Leading & Enlightening Journal UMY
Not a member yet
7316 research outputs found
Sort by
Diagnostic Accuracy of a Wireless Stethoscope for Cardiac and Pulmonary Auscultation in Critically Ill Patients
No full textAuscultation is essential for assessing cardiac and pulmonary function, yet the use of conventional stethoscopes in intensive care units is often hindered by environmental noise and the need for close contact, which increases infection risk. Wireless stethoscopes offer digital sound transmission, enhancing clarity and enabling remote assessment; however, their diagnostic reliability must be clinically validated. This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a domestically developed wireless stethoscope created by the Center for Biomechanics, Biomaterials, Biomechatronics, and Biosignal Processing (CBIOM3S) at Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia. A comparative diagnostic design was employed, involving 120 critically ill patients hospitalized for more than 24 hours in the ICU, HCU, and Stroke Unit of a private hospital in Palembang between August and September 2022. Adults aged 18 years and older were included in the study, while patients with chest deformities or hemodynamic instability were excluded. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis. The wireless stethoscope demonstrated a sensitivity of 87.50% and specificity of 88.75% for cardiac auscultation, and a sensitivity of 90.66% and specificity of 77.77% for lung auscultation. These findings demonstrate strong diagnostic performance and support the potential clinical utility of this approach in critical care settings
Metabolomic Study of Andrographis paniculata Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Full text linkAndrographis paniculata contains bioactive compounds with anticancer, hepatoprotective, antibacterial, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Key compounds include andrographolide, paniculide, farnesol, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, phenols, and tannins. Environmental and geographic factors influence the composition of these compounds, thereby altering metabolite profiles. This study used FTIR and GC-MS methods in a non-targeted metabolomics approach to identify and analyze the metabolite diversity of Andrographis paniculata from different regions of Java Island. The FTIR analysis identified functional groups associated with secondary metabolites, including tannins, flavonoids, andrographolide, saponins, alkaloids, and triterpenoids. GC-MS profiling identified 43, 46, and 49 metabolites in West Java, Central Java, and East Java samples, respectively, with fatty acids and fatty acid esters as the dominant classes. PCA clearly separated Central Java samples from the other two regions, while ANOSIM confirmed significant differences in chemical composition among the groups. Overall, the findings demonstrate that geographical origin strongly influences the secondary metabolite composition of A. paniculata, with Central Java exhibiting the most distinct profile
Intelligent Semi-Active Vibration Control of Automobiles: A Half-Car Model with Smart Dampers
No full textSemi-active suspension systems have emerged as an attractive alternative to fully active suspensions because they offer a superior capacity to improve vehicle ride comfort and handling performance with significantly lower energy consumption. Conventional semi-active control strategies, however, such as skyhook damping, often cannot accommodate the nonlinear and time-varying dynamics of vehicles in operation under impulse or severe road disturbances. In this context, an intelligent smart-damper controller is proposed in this paper by incorporating a Modified Fuzzy Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Control framework in a half-car suspension model. In the developed controller, the effective damping force is adaptively tuned using real-time measurements of body acceleration and velocity to achieve enhanced dynamic robustness. The research contribution is the development of an adaptive, computationally efficient semi-active control law that is capable of achieving superior performance over conventional skyhook damping in the case of highly transient excitations. For this purpose, a comprehensive simulation study has been carried out to evaluate the passive, skyhook, and MFAFLC suspensions for identical Gaussian impulse road profiles. The MFAFLC system results in substantial improvements over passive suspension by reducing peak body displacement by 48.6%, pitch angle by 42.1%, and vertical acceleration by 55.7%, while reducing settling times by 35–50%. MFAFLC thus offers a further improvement of 12–25% over skyhook control for most performance indices. These results illustrate that MFAFLC-based smart damping promises to be a more adaptive and effective solution for semi-active vibration control in vehicles subjected to unpredictable road disturbances
Detection of Social Proximity and Sanctions on PBB Tax Compliance: Quasi-Experiment in Pangkalpinang City
No full textTax compliance studies often focus on legal sanctions, while social factors receive relatively less attention. This study aims to examine the effects of social proximity and sanctions on taxpayer compliance concerning the Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax (PBB-P2) in Pangkalpinang City. Sixty-five taxpayers participated in a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest intervention that included neighborhood discussions led by community leaders and reminders of social and administrative sanctions. Compliance rose after the intervention, as indicated by Spearman's correlation and the Wilcoxon test. The findings indicate that social proximity and perceived sanctions are positively associated with taxpayer compliance, and that community expectations and social norms function as informal social control that complements formal sanctions. These findings imply that integrating community-based and educational approaches with sanction enforcement can enhance local tax compliance, particularly in tightly knit cities like Pangkalpinang
Green Skills for Future Accountants: Insights from Rempang Eco City Development
No full textThis study investigates the green skills required by future accountants over the next two decades within the context of the Rempang Eco City development. Employing a qualitative, phenomenological approach, the research captures the perspectives and experiences of key informants through interviews guided by green skills indicators. The data were analyzed thematically using NVivo 15 to categorize and identify core themes. Findings reveal 14 critical green skills, including waste management, planning, procurement and material management, communication, leadership and teamwork, problem-solving and critical thinking, scientific literacy, operations management, monitoring, cognitive capacity, interpersonal and intrapersonal skills, and competencies in data analysis and information exploration. The results highlight that green skills constitute essential competencies for future accountants in advancing sustainable development. Moreover, complementary certifications—such as regional and urban planning or energy auditing—are recommended to enhance accountants’ contributions to sustainability initiatives. Despite its contributions, this study is limited by a relatively small sample size and the scarcity of accounting-specific literature on green skills, underscoring the need for broader future research
Hambatan Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Anak sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pelecehan Seksual di LPKA Kelas II Yogyakarta
Full text linkCurrently, children are not only victims of sexual abuse but also perpetrators, so they must be held accountable for the consequences of their actions at Special Child Guidance Institutions (LPKA), one of which is the LPKA in Yogyakarta. At the LPKA, children, as perpetrators, still receive their full rights as children, even though there are limitations and differences in their implementation. Based on this, this paper will further discuss the obstacles that affect the fulfillment of children's rights at the LPKA. The research method used is normative empirical, with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, questionnaires, and documentation studies. The results of the study show that the LPKA in Yogyakarta strives to create an environment that supports the rehabilitation and reintegration of child offenders, but the main obstacles affecting the fulfillment of children's rights in an education, health and recreation include limited facilities, a lack of competent professionals, and constraints in the existing system. This paper recommends the need for improvements in regulations, facilities, and existing systems to optimize the fulfillment of children's rights at the LPKA in Yogyakart
IEMS: An AI-Framework Fusing IoT, Deep Learning, and LLMs for Multi-Domain Urban Environmental Monitoring and Actionable Sustainability Insights
Full text linkRapid urbanization presents significant environmental challenges including air pollution, diminished green spaces, noise, and CO2 emissions, demanding integrated monitoring. This paper introduces the Intelligent EcoUrban Monitoring System (IEMS), an AI-driven framework designed for comprehensive urban environmental assessment. The research contribution is an integrated platform that synergistically combines diverse AI techniques with multi-source data to overcome limitations of siloed monitoring and provide actionable intelligence for urban sustainability. IEMS employs four specialized components: EcoSensor AI (IoT-based air/CO2 analysis), GreenVision AI (satellite imagebased green space assessment), NoiseGuard AI (urban noise classification/forecasting), and EcoGo AI (vehicle CO2 estimation/LLMdriven mitigation advice), all interconnected via a central data fusion pipeline. This architecture enables cross-domain analysis and enhanced predictive capabilities. Evaluation demonstrated robust performance: air quality forecasting achieved R2 > 0.89, green space segmentation yielded an F1-score of 96.60%, and multi-label noise classification showed >91% accuracy, enabling informed decision-making for urban planners and policymakers. IEMS offers a significant step towards data-driven sustainable urban development, with future work focusing on edge deployment and enhanced multi-modal data fusion
Application of Trichoderma asperellum Liquid Culture for Inducing Resistance of Chili Plant Against Fusarium Wilt
No full textFusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, is a significant disease that severely reduces the productivity of chili plants. This study investigated the potential of Trichoderma asperellum’s liquid culture as a biological control agent to control this disease and induce plant defense enzymes. Our findings demonstrated that applying the liquid culture of T. asperellum can significantly suppress disease development. Several treatments (A, D, E, and G) proved to be the most effective, showing the lowest disease severity and incidence. Furthermore, these treatments successfully increased the activity of key plant defense enzymes: peroxidase in roots (0.8746 U/g) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) in both roots (0.1886 μmol TCA/g) and stems (0.1653 μmol TCA/g). This increase in enzyme activity suggests that T. asperellum not only directly controls the pathogen but also triggers internal resistance mechanisms within the plant. While the liquid culture did not show a significant effect on plant growth, this may be due to the natural variability of T. asperellum and to additional factors, such as pests and environmental stress, in the field. Liquid culture of T. asperellum shows potential as a bioprotectant by suppressing the pathogen and enhancing host resistance
Grassroots Community Movement Towards New Province Formation and City Development in Jambi Province, Indonesia
No full textThis research aims to analyze the movement, discursively constructed by grassroots communities, regarding the need for new regional development that is more socially, economically, and politically accommodating, currently administratively located in Jambi Province. This research employs a mixed-methods approach to gather and analyze the data. The results show that grassroots communities have a dominant discourse on the creation of new provinces and on city development. It is based on considerations of public service and governance effectiveness, strengthening regional autonomy, and advancing local democracy through community empowerment. Secondly, social media plays a vital role in vocalizing the discourse on the formation of a new province and development. Third, despite a discourse on city development and the creation of new provinces, this study found that there are decentralization dilemmas and socio-cultural challenges associated with the separation and unification of several districts with different cultural roots. This study concludes that although this movement is within a deconcentration dialectic, revealing persistent structural and cultural challenges, it strongly affirms the consciousness and efforts to radicalize an autonomy and democratic strengthening that is centralized at the grassroots level. Therefore, within the dialectic of decentralization, this highlights the importance of policymakers maintaining inclusive dialogue and incorporating public will, as the group most impacted by development policies
The Roles of Islamic Banking Institutions on Agriculture Development in Indonesia
No full textStrengthening agricultural development requires sustainable financing channels that can mobilize resources and support long-term sectoral productivity. This study aims to analyse the contribution of Islamic banking institutions (IBs) to agricultural development in Indonesia. The study measures Islamic banking using total financing and total deposits across all Islamic banking institutions, while agricultural development is measured using five macroeconomic indicators of the agricultural sector, namely agricultural GDP, employment, the farmers’ exchange rate (NTP), the agricultural trade balance, and realized agricultural investment. Each indicator is transformed into a composite index using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method to capture multidimensional characteristics. The empirical analysis applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to examine long-term relationships and the Error Correction Model (ECM) to identify short-term dynamics, with Vector Autoregression or the Vector Error Correction Model (VAR/VECM) used as robustness tests. The findings confirm that Islamic banking positively contributes to the performance of the agricultural sector through its intermediary function. The relationship between Islamic banking and agriculture is stable and long-term. The results also reveal a unidirectional causal relationship between Islamic banking and agricultural development. Islamic banking acts as a driving force that mobilizes resources, increases investment capacity, and encourages innovation in the agricultural sector