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Distance physical education in primary school during COVID-19 epidemic
Get PDFThe COVID-19 epidemic in the spring of 2020 provided a completely new and different teaching
approach, as the pedagogical process had to continue, despite the closure of educational
institutions. Teachers thus had to train for distance teaching overnight. In this period of crisis,
when movement was severely restricted, Physical education (PE) became a key and the only
subject that could maintain a student’s motivation to learn, physical and mental condition, and an
active lifestyle. Therefore, distance Physical education became the responsibility of primary school
teachers, who had to make sure that they teach PE to the same extent and quality as other subjects
and as they had taught before the epidemic. In the theoretical part of this master's thesis, we
described the problem of movement deficiencies and physical/sports activities in society and the
importance of these for the child. We defined the PE and its important role for students, describe
teachers who teach PE, and highlighted some key factors that affect the quality of teaching PE.
Finally, we described distance education and listed some general didactic guidelines, as well as all
current recommendations and guidelines of experts for distance PE. The empirical part of our
master's thesis contained a quantitative study involving 181 primary school teachers who taught
the subject of distance PE during the first epidemic, in the 2019/20 school year. With a survey
questionnaire and analysis of the results, we gained an insight into the state of teaching distance
PE and highlighted some of the problems that arise in teaching. We found that primary school
teachers mostly successfully faced the challenges of teaching the distance PE, as they taught it to
the same extent as before the epidemic. Teaching PE at a distance has proven to be more
challenging than teaching in school and easier than teaching other subjects. Most teachers taught
through videos and written instructions, and the most common method was the demonstration
method. The most often chosen stage in the teaching process was the consolidation, repetition and
training of the learning material, while individualisations and differentiations were not included in
the lessons. Natural forms of movement and games, athletic content, hiking, ball games, and dance
content were the most frequently selected content for distance PE, and the selected goals were
most often related to the development of motor and functional abilities. During the epidemic,
teachers did not fully realize their teaching goals, nor did they assess students' knowledge, but they
monitored or checked their performance of sent tasks at home. Primary school teachers faced a
variety of problems, none of which stood out in particular. In giving opinions, they were more
united and agreed that PE is a suitable and meaningful subject for distance teaching, that teaching
was of lower quality than in school and that they need more guidance from the PE curriculum and
examples of physical/sports activities for distance teaching. Based on the latest results, we have
collected some tasks and activities for each set of teaching contents from the PE curriculum that
will help primary school teachers in teaching distance PE. By analysing the results, we confirmed
that distance PE cannot replace PE at school and that primary school teachers need professional
development to improve the quality of distance teaching
Food supplements intake in pregnancy
Get PDFWith food we receive all the essential nutrients for proper functioning of body. During pregnancy, adequate intake of nutrients is very important, as the developing baby draws nutrients through his mother. Due to insufficient knowledge of the importance of nutrition, the availability of various foods, socio-economic status, etc., difficulties in achieving recommended nutrient intake occur among women. Insufficient nutrient intake can be substituted with dietary supplements. The purpose of this master's thesis was to determine the attitude of pregnant women towards dietary supplements and how often they consumed them during pregnancy. Quantitative research method with questionnaire was conducted in the research part of this thesis. The sample consisted of 221 women who were pregnant at the time of research or had given birth in the last year. The analysis of the results showed, that pregnant women know the importance of dietary supplements as an adjunct to a normal diet rather than a substitute for a balanced diet. Pregnant women with higher education are more aware of that. 85,4 % of respondents used dietary supplements during their pregnancy. Research showed that those with higher education used them more often. Respondents who don't use dietary supplements most often indicated that they did not need them. However, respondents who chose to use dietary supplements most often consumed them out of desire to benefit child's health. During pregnancy and during planning the pregnancy, most of respondents consumed folic acid. It was more often consumed by the older women and those with first pregnancy. Based on the results obtained in my research, I can conclude that most pregnant women start taking dietary supplements when they find out about their pregnancy. Given results also showed, it would be recommended raising young women awareness about the importance of a balanced diet and the safe use of dietary supplements especially about use of folic acid before conception
Bibliomethod as a form of social pedagogical work with children with emotional and behavioural problems
Get PDFChildren's emotional and behavioural problems are an area that covers a very wide spectrum. In their workplaces, social pedagogues meet children who require different approaches and ways of working. The main purpose of the master's thesis is to enrich the methods of social pedagogy through an approach based on the use of literature. The aim is to develop a method that will be adapted to work with children with emotional and behavioural problems. The method is based on bibliotherapy. This is basically a method of work that works preventively through books and conversation and helps with various psychosocial problems. This is thus explored in the field of bibliotherapy, and definitions, forms and methods of use are given. First, it describes the development of a child in early, middle and late childhood, where cognitive, emotional and reading development are captured. The following is a chapter that includes a description of emotional and behavioural problems, their definitions and forms. The third part is intended for learning about bibliotherapy in Slovenian and world literature.
Since there is a lack of research in Slovenia that has dealt with bibliotherapy, especially in the field of social pedagogy, the empirical part is dedicated to this. A tailored form of bibliotherapy, named bibliomethod, was performed and analysed with children with emotional and behavioural problems. The meetings were held as reading hours with a group of eight children at the Malči Belič Youth Centre in Ljubljana. Seven meetings were held and analysed through evaluation of participating children and educators, children's products and observation of the meeting manager. Based on the analysis of these meetings and the professional literature, a socio-pedagogical method called bibliomethod was developed. The described bibliomethod is intended as a tool for all professionals who would like to include books in their work with children with emotional and behavioural problems. On the basic skeleton of bibliomethod, professionals can add and co-shape it, based on their own experience and the needs of the group of children with whom they work
Extra-curricular assistance and support for children with special needs and their parents
Get PDFAt the realization that the child has special needs, the family dynamics changes significantly. The parents or guardians of children are often worried and experience feelings of guilt and powerlessness, which grow due to the child’s poor learning performance. Despite additional professional assistance, provided to the child in school, parents turn to external experts and seek help in the form of learning instructions, psychological and psychotherapeutical consultations, speech therapy treatments, sensory integration and different complementary and other approaches. Due to stress and distress, some parents also look for psychosocial support for themselves. Therefore, various experts enter the life of children and parents. In professional literature, we can find suggestions for cooperation between all the involved parties, which has great benefits for the child. This way, professional workers gain important information, which makes it easier for them to plan and provide assistance to individual children, and parents are informed about the child’s progress and development in the learning, social and emotional field. Such an approach can significantly relieve the parents. We wanted to know, to what extent the parents of children with special needs with additional professional assistance find it necessary to seek extracurricular forms of assistance for the child and what is the role of the school in this manner. We wanted to find out, why parents seek help for their child also outside the school and establish statistically significant correlations between the variables. We also wanted to know, to what extent parents seek psychosocial support for themselves. With the help of an anonymous survey questionnaire, we performed a quantitative research, in which we included 236 parents of children, included in the adapted educational programme with additional professional assistance. We found that parents are satisfied with the cooperation with school professionals as well as with the effectiveness of the additional professional support in the school. Despite this, almost a third of children are receiving extracurricular learning support, a quarter of children psychological and psychotherapeutical support and a minor part of parents also choses additional forms of support. We found statistically important correlations between the type of extracurricular assistance and different special needs. Parents state different reasons for their decision for extracurricular treatments, where the desire for additional support for the child in addition to the existing one in the school stands out. More than half of the parents report about good cooperation between parents, professional workers of the school and performers of extracurricular support. In terms of extracurricular treatments, parents report about some obstacles, they particularly point out excessive prices, too long waiting times and poor access to treatments. The constant and daily care for the child’s success and development can also stress out the parents. It is not negligible that 17% of parents seeks psychosocial support for themselves. The results of the research will contribute to the understanding of distress of families and provide professional school workers with the possibility to establish a better dialogue with parents
Impact of the social situation on the visual image of the new wave music
Get PDFThis master's thesis investigates the Yugoslav music and social movement called the New Wave and gramophone record covers that were published as a part of this movement. The thesis examines in detail the relationship between the unique sociopolitical situation of the former Yugoslavia and the visual image of the New Wave. It presents the findings on the examples of selected art equipment and album motifs. The theoretical part of the thesis covers the definitions of the phenomenon of the New Wave, explains its meaning and development within the Yugoslav social context, presents a brief historical overview of Yugoslav modern music, and essentially focuses on gramophone records and their development and visual aspect. The motifs of selected examples of New Wave vinyl album covers will show how their design was influenced by the social situation in which they were created. In the research process, I personally collaborated with two participants in facilitating the New Wave scene - Goran Lisica Fox and Etbin Stefančič. From their memories, I present a direct insight into the work within the scene and the background of album art. At the end of the theoretical part, my self-portrait works are presented, which were created as quotations from some of the presented and personal favorite covers. The research problem of the thesis was the reciprocity of the environment and artistic image, so the empirical part of the thesis is the course and results of qualitative research that investigates the relationship and role of the emergence of New Wave in today's society. As a part of this, an art workshop on the design of music album covers was conducted, which helped me study how participants perceive such a phenomenon within the context of modern social conditions. I conducted short interviews with the participants, which helped me establish their personal opinions, their understanding of the phenomenon of the New Wave and their attitude to the state of modern society. I compare the resulting works from the workshop with the presented covers from the theoretical part. In the comparison, I highlighted the similarities, differences and parallels with the responses from interviews
Use of the total physical response storytelling method when teaching English as a foreign language in the first grade
Get PDFOur thesis discusses the use of the Total Physical Response Storytelling method by Blaine Ray when teaching English in the first grade of primary school. This method includes Total Physical Response by Dr. James J. Asher and elements of storytelling. We used the method in our research at teaching children in the first grade. The story was told with children’s physical response, which made comprehension easier. In the thesis we focus on the importance of movement for memorisation of foreign language and comprehension of the story. Additionally, we examine the effect of this method on positive attitude towards learning English in the first grade.
In the empirical part of our thesis, we explored the effect of Total Physical Response Storytelling on memorisation and use of vocabulary taught in an English lesson and the comprehension of the story we used at teaching. We also explored the effect of the method on students’ attitude towards the English lesson. We collected the data with the help of the research. We first checked prior knowledge in the experimental and the control group, then we performed the lesson and checked their knowledge after this lesson and one week later. We also discussed the attitude towards English lessons with the students. We compared the progress of the students, taught with the Total Physical Response Storytelling method and the progress of the students, taught with a more traditional method using flashcards. We found out that use of the Total Physical Response Storytelling method has a positive effect on memorisation and use of vocabulary and on comprehension of the story used. Students were motivated, which they showed with their active participation and spontaneous use of English language. Based on the data we collected with our research and on the response of the students, we suggest that the Total Physical Response Storytelling method is appropriate for foreign language learning in the first grade of primary school
Fostering preschool children's social development
Get PDFThe theoretical section of the diploma thesis begins by describing the importance of a stimulating climate in kindergarten; this is followed by a description of the methods with which we can create a stimulating climate in kindergarten, as provided by different curricula (High/Scope Curriculum, Kindergarten Curriculum, contemporary curricula); special emphasis is placed on creating a stimulating climate in the daily routine. Afterwards, the influence of the hidden curriculum on the climate and on the social relations within the group is described. This is followed by an explanation of social development in children and an illustration of the importance of promoting social development in kindergarten. At the end of the theoretical section, I defined the role and importance of conflict for the social development of children, and the role played by the preschool teacher in resolving conflicts between children. The aim of my diploma thesis was to examine how preschool teachers stimulate children’s social development; how they provide a favourable social climate within the group through the daily routine; and to determine how they guide children towards resolving mutual conflicts and appropriate behaviour. I was also interested in whether preschool teachers plan activities for promoting social development and whether they evaluate them. The results were obtained by observing two groups in different kindergartens and by conducting an interview with the teachers of the observed groups. The research has shown that preschool teachers create a stimulating climate through communication, various interactions with the children, by encouraging cooperation among the children, and by their own example. In both groups, the teachers use a puppet; one group uses it to make it easier for a child to interact with the other children, while the other group uses the puppet to talk to a child who has done something inappropriate. The teachers provide a favourable climate by giving the children a sense of safety, by gaining the children’s trust, and by trying to understand the children’s desires and needs. In conflict resolution, the observed teachers employ two approaches, which have been described by Kroflič (2010), i.e. the authoritarian/assertive approach and the inductive approach. The teachers plan and carry out activities for promoting social development mostly in the introductory period. I have also discovered that the teachers of one group do not evaluate the activities for promoting social development, whereas the teachers of the other group evaluate them only orally between themselves, for the purpose of office hours, and at the end of a specific set of activities
Project of creating adventure games: learning programming via interdisciplinary collaboration
Get PDFInterdisciplinary integration and in-depth subject matter content can be the basis of project learning, which is a part of goal-oriented teaching methods and consists of sequences of stages planned in advance such as: idea development, planning, execution of the final product where a student is a central active leader of activities resulting in direct knowledge and discovery.
The objective of the master’s degree thesis is to illustrate an example of project-based learning in year four of primary school with the emphasis on interdisciplinary integration and design of adventure computer games with the software tool Odisej.
In the theoretical part, besides definition of concepts of interdisciplinary integration and project-based learning, there is research of various models and approaches to planning, arguments for advantages and disadvantages and planning strategies, execution and assessment.
The pedagogic research part follows. In the practical part an approach to organization of project-based learning for successful design of the final product such as an adventure computer game is presented. By designing computer games students are faced, in a fun way, with basic concepts of programming where the computer game itself is an excellent motivation for work for the students because of its intertwinement with everyday life and positive attitude towards it and it thus represents a creative environment for expression and storytelling. The empirical part presents an approach, execution and results of the survey where we are interested primarily in answers to questions on frequent use of project-based learning during classes, how project-based learning works in practice and observations of students and teachers who have experienced project-based teaching. My own observations follow next; they originate from actively participating in the teaching process and analysis of an interview with a teacher, which leads to conclusions that with the help of adventure games, which are the final product of project-based learning, we can increase motivation for other subjects that are a part of the topics taught and we can also modernize classic or traditional method of summative knowledge assessment of home reading and at the same time asses higher taxonomic levels.
Based on my personal pedagogic experience during my practical training the conclusion is that the use of project-based learning in teaching computer science classes was successful and well received since the students acquired new knowledge and interdisciplinary integration learning goals planned in advance. The pilot use of the software Odisej has confirmed that visual programming tools are suitable for introduction of adventure computer games since students are introduced to basic programming concepts and creatively use multi-level expressions for storytelling through the script of the game
Zgodbe in naravoslovje
Get PDFČe pa se želimo z zgodbami poučevati naravoslovje,
uporabljamo zgodbe drugače. Zlasti pri zgodnjem naravoslovju
so zgodbice in pripovedke lahko sredstvo, s
katerim otroke vpeljemo v naravoslovne dejavnosti
Ellas Educan Collective: Vse skrivnosti o virusih. Založba Hart, Ljubljana, 2020
Get PDFLeto 2020 je najbolj zaznamoval covid-19 virus, ki
je močno spremenil naše življenje. Zaprte so bile šole
in vrtci, ohromilo se je gospodarstvo in nekaj časa je
bilo tudi omejeno gibanje. O tem so vsak dan pisali
časopisi in večkrat na dan je bila izgovorjena beseda
virus, tako na televiziji kot tudi v domačem okolju.
Tako so se otroci pogosto spraševali, zakaj toliko govorimo
o virusih, kaj je virus, zakaj je nevaren za nas,
saj ga ne vidimo, kakšne bolezni lahko povzroča in kakšne
posledice lahko povzroči. Zato je ob pravem času
izšla knjiga o virusih, ki je napisana za mlajše otroke