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Public Health Nursing Program Students Self-Evaluation of Practical Competency for Public Health Nurses and Achievement Level at Graduation During Covid-19 Pandemic: Comparison of Achievement Levels at Graduation Between On-campus Online Training Group and On-site Training Group
Get PDFapplication/pdfA 大学の保健師課程における新型コロナウイルス感染症対応時期の卒業時到達度の分析及び実習方式の違いによる比較を行い，教育効果を考察することを目的に，保健師課程履修生を対象とした質問紙調査を行った。その結果，卒業時到達度の中央値は，個人／家族を対象とする活動 65 項目では，指導の下で実施できることを示す 2.0点台が 61.5％と最も多く，集団／地域を対象とする活動 97 項目でも，同様に 2.0 点台が 52.6％で最も多かった。学内オンライン実習群と臨地実習群の卒業時到達度の中央値の比較では，「顕在化している健康課題を明確化する」「健康課題について優先順位を付ける」「健康教育による支援を行う」を含む 7 項目に有意差があり，全て臨地実習群が学内オンライン実習群よりも到達度が高かった。これらの項目は，実習でフィードバックを受けることで現実に合った知識や技能を学んでいく過程が到達度の向上に影響したと推測した。This study analyzed the achievement level at the time of graduation in the public health nurse program at University A during the Covid-19 and to compare the level of achievement in different practice methods, and to examine their educational effects. This study used a questionnaire survey of students enrolled in the public health nursing program. A questionnaire survey was administered to students enrolled in the public health nursing program. The median achievement level at graduation was 2.0 for 61.5% of the 65 items targeting individuals and families, indicating that students were able to perform the items under guidance. Similarly, this was 2.0 for 52.6% of the 97 items targeting groups and communities. A comparison of the median achievement level at graduation between the on-campus online and on-site training group showed significant differences in seven items, including “clarify emerging health issues,” “prioritize health issues,” and “provide support through health education,” all of which were scored higher by the on-site training group than the on-campus online training group. It is suggested that these items were influenced by the process of learning knowledge and skills that match reality by receiving feedback in the practical training, which improved the level of achievement.departmental bulletin pape
Preference characteristics of simmered dishes cooked in a household gas Dutch oven
Get PDF本研究では，家庭用ガスダッチオーブンで調理された料理の特徴を明らかにすることを目的に，家庭で調理されることが多い煮物を対象として検討を行った。その結果，ダッチオーブンで調理した煮物は，鍋での調理と比較して，煮汁量が多く，固形物量が少なく，また，煮汁中のナトリウム，アミノ酸量が多いことが示された。また，官能評価の結果から，ダッチオーブンで調理した煮物は，煮汁および食材の呈味を感じやすく，味が深く，好ましいと評価されることが示された。これらの結果は，鍋中の空間温度が高く，温度変化が緩慢であるダッチオーブンでの調理において，組織軟化と水分溶出が著しいことに起因すると考えられた。In this study, we aimed to clarify the characteristics of dishes cooked in a household gas Dutch oven by examining simmered dishes, commonly cooked at home. The results showed that simmered foods cooked in a Dutch oven contained more broth, less solids, and more sodium and amino acids in the broth compared to those cooked in a conventional pot. The sensory evaluation results also indicated that the simmered dishes cooked in the Dutch oven had a deeper and more favorable taste, and the taste of the broth and ingredients were more easily perceived. These results were attributed to the significant tissue softening and moisture elution that occur during Dutch oven cooking, in which the space temperature is high and the temperature change is gradual.departmental bulletin pape
Awareness and acceptance of dysphagia rehabilitation:Focusing on dysphagia diet
Get PDFapplication/pdf言語聴覚士として就業し，摂食嚥下リハビリテーション ( 摂食嚥下リハ ) に携わってから満 40 年を迎えたのを機に，摂食嚥下リハ開始の契機となった症例について述べた。また，当研究室にて行った研究結果を基に，対象者の高齢化に伴う喫食率の低下や，その原因となる高齢者の食嗜好と摂食嚥下機能低下の自覚困難との関連，摂食嚥下障害対応食品に対する高齢者の心理的反応について概述する。さらに，窒息事故の予防を考慮した餅代替食品の試作と物性測定・官能評価結果から，高齢者が摂食嚥下障害対応食品の受容が困難な要因の一端を推測した。一方，摂食嚥下障害対応食の受容が可能であった事例から示唆される必要な視点についても述べた。摂食嚥下リハは，保健福祉分野ではほぼ普及しつつある。一般市民においても誤嚥性肺炎や液体へのトロミ添加などの語は普及しつつあるが，摂食嚥下リハや人工的水分・栄養補給法 (AHN) に対する適切な理解と受容が普及したとは未だ言い難い現況についても触れる。On the occasion of my 40th anniversary as a speech-language-hearing therapist and my involvement in dysphagia rehabilitation, I describe the first dysphagic patient for me. Based on the results of research conducted in our laboratory, I also discuss the anorexia among the elderly with dysphagia, the relation between the elderly's food preferences and their unconsciousness as to the decline in swallowing functions, and the elderly's psychological responses to a dysphagia diet. In addition, we prepared trial products of ‘mochi’ substitutes to prevent choking accidents. I report the results of physical property measurements and sensory evaluation of them. Conversations with the patient who could accept the dysphagia diet easily suggests essential perspectives for dysphagia rehabilitation. Dysphagia rehabilitation has become widespread in the field of health and welfare. Although the general public is now becoming familiar with terms such as aspiration pneumonia and thickened liquids, it is still difficult for them to understand and accept dysphagia rehabilitation or artificial hydration and nutrition (AHN) precisely.departmental bulletin pape
Research trends regarding the intergenerational interaction between community-dwelling older adults and children/youth:a literature review
Get PDFapplication/pdf本研究の目的は，高齢者と子ども・若者の世代間交流の定義及び研究動向について概観し，その特徴を検討することであった。検索した文献のうち，論文の種類や適格基準を満たした 12 件を対象に分析をした。抽出した文献について，第 1 に「世代間交流」を解説した文章を抽出してコードとし，内容の類似性にもとづいて構造化した。第 2 に，抽出した文献の研究目的を分類し，調査方法と結果の概要を示した。主な結果は，以下の 2 つであった。（1）定義には「世代間の伝承」「世代間の協働と互恵性」「世代の成長・貢献」の 3 つの要素が含まれていた。（2）抽出した文献を研究目的ごとに概観したところ，世代間交流の定義における「互恵性」や「成長」に関わる成果は示されているが，「伝承性」「協働性」「貢献」については，知見に乏しい実態が伺えた。世代間交流の成果や課題を評価するには，世代間交流の定義に則った検討を進める必要性が示唆された。This study examined the trends in research on the intergenerational interaction between older adults and children/youth,including the definition and characteristics of this interaction. From the body of existent literature that was retrieved and surveyed, 12 articles that met the article type and eligibility criteria were analyzed. First, texts explaining “intergenerational interaction” were extracted, coded, and structured based on content similarity. Second, the selected literature’s research objectives were categorized and the research methodologies and results outlined. The study’s two primary results were: (1) The definition of intergeneration interaction was found to include three elements: intergenerational transmission, intergenerational collaboration and reciprocity, and generational growth and contributions; (2) An overview of the literature by research objective revealed results related to “reciprocity” and “growth” in the defi nition of intergenerational interaction, but limited references to “transmissibility,” “collaboration,” and “contribution.” Study results suggested that evaluation of the achievements and challenges of intergenerational interaction requires research that examines the topic in accordance with the full definition of intergenerational interaction.departmental bulletin pape
