asymptotes distribution. Based on those properties, we build the procedure for finding the best model in seasonal multivariate time series, and then apply it on the number of foreign tourists in Yogyakarta and Bali data. The result from VAR-GSTAR model is compared with the result from the standard multivariate time series. The comparison result demonstrates that the procedure of VARMA model can not carry out the seasonal lags on the order of the model. This problem can be handled by the VAR-GSTAR model. The interpretation of VAR-GSTAR model is more realistic than that of VARMA model, i.e. the number of foreign tourists in Yogyakarta depends on that in Bali, but not the opposite, whereas VARMA model yields the opposite result. Additionally, the result of forecast accuracy comparison on tourism data in Yogyakarta and Bali shows that VAR-GSTAR model give better forecast than VARMA model.Â
In Vitro Acitivities Test of Papaya Leaf Extract (Carica papaya. LINN) as an Antimalaria Agent
Get PDFBased on WHO’s estimation, there are at least 300-500 million people in the world infected by Malarian disease every year, 110 million people show the symptom, and 2.7 million people died. People who suffer from malaria in Kairatu regency are 1.296 people. Therefore, the invention of Malarian medicines is hoped to provide new medicine with mechanism and potential target and safe for the society. The objective of this study is to find out the role of extracted papaya’s leaf Cibinong and Solo Variety as antimalaria. The method is laboratory experimental, which is the sample of papaya’s leaf about 400 gram taken from Kairatu regency Maluku Province. Parasite used is Plasmodium falciparum strain G2300. antimalaria activity test in vitro is done toward the result of extracted papaya’s leaf dissolved in DMSO then it is done on flat titer with 24 holes. With level of parasitemia 1% and hematokrit 5%, and then is counted the percentage of parasitemia and growth percentage. Antimalaria test result on papaya’s leaf Cibinong variety with probit program show the value of IC50, 2.7821nanog/ml and Solo variety of Papaya is IC 50, 2.14279, in other word, that cibinong veriety and solo in vitro is active as an antimalaria.Â
Study of Phosphate Compounds in Sediment and Water Using Diffusive Gradient in Thin Films (DGT) Technique
Get PDFThe algae blooming, which is well known as eutrophication, becomes major problem for most water systemsaround the world. Even though orthophosphate caused eutrophication has been removed, eutrophication couldstill occur seasonally due to the act of sediment as a source and sink of phosphate compounds. Foreutrophication monitoring, the needs of information of concentration and type of phosphates species areimportant. To minimize contamination and to gain better understanding of sediment-water interaction, the in situtechnique of DGT has been used for determining the concentration and species of phosphates in sediment andoverlying water. The results showed that the concentrations of FRP and FOP in sediment approximately were 3mg/L and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. Under anoxic condition, phosphates could be released from sediment anddiffused into overlying water which was shown by relatively high concentration of phosphates in overlyingwater. Mineralization of FOP has occurred under anoxic condition which was agreed with an increase of FRP atdepth of sediment. The residue of refractory organic phosphates species were detected at depth sediments alongwith the end group of polyphosphate at deeper sediment. By understanding the role of sediment, its interactionwith overlying water and determining the phosphates concentration and species, eutrophication could becontrolled
The Role Of Lycopene to Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta (Nf-κB) Activities and Intracellular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (Icam-1) Expressions on Leptin-Induced Endothelial Cell
Get PDFThere is adipocytokine dysregulation on obesity such as amplified leptin, and reduced adiponectin at serum levels . Leptin has been proved to increase oxidative stress in endothelial cell. The adipocyte functions as an important secretory organ via nuclear factor-κ B (NF-κB) releasing a number of bioactive molecules such as leptin. Lycopene, an antioxidant, is presumed having the ability to block the atherogenesis mechanism, which is stimulated a proinflamatory cytokine and adhesion molecules ICAM-1 by NF-κB. Therefore, the aim of this research was to prove and to determine whether lycopene could decrease the NF-κBandICAM-1 expressionin Human Umbillical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) culture induced by 500 ng/mL leptin. In vitro study used primary culture of the HUVECs were devided in to 7 groups, there were (1) 0 ng/mL leptin and 0 μM lycopene, (2) induced by 500 ng/mL leptin for 12 hours, (3) induced by leptin and lycopene with concentration 10; 25; 40; 55 and 75 μM for 12 hours. Then the identification of NF-κB was applied by using imunocytochemistry compared with ELISA procedure on cell endothel culture lysate and ICAM-1 expression was measured by using RT PCR. It was showed that lycopene 25 μM decreased NF-κB level and ICAM-1 expression significantly in Human Umbillical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) culture induced by leptin 500 ng/mL.Leptin was increased NF-κB and ICAM-1 expression in HUVECs culture and was decreased by lycopene. Optimum dose of lycopene is 25 μM
Study on Food Habits of Moustached Thryssa (Thryssa Mystax) at Ujung Pangkah Waters, East Java
Get PDFMoustached thryssa is one of an important fishery commodity in ujung pangkah waters. The study aimed toinvestigate food habits of the fish caught in the area. This study was conducted in ujung pangkah waters, gresik,east java using fish samples (n=76 males, n=119 females) collected during january to june 2006. Research resultshows that shrimps was a main food, bivalva and parts of crustacean were complementary food, while copepodsand pollychaeta were suplementary food both for male and female fish. Based on index of stomach contents, theindex was higher during january and april for male and female fish. Percentage of food of the fish variedaccording to size. According to simmilariy index, the main food of male and female fish was simmilar.Â
Insecticidal Bufadienolides from The Leaves of Kalanchoe daigremontiana (Crassulaceae)
Get PDFKalanchoe is the biggest genera of Crassulaceae family and distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. This genera is found to be a rich source of biologically active natural products such as triterpenes, flavonoids and steroids. As a part of our continuing search for novel insecticidal compounds from Indonesian Kalanchoe plants, we examined Kalanchoe daigremontiana collected from Bandung region, West Java, Indonesia. The methanolic extract of the dried leaves of K. daigremontiana was concentrated and extracted with methylene chloride The methylene chloride extract exhibited an insecticidal activity toward silkworms. The methylene chloride extract was partitioned between n-hexane and methanol containing 10% water. The active lower layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. By using the insecticidal activity to follow the separations, the ethyl acetate fraction was separated by combination of column chromatography on Kieselgel 60 and ODS to afford two insecticidal bufadienolides 1 and 2. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis (UV, IR, NMR, 2D-NMR) and comparison with those related data previously reported. In this paper, the isolation, structural elucidation, and insecticidal activities against the third instar larvae of silkworm will be described
A Lamp Controller via Missed Calls Based On The Microcontroller AVR AT90S2313
Get PDFMissed calls have a potential for low-cost control and monitoring of a remote instrumentation system as compared to SMS (Short-Message Service) and DTMF (Dual-Tone Multiple Frequencies). The design of an instrumentation system model in which a set of lamps can, remotely, be turned on/off just by issuing a set of unanswered calls and the programming of the AT90S2313 microcontroller to serve the purpose of controlling and status monitoring of a set of six lamps (AC bulbs) are presented in this paper. Two cellular phones are used: one as the calling phone, and the other as the receiving end (the transceiver). The transceiver is attached to the microcontroller circuitry. The calling phone issues two sets of RINGs and the transceiver is programmed to disregard any RING. The first set of RINGs is interpreted as a command to select one of the six lamps, then the second set of RINGs constitutes a command to turn the selected lamp on/off. This is possible because the cellular system records the number of RINGs before a call qualifies as a missed call.The system has successfully been built, tested, and proven to work well. The limitation is, apart from the GSM signal availability, the inability of the current system to verify/authenticate the calling phone number.Â
Spline Estimator in Multi-Response Nonparametric Regression Model
Get PDFIn many applications two or more dependent variables are observed at several values of the independent variables, such as at time points. The statistical problems are to estimate functions that model their dependences on the independent variables, and to investigate relationships between these functions. Nonparametric regression model, especially smoothing splines provides powerful tools to model the functions which draw association of these variables. Penalized weighted least-squares is used to jointly estimate nonparametric functions from contemporaneously correlated data. In this paper we formulate the multi-response nonparametric regression model and give a theoretical method for both obtaining distribution of the response and estimating the nonparametric function in the model. We also estimate the smoothing parameters, the weighting parameters and the correlation parameter simultaneously by applying three methods: generalized maximum likelihood (GML), generalized cross validation (GCV) and leaving-out-one-pair cross validation (CV).Â