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Evolution topics in the journal American biology teacher from 2017 to
Full text linkStudents and even their teachers often have misconceptions about the process of evolution. The concept of natural selection causes the most problems. Pupils' knowledge is primarily influenced by the teaching method, as well as the textbooks they use. New discoveries about evolution are always coming to light, which the textbooks cannot keep up with, as they are rarely updated. This is where information and communication technology comes in, which can be easily adapted to the different needs of students and classes, and in addition provides information on the latest scientific achievements, as it is constantly updated. The problem also arises with practical examples to explain the course of evolution. Evolution is a difficult subject to learn and teach because it deals with phenomena that cannot be directly observed. Teachers would need information about new concrete examples of research on evolution by natural selection to help them explain the process of evolution.
In the first part of the master's thesis, we reviewed the literature on evolution and its teaching. We touched on evolution itself and the problems with its understanding, and then we examined the teaching of evolution abroad and in Slovenia.
In order to show teachers concrete examples and new, interesting activities, in our master's thesis we analyzed a journal in the field of science didactics, namely The American Biology Teacher, and searched for articles in it that discussed evolution in the years 2017 to 2020. We have looked for good examples for teaching evolution in primary and secondary schools, which can be transferred to the Slovenian school system and will facilitate the understanding of this learning content and improve the quality of students' knowledge.
We found that 349 scientific articles were published in The American Biology Teacher from 2017 to 2020. 38 articles related to evolution were published. Thus, the share of these articles represents 10.9% of all published biological articles in the journal. 28 articles can be transferred to the school system. Of these, as many as 16 are completely feasible in the Slovenian school environment, 1 article with minor adaptation. The contents of 8 articles are partially feasible, while the activities from only three articles are not feasible.
Evolution is a subject, where misconceptions are very common, but on the other hand, it is vast and challenging. That is why it is important to motivate students and present them with evolutionary content in the most comprehensible and attractive way possible, which the activities and suggestions in the articles certainly are
Relationship between eating behavior and healthy eating
Full text linkEvery day, one makes several decisions about food and nutrition, which are influenced by various personal, social, cultural, environmental, temporal and economic factors. What we eat and how much we eat affects how we feel, therefore a healthy and balanced diet is essential for a healthy and optimal development of a child. In order to understand what, how, when, how much and with whom children eat, it is necessary to know their eating behavior. The purpose of the master's thesis was to study the eating behavior of primary school children and to determine the connection between them and their attitude towards a healthy diet. We found out how family dietary patterns, school and peers are related to the formation of children's eating behavior and whether age and gender have any effect on that. We used a descriptive research method and a quantitative research approach in the research. The sample included 230 sixth- and ninth graders from primary schools in Slovenia, of which 102 were boys and 128 were girls. We used an online survey to collect data.
Based on our own criteria for a healthy diet, which included recommendations for the consumption of individual food groups (vegetables, fruits, milk and dairy products, meat, fish, fried foods, sweet foods, sugary drinks and water) and daily meals (breakfast, morning snack, lunch, afternoon snack and dinner) we found out that children have a less healthy diet. Pupils do not eat healthy, mainly due to excessive consumption of sugar and sweet foods, insufficient consumption of meat, meat products and fish, and because they skip morning and afternoon snacks. Boys meet a higher number of criteria for a healthy diet than girls, mainly due to the insufficient consumption of protein foods (meat, meat products and fish) among girls. Meeting the criteria for a healthy diet differs between the sexes. Girls meet the criteria for eating vegetables, fruits, milk and dairy products, fried foods, sweet foods and snacks than boys and boys meet the criteria for eating meat, fish, water and all major daily meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) better than girls. In a group of students with a healthier diet, we found out that boys gain more information about healthy eating from their peers than girls. However, there is no statistically significant difference in the group with a less healthy diet. Students with a less healthy and students with a healthier diet believe that a proper and healthy diet plays an important role in their health. We also determined that a student’s eating behavior regarding fat intake is related to family dietary patterns. Older students estimate that they gain little information about healthy eating at school, while younger students estimate that they gain a lot of information about healthy eating at school.
We believe that it would be necessary to improve the way children eat and encourage them to choose healthy foods. Parents, educators, teachers and other professionals involved in education should be informed about advice on refusing food to children, eliminating pickiness and promoting and strengthening healthy eating habits among children
Linocut and visual art expressions
Full text linkBy its nature, linocut is suitable for creation in various art syntaxes, so in my dissertation, I use Butina's generative scheme to research the art grammar of linocut in my graphic works and children's graphic works.
In the theoretical part of the dissertation, I define the field of graphics and technical characteristics of linocut, Butin's generative scheme, and individually outlined and outlined art elements, additionally paying attention to the characteristics of the illusionist, shallow, and flat art space. I am particularly interested in three questions within the context of the educational process and namely: What the role of graphics is, how are the artistic elements represented in the curriculum, and how the artistic development of children takes place along the process of primary school. In the last part of the dissertation, I analyze my graphic works with the help of Butin's generative scheme and create a teaching preparation for an art task in the field of graphics, specifically linocuts. Also, I analyze children's graphic works from art catalogs to determine the representation of different art spaces and use art expressions
Effects of the method of noting multiple choice tasks with one or more correct answers on the successful solving of chemistry tasks in primary schools
Full text linkChemistry classes are based on experimental work, developing relationship with the environment, observing and describing the visual and abstract phenomena. Due to the complex construction of chemistry classes, it is utmost importance for the knowledge, to be assesed quality and professionally indisputable. For quality assessed knowledge it is crucial to asses knowledge, which is based on goals of the curriculm and learning content of the classes.
Knowledge can be assesed differently. You can asses knowledge based on written exam, oral exam, or with assesing product. Written exam with non-standard written test is most common way of assesing knowledge. For written test, teacher can chose between CROSS and CRSS or SR assesment. The most common are SR assesment, specifically multiple-choice assessment with one correct answer. There are a lot of instructions for multiple-choice assessments.
The purpose of my master thesis is to analyse the differences in solving multiple-choice items with one or more correct answers based on the different way of the steam or alternatives in items. Based on research, 268 9-th grade students from 13 primary schools from different regions of Slovenia participated in this research study. Students were solving 4 different types of instruments, which was assesing 4 different topics from curriculum. Items were written out of multipe-choice item and Likerts five stage grading, for assesing the difficult of item, understanding the steam and alternatives. Items were multiple-choce items with one and more correct answers, but students did not know if one or more answers were correct. The results are showing that different ways of written steam, alternatives, the difficutl of items, the understanding of the steam and alternatives can influence on the success of solving multiple-choice item with one correct answer. For the multiple-choice items with correct answers different ways of written steam, alternatives, the difficutl of items, the understanding of the steam and alternatives are showing no important influence on the success of the solving multiplce-choice items with more correct answers
Art elements in abstract paintings by Joan Miró
Full text linkThe diploma takes place on a theoretical and practical level and examines the artistic elements in the abstract paintings of Joan Miró.
In the theoretical part, I first focused on the language of art. In first part I have explained the existence of artistic elements. Then in the second part i have explained the elements of art and described the two categories into which they are divided by the artist and art theorist Milan Butina. I explained in more detail and focused on the artistic elements of light-dark, color, point, line and form, as they are related to the selected paintings of the artist and are central to the content of my work. In the following, I began by explaining abstract painting, which leads me to the main topic of my thesis. In the last part of the thesis introduced the artist Joan Miró and three of his selected works. In them, I recognized and explained the main artistic elements contained in these paintings.
I created three abstract works with the inclusion of artistic elements in a practical artistic performance. The main goal of the paper is to provide a detailed explanation of the elements of art, abstract painting, the representation of the elements of art in the abstract works of Joan Miró and to show how their use is reflected in my own artistic creation
Garbage as a material for fine arts
Full text linkThe power of fine art is reflected in its ability to combine different themes and media, from upper-class subculture to pop culture, mass media, and technology. This also includes rubbish. In my thesis, I deal with the concept or phenomenon of garbage as a basis for fine art. In art work, rubbish can be used either as a medium, a contextual starting point or both. The latter is also the focus of the thesis. In the theoretical part of the thesis, I present the historical background that led to the abandonment of art making in the classical medium and the turn to new media, with a focus on the medium of garbage. I explore the changes that the use of this medium has brought to the art world, the statement artists have communicated through their choice of medium, and the position of the art issues in the world today. I highlight artists from different historical periods or styles who have mainly used rubbish in their work and present some of their artworks, emphasizing the different semantic aspects of the medium of rubbish. In the practical part of the thesis, I present and analyze my artworks, where I highlight various issues in the field of mass consumption and ecology, as well as my view on the status of art in today's society. I compare my works with those of artists who have been a reference and inspiration for my work
Active learning and participation of kindergarten children
Full text linkAll learning begins with experience. Children learn the most when they are active themselves and when they come to the solution, whether correct or incorrect, on their own. With repeated activities, children remember events and activities the best, because they consolidate what they already know and, in addition, they are always looking for new solutions, unravelings.
In my thesis, I focused on the view of kindergarten professionals on active learning and children's participation in kindergarten. The thesis consists of two parts.
Based on professional literature, the concept of learning in general is first defined in the theoretical part. In the chapter on active learning of preschool children, the basic elements of active learning according to the High/Scope curriculum, research as an active learning strategy, space for research and the role of the educator in promoting it are described. I presented the notion of participation in general and in connection with the Kindergarten Curriculum and through the active involvement of children and parents and the conception of the child as a competent individual in the Reggio Emilia pedagogical concept.
The second part of the diploma thesis represents the empirical part, in which I summarized the results obtained by surveying professionals employed in the Ribnica Kindergarten. From the obtained results, I can conclude that the professionals of the selected kindergarten are committed to involving children as much as possible in the planning and implementation of activities in the department, and they also encourage children's active learning through various activities and techniques
Motives for choosing special and rehabilitation pedagogy and professional development
Full text linkRecently, the need for special education teachers has been increasing in the job market as inclusion and support for people with special needs become more important. The profession of special education is very dynamic and therefore requires flexibility, professional development, and the development of strategies for future work. The motives for choosing such a profession are an important factor because the more motivated students are, the more they invest in their studies and professional development. The aim of this master's thesis was to investigate the motives for choosing special and rehabilitation pedagogy among students and employed special education teachers. We analyzed the expression of motives among all students currently studying special and rehabilitation pedagogy and those already working as special and education teachers. We divided them into groups based on year of study or years of work experience. We wanted to know how they perceived their professional identity and how employees SRP perceived professional development and what factors influenced it. We also examined their satisfaction with their choice and quality of study. We also wanted to know how employees rated their job satisfaction. Finally, we examined their assessment of job stress in their work area and the factors that stress them the most.The results show that students chose this educational program for altruistic motives. For employees, intrinsic reasons were the main reason for choosing special education. The most influential factor for professional development was their own choice of continuing education. Special education teachers generally rated their work as often stressful. The most stressful factor causing professional stress was administrative work
The influence of elements of yoga on some motor skills of students in 1st grade
Full text linkIn the last hundred years, the way of life around the world has changed a lot. Children sit most of the day and there are few opportunities for movement in their everyday life, which is one of children's basic needs.The lack of movement affects the overall development of children. To encourage movement during classes, we introduced the practice of yoga elements for 15 minutes three times a week.
We asked ourselves whether yoga affects the motor skills of children in the 1st grade of primary school. In the master's thesis, we wanted to find out whether yoga affects coordination, balance and mobility and whether there are differences between girls and boys in mobility skills according to the implementation of the yoga programme.
The master's thesis is divided into a theoretical and an empirical part. In the theoretical part, we described the history of yoga and its features, we described yoga for children and asanas. Then we wrote about measurement instruments and defined movement skills. In the empirical part, we described in more detail a survey in which 15 1st-grade students of the Tone Tomšič Elementary School participated. The group practiced yoga three times a week for 15 minutes in January, February and March. We practiced yoga at the beginning or during the class. Withthe help of a sports training card and the Eurofit flamingo test battery, we determined whether yoga has an effect on certain movement skills.
The results showed us that the group of 1st grade students improved their motor skills, coordination, flexibility and balance. There were no differences in performance between girls and boys
Razstava: izredne grafične tehnike za izredne razmere
Full text linkRazstavljajo: študentke grafike na slikarskem oddelku Akademije za likovno umetnost in oblikovanje UL, študentke Oddelka za likovno pedagogiko Pedagoške fakultete UL, otroci iz vrtca Mladi rod v sodelovanju z Mednarodnim grafičnim likovnim centrom v Ljubljani.
Pri predmetu Grafika smo še pred pandemijo covida19 razvijali alternativne grafične postopke, predvsem z mislijo na šolske okoliščine, kjer nimamo na voljo opreme za klasične grafične tehnike. Take situacije so npr. šola v naravi, pa tudi sicer opremljenost šol ni povsod taka, da bi lahko računali na orodja in materiale, ki jih imajo študenti na razpolago v času študija v grafični delavnici.
Nekatere postopke smo preizkusili pri mlajših predšolskih otrocih, za katere je veljalo, da grafika (z izjemo nekaterih pomožnih grafičnih tehnik) še ni primerna zanje