Jurnal ILMU DASAR
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Identification of Aquifer in the MIPA Faculty - University of Jember Using 1D Geoelectrical Resistivity Method with Schlumberger Array
Full text linkFaculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Jember located in Sumbersari District with lithological conditions in the form of volcanic rocks, lithosol soils, and regosol soils that are capable of absorbing water and potentially as aquifers. In point of fact, in the campus zona of the University of Jember including in the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, there is always a shortage of freshwater for various academic and non-academic activities. Therefore, research needs to be conducted to assess the lithology of subsurface structures in the FMIPA zone so that the depth of groundwater layers and aquifer layers can be determined. The study was conducted using the Schlumberger array geoelectric resistivity method at 5 VES points. The results obtained in the form of resistivity log curves can be seen that at the five points VES has lithology in the form of clay, gravel, sandstone, and groundwater layer. Each VES point was identified the groundwater layer and some of them were identified as aquifers. The aquifer with the greatest thickness is found at point VES 2, which is to the west of the Baitul Ilmi Mosque, so it is recommended as the location of a new well.Keywords: lithology, aquifers, geoelectric resistivity method, groundwater
Analysis of Secondary Metabolites of Shoot, Callus Culture and Field Plant of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat
Full text linkThe chrysanthemum plant (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) contains many secondary metabolites such as flavonoids and various volatile compounds that can be utilized as drugs. Tissue culture can be an alternative to enhance the production of certain secondary metabolite. The study aimed to determine the types of secondary metabolites that contained in shoot culture, callus and field plants of C. morifolium. The research method was exploration in the laboratory to analyze and compare the content of secondary metabolite from shoot culture, callus and field plants of C. morifolium. Callus was induced by explants of C. morifolium plantlet stems and leaves respectively on MS medium with an addition of 3 ppm 2,4-D + 2 ppm kinetin and 4 ppm 2,4-D. For shoot culture, single nodule explants with one leaf were planted on MS media with the addition of 1 ppm BAP. The secondary metabolite compouds were analized and identified by GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). The results showed that various types of secondary metabolites contained in shoot culture, callus and field plants of C. morifolium. In callus culture from leaf explants, four compounds from groups of alcohol, acetic acid and organosilicon were identified, whereas in callus culture from stem explants were identified eight compounds from aldehydes, esters, alkanes, and carboxylic acids group. In the shoot culture, nine compounds of alcohol, ketone, aldehyde, cycloalkane and organosilicon group were identified, while in the field plants five compounds were identified from the cycloalkanes, ketones, organoborones and organosilicon group. Some detected compounds have a potential as precursors of alkaloid, phenolic, and flavonoid.Keywords: chrysanthemum, culture, shoots, callus, secondary metabolites
Humic Acid Isolation from Batujai Dam Lombok Tengah-NTB and its Potential as Reductive–Biosorbent Au(III) in The Batch System
Full text linkThe Study of Au(III) ions adsorption by humic acid in batch system has been done. Humic acid was isolated from Batujai Dam Lombok Tengah 0.1 M NaOH and continued with 0.1 M HCl/0.3 M HF washing to dissolve silica. Functional groups of isolated humic acid was investigated by FTIR Spectroscopy and the adsorption process was studied by XRD and SEM analyses. It has been found that humic acid contained carboxylic, phenols, alcoholic, ether, amines functional groups, aliphatic hydrocarbon and aromatic ring. XRD and SEM data showed that humic acid did not only adsorp Au(III) ions but also reduce them to gold particles. Therefore, humic acid has the potential as reductive-biosorbent for Au(III) in batch system. Keywords: humic acid, reductive-biosorbent, Au(III) ions
Optimization of Povidone K-30 and Sodium Starch Glycolate on Levofloxacin Tablet by Factorial Design
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of binder and disintegrant excipients toward tablet properties of levofloxacin as the latter tends to suffer brittle fracture upon compression. The excipients used were povidone K-30 as the binder and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) as the disintegrant which the tablets were formulated according to factorial design 22 with two factors and two levels on each factor. Four formulas were prepared by wet granulation method using 2 and 4% of each povidone K-30 and sodium starch glycolate in various compositions. Tablet properties were evaluated for its hardness, friability, and disintegration time as well as dissolution profile. The data obtained was statistically analyzed using Minitab® 17 software to optimize the formulation and resulted in different impacts caused by each excipient. Povidone K-30 exhibited an increment in hardness, friability, disintegration time but a decrease indissolution profile of levofloxacin tablet. SSG decreased hardnessand disintegration time, but increased friability and dissolution profile of levofloxacin tablet. Overlaid contour plot showed that the optimal formula regarding tablet properties of friability, disintegration time, and dissolution profile is in composition of 2.01% povidone K-30 and 2.01% sodium starch glycolate. Keywords: levofloxacin tablet, povidone K-30, sodium starch glycolate, factorial design
Synthesis of Bi4Ti3O12/TiO2 Composite using Sonication Method
Full text linkComposite Bi4Ti3O12/TiO2 heterojunction photocatalyst has been prepared by sonication methods. The heterojunction material Bi4Ti3O12/TiO2 was synthesized using an ultrasonic cleaning bath for 4 hours, by mixing Bi4Ti3O12 and TiO2 with variations in the comparison of mol 1:1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6. Characterization with XRD showed heterojunction material consisting of Bi4Ti3O12, anatase, rutile, and Bi12TiO20. The surface was observed by SEM which showed the morphology of Bi4Ti3O12/TiO2 were spherical TiO2 and plate-like Bi4Ti3O12. The band gap energy of heterojunction material with a variation in mol Bi4Ti3O12: TiO2 of 1:1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6 are 3.09; 3.10; 3.15; and 3.16 eV respectively. The all of band gap energy is lower than the band gap energy of TiO2 anatase and higher than the band gap energy of Bi4Ti3O12.Keywords: composite photocatalyst, heterojunction, sonochemical, Bi4Ti3O12, TiO2
Molecular Characteristics of Cassava Carvita 25 Somaclonal Variant Using SSR Marker
Full text linkCassava is one of the most important food commodities besides rice and corn. Carvita 25 is a somaclonal variation that was induced from Adira IV cassava variety. Our study aimed to analyze the genetic differences of Carvita 25 compared to Adira IV by using SSR markers. Two cassava varieties, Carvita 25 and Adira IV, were used as plant materials and eleven SSRY primers were used to amplifythe fragments of cassava DNA. The results showed that SSRY 151 primer produced the highest polymorphic band (85.71%) where 6 out of 7 alels were polymoprphics with the length size from 120 to 600 bp. Of the total 56 of polymorphic bands, 26 alels were previously present in Adira IV but then it can not be found in Carvita 25, while 30 other bands were new fragments that were previously not present in Adira IV but then were present in Carvita 25. These genetic differencesof both Adira IV and Carvita 25 were also strengthened by the Jacard similarity value. The Jaccard similarity between Carvita 25 and Adira IV were 0.40-0.50, while the similarity between plants of Carvita 25 were 0.79-0.87, and in plants of Adira IV were 0.98- 1.These values showed thewide genetic difference between Adira IV and a somaclonal variation of Carvita 25.Keywords: cassava, Carvita 25, polymorphic, somaclonal variation, SSR Marker
Effect of Red Dragon Fruit Extract as Dye in Solar Cells
Full text linkAlong with the development of nanotechnology, the development of solar cells entered a significant stage with the emergence of the newest generation, namely DSSC (Dye Sensitized Solar Cell). The utilization of dragon fruit skin which has been extracted as dye in dye sensitized solar cells and solar cell development to realize sustainable energy supply is the main target in this study. The method carried out begins with the synthesis of nanoparticles from organic material (TiO2), to obtain good TiO2 material as an anti-reflection, where anti-reflection is selected on DSSC technology to reduce light reflection in the visible light region. The crystal size of TiO2 was analyzed as an oxide layer material in DSSC. DSSC synthesis was carried out and the parameters of organic solar cell devices (DSSC) were optimized to obtain solar cells with good conversion efficiency. The results showed that the size of TiO2 obtained was an average of 0.211 nm and the maximum wavelength value of the extract of the dragon fruit dye solution was 530 nm. Keywords: dye, solar cell, DSSC, TiO2
The Application of UTY and SRY Molecular Markers for Determination of Unknown Sex Samples in Bali Cattle
Full text linkAn investigation involving large number of animals is often resulting incomplete or in accurate information such as animal parentage, or misidentify on sex due to unlabeled sex samples. A PCR method by applying Y chromosome markers (UTY and SRY) facilitates in determination of unknown sex problem. This study was intended to determine sex from unlabelled sex of blood samples by applying PCR method using a pooled-DNA template. Twenty five of unknown sex blood samples from Nusa Penida, Bali were used in this study. The samples were plotted into 5 pooled-DNA whith each pool DNA consisted of 5 individuals DNA. Two pairs of sex primers, UTY (58oC) and SRY (60oC) with 35 cycles were applied to amplify the samples. The result showed there was only one pooled-DNA (P4) amplified by UTY (484bp). Whereas re-PCR of the positive pooled-DNA (P4) using SRY primer, only one out of 25 samples determined as male Bali cattle (325bp). This finding suggests that UTY and SRY primers are suitable for sex determination and the pooled-DNA could be used as an efficient PCR method both in consumables and PCR process for sex determination. Keywords: Determination, sex, unknown sample, pooled DNA, Bali cattle
