Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences
Not a member yet
297 research outputs found
Sort by
The Effect Of Mefenamic Acid On Longitudinal Development Of Growth Plate In Young Male White Rats
Get PDFThe past epidemiologic studies did not have definite explanation about the effect of consuming Mefenamic Acid on Longitudinal Bone Development. The aim of this study is to explain the effect of Mefenamic Acid on Longitudinal Bone Development. The design of this study was the Separate pretest, Posttest Only Control Group Design using 40 male wistar strain rats and divided into four groups. They consists of one pretest group, one control group and two treatment groups. The treatment groups were given mefenamic acid orally in the dose of 27 mg/200 g BW/day, and 54 mg/200 g BW/day which were dissolved in 2 ml of distilled water. After 4 weeks, the length of femur, length of growth plate and number of longitudinal cell of growth plate are noticed. The result was showed in all of experimental animals had a significant difference to control groups (p<0.05). Pair wise comparisons showed that significant difference (p<0.05) occurred in all of groups except between mefenamic acid 27 mg and mefenamic acid 54 mg that not significant difference. This study show that mefenamic acid treatment cause decrease of femur length, decrease of growth plate length and decrease number of growth plate cell. Keywords: mefenamic acid, chondrocyte, growth plat
The Effect of Mirabilis jalapa Leaf Ethanolic Extract against Streptococcus pyogenes
No full textStreptococcus pyogenes is a Gram positive bacteria that commonly cause disease in human. If not treated immediately, this bacteria can cause serious complication such as reumatic fever that causing heart valve tissue damage. Penicilin, drug of choice to eradicate S. pyogenes, oftenly cause various side effects such as anaphylaxis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Mirabilis jalapa leaf ethanolic extract against S. pyogenes growth using in vitro techniques. The study design was a quasi experimental design. S. pyogenes culture as the study subject were divided into positive control group (penicilin V 100 IU), negative control group (NaCMC 0,5%), and eight treatment groups that were given with M. jalapa leaf ethanolic extract as much as 0,1 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml, 30 mg/ml, 40mg/ml, and 50 mg/ml. After 24 hours incubation periods, the inhibition zone were found in all treatment group except in concentration 0,1 mg/ml. This study showed that M. jalapa leaf ethanolic extract could inhibit the growth of S. pyogenes. There was significant correlation between the concentration of M. jalapa leaf ethanolic extract and the diameter of inhibition zone (p=0,00), the higher concentration of M. jalapa leaf extract, the larger diameter of inhibition zone of S. pyogenes. Keywords: Mirabilis jalapa, leaf extract, antimicrobial activit
Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extract from Tempuyung Leaf (Sonchus arvensis L.) againts Salmonella typhi by In Vitro Study
Get PDFTifoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) is endemic disease in Indonesia. S. typhi begin to resist to chloramphenicol, so it is necessary to study about natural material as traditional medicine such as tempuyung. The aim of this research was to study antibacterial activity and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of ethanolic extract from tempuyung leaf (Sonchus arvensis L.) againts growth of S. typhi. This research used quasy experimental methods with post test only control group design. Treatment consisted of 8 concentrations with 5 replications was 2,5 µg/disc, 5 µg/disc, 10 µg/disc, 20 µg/disc, 30 µg/disc, 40 µg/disc, 60 µg/disc, and 80 µg/disc. As much as 10 µl from each concentration was dropped into disc and placed in Mueller Hinton Agar. Then incubated for 18 hours to 37oC. Observation of bacterial inhibition zone by using a caliper. Result of this research that the leaf extract at a concentration 10 µg/disc, 20 µg/disc, 30 µg/disc, 40 µg/disc, 60 µg/disc, and 80 µg/disc can inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of ethanolic extract from tempuyung leaf was 10 µg/disc qualitatively and 4,43 µg/disc quantitatively. Key words: Sonchus arvensis L., Salmonella typhi, antibacteria
Modulation of Antibiotic Activity Against Streptococcus pneumoniae by N-acetylcysteine and ascorbic acid
Get PDFStreptococcus pneumoniae is one of the bacterial pathogens that cause pneumonia. Pneumonia is the biggest cause of infant mortality in Indonesia around 23%. The main therapy pneumonia is antibiotics, but in some cases combined with ascorbic acid or N-acetylcysteine, which serves as a complementary therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding ascorbic acid or N-acetylcysteine ​​on antibiotics towards the growth of S. pneumoniae in vitro. The method used in this research is the method of germ-disc diffusion susceptibility test with S. pneumoniae growth inhibition is indicated by the formation of inhibition zone. Positive controls used clindamycin and erythromycin. The average diameter of inhibition zone on the negative control, positive control, and treatment of 1 to 5 on the addition of clindamycin with ascorbic acid are respectively 5; 24.12; 24.62; 26.08; 27.58; 28.74; and 29.76 mm. The data has a strong correlation to the Pearson test (R=+0,910). On a logarithmic regression analysis found minimal concentration of ascorbic acid can inhibit is 1.767 mg/ml. While the addition of erythromycin with N-acetylcysteine ​​are respectively 28.02; 25.62; 23.46; 22.42; and 21.68 mm. Pearson correlation test results of these data are the opposite relationship between the diameter of inhibition zone and the concentration of N-acetylcysteine ​​with a very strong correlation coefficient. Logarithmic regression of the minimum concentration of N-acetylcysteine ​​which may decrease the antibacterial activity of erythromycin inhibit the growth of Sreptococcus pneumoniae amounted 1,66mg/ml. It is concluded that ascorbic acid increases the activity of clindamycin in inhibiting the growth of S. pneumoniae in vitro and N-acetylcysteine ​​may decrease the antibacterial activity of erythromycin in inhibiting the growth of S. pneumoniae in vitro. Keywords: S. Pneumoniae, ascorbic acid, N-asetilsitein, inhibition zon
The Spermicide Effect from Methanol Extract of Kalangkala Seed (Litsea angulata) to Spermatozoa Mice (Mus musculus)
Get PDFMen involvement in family planning needs to be increased by providing natural spermicide from natural source which is safer. One of them is kalangkala seed which is endemic plant in South Kalimantan. The spermicide effect from methanol extract of kalangkala seed to mice spermatozoa was studied in this research by in vitro method. Spermatozoa suspension was taken from epididymis cauda of twenty five male Balb/c mice. This research used a complete randomized design with five treatments i.e control which without any addition; spermatozoa suspension + NaCMC 0.5%; spermatozoa suspension + methanol extract of kalangkala seed 0.1%; spermatozoa suspension + methanol extract of kalangkala seed 0.3%; and spermatozoa suspension + methanol extract of kalangkala seed 0.5% with five repetitions for each treatment. The result of this study showed that methanol extract of kalangkala seed caused decrease of motility and movement velocity mice spermatozoa until achieve zero value in 0.5% concentration. Key words: kalangkala seed, mice, spermatozoa, natural spermicid
The Selectivity of Ethanolic Extract of Buah Makassar (Brucea javanica) on Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells
No full textTreatment of cancer such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy has many side effects. Chemopreventive agent is needed to reduce the side effect and increase the effectivity of therapy. The discovery of cochemopreventive agent should consider on its selectivity to reduce side effects. The selective cochemopreventive agents work effectively in cancer cells and safe for normal cells. Buah Makassar (Brucea javanica) is a natural product that is empirically used for anti-inflammatory and antitumor. The purpose of this study is to determine the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of buah Makassar against 4T1, MCF7, HeLa, and Vero cell lines. The cytotoxic test is performed by MTT assay. The parameter obtained from the cytotoxic test was IC50. Selectivity index is determined from IC50 ratio of cancer cells to normal cells. The results showed that ethanolic extract of buah Makassar has a cytotoxic activity on 4T1, MCF7, HeLa, and Vero cells with IC50 were 49,9±0,83 μg/mL; 107,6±8,14 μg/mL; 228,9±4,16 μg/mL and 395,5± 4,21 μg/mL respectively. It also has high selectivity on 4T1 metastatic breast cancer cell with selectivity index of 7,93. It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of buah Makassar has potential to be delevoped as cochemopreventive agent especially on metastatic breast cancer. Keywords: Brucea javanica, MTT assay, selectivity index, 4T1, MCF7, HeLa, Ver
Bioinformatics Approach towards Transcriptomics of Filaggrin
Get PDFFilaggrin, or filaments which combines protein, is one of the important structural protein that works for the development, maintenance, and the formation of the skin as an intact barrier. Filaggrin breakdown products regulate the hydration of the skin; contribute to the acidic pH of the skin, which in turn is essential for the activity of various proteases in the stratum corneum desquamation and lipid synthesis. Filaggrin produced by keratinocytes granular as a major precursor called profilaggrin, encoded by the FLG gene, located in the epidermal differentiation complex on chromosome 1 (1q21 locus). The locus contains a group of genes involved in epidermal differentiation. Filaggrin deficiency has some consequences on the organization and function of epidermal with important implications such as increased risk for atopic disease or a microbial infection. FLG mutation, a gene that encodes filaggrin, has been shown to cause ichthyosis vulgaris, increasing the risk of atopic dermatitis and other atopic diseases. This research examined the FLG gene based bioinformatics approach to search for conserved region of representative mammals that encode coding (m) and non-coding (nc) RNAs. Expected mRNA expression can be used as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent against deficiencies and filaggrin mutations.Key words: filaggrin, FLG, profilaggrin, filaggrin deficiency, bioinformatics
The Comparison of Bay Leaf and Celery Leaf Infusion Effect on Decreasing LDL Level in Dyslipidemic Wistar Rats Model
Get PDFCoronary heart disease (CHD) is the cause of 7,3 million death globally in 2008. The main pathophysiology process that leads to CHD is atherosclerosis which is caused by high LDL cholesterol level. The aim of this study was to explore bay leaf and celery leaf infusion effect on reducing LDL cholesterol level in dyslipidemic rat model. The type of this study was true experimental research using wistar rat (Rattus novergicus) as the sample. The rats were induced by high fat diet and PTU for two weeks then each of the group were given either bay leaf infusion, celery leaf infusion, simvastatin (positive control), or aquadest (negative control) for a week. The measurement of LDL level used Friedewald formulation. Data was analyzed using paired sample t test and one way ANOVA. As the result there was a significance reduction on LDL level after treatment with bay leaf (p=0,013) and celery leaf infusion (p=0,035) but there was no significance difference between groups (p=0,293). It was concluded that bay leaf and celery leaf infusion could reduce the LDL level in dyslipidemic wistar rat but there was no difference on the capability of the two different leafs on reducing LDL level. Keywords: dyslipidemia, LDL, bay leaf, celery leaf, wistar rats Â
Antimicrobial in vitro Study of Cosmos caudatus H.B.K Leaves Extract Towards Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Get PDFCosmos caudatus H.B.K leaves is known to have many active substances with antimicrobial effect such as saponin, flavonoid, poliphenol, volatile oil, costunolide, and 4,4’-bipyridin. This research is conducted to prove the antimicrobial effect of Cosmos caudatus leaves extract on gram positive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro. The sample of this research is served by Microbiology Laboratorium of Brawijaya University. An experimental study with tube dilution method was carried out. The treated groups are groups of bacteria treated with Cosmos caudatus leaves extract with a range concentrations of 14%; 12%; 10%; 8%; and 6%. The control group is groups treated with 0% extract. The result indicates that the MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) can not be observed due to the extract’s turbid green colour. The MBC (Minimal Bactericidal Concentration) is 14% for MRSA. Data analysis with CI=95% shows a significant difference of effects on the number of MRSA colonies growth (Anova, p = 0,000) with the change of extract concentrations. The correlation regression test shows a strong association between the extract concentration and the number of colonies growth (Correlation, r = -0,754, p=0,000). Cosmos caudatus leaves extract has antimicrobial effect on MRSA.Keywords : Cosmos caudatus leaves estract, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), antimicrobial
Comparison of Shoulder and Elbow Range of Motion and Arm Muscle Strength in Humerus Fractured Patients Treated with Operative and Non-operative at Dr. Soebandi Hospital
Get PDFHumerus fracture is a disruption of normal architecture in humerus bone . This study was conducted to identify The Range Of Motion (ROM), muscle strength of arm and analyze the comparison of the ROM and muscle strength on humerus fracture patients between operative and non-operative treatment. This research used non-experimental study with cross-sectional design. Observed variables were Range of Motion and muscle strength each measured by goniometer and muscle strength scale, respectively. Comparing to these circumstances, there were significant difference in shoulder abduction, shoulder flexion, shoulder extension, elbow extension and elbow flexion between operative treatment patients and non-operative treatment patients at dr. Soebandi Hospital Jember.
Keywords : humerus fracture, range of motion, muscle strength