Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia
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Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak gizi buruk masa lalu di Kabupaten Tanggamus Provinsi Lampung
No full textBackground: Undernutrition is one of factors that influences growth and development of children and causes lost generation. In Indonesia, 2.4 million of underfives suffered from undernutrition and 7 millions of them suffered from protein energy malnutrition. In Tanggamus Regency, 46% of children suffered from protein energy malnutrition and 81 cases suffered from undernutrition.Objective: To identify the relationship between children’s previous undernutrition and their recent growth and development.Method: The study was observational with cross sectional design. Subjects were all undernutrition cases nursed in Regional Public Hospital of Pringsewu Tanggamus from 1999–2001. Antropometric measurement was done to children’s weight and height. The anthropometric indicators were weight for age z-score (waz), height for age z-score (haz), and weight for height z-score (whz). Raw motoric development was measured using Denver test. Data collected using questionnaire were child internal factors and external factors of family’s characteristics and health service. One variable analysis was done descriptively, while t-test was used to know the relationship between children’s previous undernutrition and their recent growth development.Results: There was relationship between previous undernutrition of children and their recent growth (p0,05). The other factor that had relationship with their development were the achievement of D/S (p0,05).Conclusion: There was relationship between previous undernutrition of children and their recent growth, but there was not with the recent development of children. The achievement of D/S was the other factor that had relationship with the growth of children
Hubungan status pestisida dengan status gangguan akibat kekurangan yodium (GAKY) anak SD pada daerah endemik GAKY Kabupaten Dairi
No full textBackground: Thyroxin plays important role in the metabolism of carbohydrate, protein and cholesterol, and in the process of growth. Iodine deficiency disorder not only can be caused by lack of iodine substance but also another competition factor, which is a pollutant substance which is goitergenic (pesticide). This goitergenic substance interferes hormonogenesis of thyroid causing enlargement of thyroid gland known as goiter.Objective: This study was aimed at examining the relationship between status of pesticide and status of iodine deficiency disorders (urinary iodine excretion) of elementary school children and the difference between them based on level of their endemic in Dairi District.Methods: This was an observational study using a cross-sectional design. Palpation of thyroid gland was made to determine the level of endemic; concentration of blood cholinesterase was determined using tinto meter kit; urinary iodine excretion was analyzed with the ammonium persulfate digestion method. Data was analyzed with chi square and anova.Results: Chi square test indicated that the relationship between the concentration of blood cholinesterase and urinary iodine excretion was significant (p0.05) with OR 1.3. Anova test, based on endemic, indicated that there was a significant difference between the concentration of blood cholinesterase and urinary iodine excretion (p<0.05).Conclusion: There was significant relationship between status of pesticide (concentration of blood cholinesterase) and status of iodine deficiency disorder based on urinary iodine excretion and there was no significant relationship between concentration of cholinesterase and iodine deficiency disorders based on the result of palpation. There was a difference in the average status of pesticide and iodine deficiency disorders status among the elementary school children based on their endemic
Hubungan jarak kelahiran dan jumlah anak dengan status gizi anak taman kanak-kanak
No full textBackground: Parents’ attention is needed in the growth and development of children. Nowadays, there are families consisted more than 3 children with short birth interval. It causes parents’ love, attention, and daily needs (especially food) become less.Objectives: The study was conducted to know the relationship between birth interval and number of children in a family and nutritional status of kindergarten children.Methods: The study was observational with cross sectional design. The samples were kindergarten children in Wates District who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were children allowed by their parents to become samples and had at least one sister/brother; whereas the exclusion criteria were children that were sick. The sample size was 193, determined using single sample hypothesis formula. Chi square was used to analyze data.Results: The study showed that birth interval influenced mothering way indirectly (p=0.003), but mothering way did not influence food intake statistically (p=0.73). Food intake influenced nutrition status directly (p=0.001). Number of children did not influence mothering way statistically (p=0.49).Conclusions: Birth interval influences the nutrition status indirectly. There was no relationship between number of children and nutrition status of kindergarten children
Manajemen distribusi kapsul yodium pada ibu hamil di daerah endemik gangguan akibat kekurangan yodium (GAKY) di Kabupaten Gunung Kidul Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
No full textBackground: Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) is a public health problem in Indonesia and this is closely related to intelligent and mental development disorder. Bad effect of IDD to pregnant mothers who suffer from serious IDD problem may happen during their second trimester pregnancy, however, such effect may be overcome by giving iodine substance supplement. Risks that may happen to pregnant mothers, especially to fetus and infants are miscarriage, stillbirth, born disabled, birth with low body weight, cretin, psychomotor disorder, and death in infancy. According to the result of IDD mapping, Total Goiter Rate at Gunung Kidul District is 12.6%. Short term effort to overcome IDD is distributing iodine capsule to the target, but there is problem in its implementation especially in the management process and resources.Objectives: To determine relationship between management factor and iodine capsule distribution coverage to pregnant mothers at IDD endemic area, Gunung Kidul District.Methods: The study was observational with cross sectional design which used both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Subjects were all nutrition staff and pregnant mothers at community health centers of IDD endemic areas at Gunung Kidul District.Results: There was significant relationship between iodine capsule intake status and urine iodine level (χ2=23.0 p<0.001). This showed that iodine capsule intake status could increase urine iodine excretion level of pregnant mothers. Management process (planning, implementation, control) had significant relationship with urine iodine excretion level of pregnant mothers subsequently (χ2=5.4, p=0.02, OR=1.86, χ2=16.64, p<0.001, OR=2.98, χ2=8.74, p=0.004, OR=2.23). This meant that good management process could increase iodine capsule intake status. Resources (human resources, facilities, fund) had significant relationship with iodine capsule intake status of pregnant mothers subsequently (χ2=4.65, p=0.043, OR=1.83, χ2=6.04, p=0.019, OR=1.94, χ2=6.04, p=0.019, OR=1.94). This showed that sufficient resources could increase iodine capsule intake status of pregnant mothers. Iodine capsule intake status of pregnant mothers was low, i.e. 86 persons of average 35.5% out of 263 respondents and median of urine iodine excretion of pregnant mothers belonged to IDD endemic category, i.e. 86.58 g/dL.Conclusion: Management process and resources had not functioned well and there was significant relationship between management process (planning, implementation, control); and resources (staff, fund, facilities) with coverage of iodine capsule distribution to pregnant mothers. Iodine capsule intake status of pregnant mothers tended to increase urine iodine excretion level of pregnant mothers
Hubungan antara status gangguan akibat kekurangan yodium (GAKY), status anemia dengan prestasi belajar anak sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Dairi Provinsi Sumatra Utara
No full textBackground: Disorders resulting from iodine deficiency and anemia will decrease learning achievement among elementary school children. Iodine deficiency has negative impacts on the growth of nervous cells that, in turn, influence their intelligence and learning ability. Also, the anemia condition will cause difficulties in logic and analogous thinking and decrease of concentration to study that have a negative impact in the form of declined learning achievement among the students.Objectives: To examine relationship between status of iodine deficiency disorder and learning achievement of elementary school children, examine relationship between status of anemia and learning achievement of elementary school children, and examine relationship between status of iodine deficiency disorder and status of anemia among the elementary children in Dairi District North Sumatra.Methods: This was an observational study using a cross-sectional design. The study population was all elementary school children in Dairi District and selected samples were 247 individuals. These samples were selected using multistage sampling design, where subjects were randomly selected. Data were processed with univariate analysis and statistical test was a bivariate using chi square test to find out relationship between status of iodine deficiency disorder and learning achievement among the elementary school children, relationship between status of anemia and learning achievement among elementary school children, and relationship between status of iodine deficiency disorder and status of anemia among the elementary school children. The entire data were processed with a computer.Results: The study indicated that there was relationship between status of iodine deficiency disorder and learning achievement among the elementary school children (p=0.000. There was also relationship between status of anemia and learning achievement among the elementary school children (p=0.001, OR=2.365), but there was no relationship between status of iodine deficiency disorder and status of anemia among the elementary school children (p=0.749).Conclusion: There were significant relationship between status of iodine deficiency disorder and status of anemia and learning achievement of elementary school children (p=0.001)
Pengetahuan dan sikap suami behubungan dengan perilaku keluarga mandiri sadar gizi (kadarzi) di Kota Bandung Provinsi Jawa Barat
No full textBackground: A nutrition awareness of family (kadarzi) can be actualized through family empowerment by improving knowledge and attitude toward nutrition alert behavior. To implement the program of kadarzi needs a motivator, i.e. a husband as head of the family. The result of kadarzi mapping at Bandung Municipality in 2005 showed that 57.23% of families were not nutrition alert. Therefore, it is necessary to study the relationship between knowledge and attitude of husbands and behavior of kadarzi.Objective: To identify the relationship between knowledge and attitude of husbands and behavior of kadarzi.Method: The study was observational with cross sectional design using quantitative method. Analysed units were 378 households with husbands and wives as respondents. Location of the study was Bandung Municipality and samples were taken using multistage cluster technique. Data of knowledge and attitude of husbands in kadarzi were obtained through observation using check list. Data analysed with univariable and bivariable technique; statistical test used chi square (χ2 ) and multivariable analysis used logistic regression statistical test.Results: Knowledge of husbands on kadarzi was 63.2% belonged to high category and 36.6% belonged to low category. Attitude of husbands toward kadarzi was 53.2% belonged to strong category and 46.8% belonged to weak category. As much as 69.60% of families had not practiced kadarzi and 30.40% had practiced kadarzi. The result of statistical test showed that there were significant relationship between knowledge and attitude of husbands and behavior of kadarzi, wives’ level of education and activities and behavior of kadarzi (p<0.05).Conclusion: There was a siginifcant relationship between knowledge and attitude of husbands and behavior of kadarzi when control variables of wives’ education and activities were included in the analysis
Konsumsi sagu keluarga berdasarkan preferensi dan persepsi nilai sosial sagu keluarga di Kabupaten Konawe Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara
No full textBackground: Variety of staple foods has an important role in supporting food security of the community. However, more people who used to consume non rice turn to consume rice nowadays. Sago (sinonggi) as one of staple foods is consumed less every year in Sulawesi Tenggara. This may be due to some factors, among others are preferences of the community to sago, perception of the community about social value of sago and sago availability.Objective: To identify the consumption of sago of the family in relation to preferences and perception of the family about social value of sago, availability of sago in the family level and its distribution.Method: The study was observational with cross sectional design. Research location was determined using cluster stratified random sampling technique. Three sub districts represented category of far, medium, and close from district capital. Two villages represented category of close and far from sub district capital. Distribution of 196 households samples were taken with proportionate sampling technique in 6 chosen villages. Variables of the study consisted of preferences to sago, perception about social value of sago, sago consumption and availability of sago in the household. Data were obtained through structured interview using questionnaire and observation. Bivariable analysis used chi-square; whereas multivariable used logistic regression.Results: Sago as complementary food of rice was consumed everyday by 65% of households. Preference level of sago was like (70.4%) and favorite (29.6%). Household perceived social value of sago as low (74.0%) and not low (26.0%). Sago was always available throughout the years at distribution level.Conclusions: There were differences in the consumption of sago based on the family preferences of sago, the family perception of sago social values, and the household availability of sago. Sago availability in the household was the most dominant factor of sago consumption in the household
Usia penyapihan dan hubungannya dengan intelegensi pada siswa TK
No full textBackground: Nutrition is the important aspect in improving quality of human being resources. Malnutrition is still a problem in Indonesia. This problem is caused by some factors, those are direct and indirect factors. Direct factors consist of dietary intake and infection disease. Dietary intake is a combination of breast milk and complementary foods. Indirect factors consist of food supply at home, treatment of pregnant mother and children, and health service. Early weaning will generate malnutrition at young age if it is not complemented with sufficient feeding. Malnutrition at young age can affect brain function permanently, because the development of brain will be optimum before two years old. This condition can influence the development of chidren’s intelligence.Objective: The objective of the study was to find out the relationship between weaning age and intelligence.Method: This was a cross sectional study, at kindergarten in Mlati Sub-district. Subjects were recruited based on a simple random sampling technique. There were 194 children and mothers who met the inclusion criteria and the exclusion criteria. Those were who had chronic disease and never got breastfeeding. Instruments in this study were questionnaire, microtoise, and Standford-Binet test. Data were analysed with chi square test.Results: The study showed that 52.6% of children had the age of weaning 2 years. Out of 194 children, 79.9% were normal and 20.1% of them were stunted. There were 97.7% of children who had good intelligence, whereas 2.1% of them had low intelligence. There was no significant relationship between nutritional status and intelligence (p=0.181), but there was significant relationship between cognitive stimulation and intelligence (p=0.037). There was no significant relationship between weaning age and nutritional status (p=0.209), and neither was relationship between weaning age and intelligence (p=1.000).Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between nutritional status and intelligence
Pemberian diet modifikasi komersial dan pengaruhnya terhadap asupan makanan dan status gizi pasien penyakit ginjal kronik prehemodialisis di RSUP DR. M. Djamil Padang
No full textBackground: Chronic kidney disease causes progressive deterioration of kidney function and is commonly irreversible, leading to nausea and vomiting as a consequence of high ureum and creatinine in the blood. This condition results in declining appetite which greatly affects food intake and degrading nutritional status that causes high mortality among chronic kidney patients. Therefore efforts are made on how to increase intake of chronic kidney patients.Objective: To identify the effect of nutrition therapy through commercial diet modification to nutrition intake and status of pre-hemodialysis chronic kidney patients at DR. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang.Method: The study was a quasi experiment which used pre-test and post-test with control group design. Population of the study were all patients of pre-hemodialysis chronic kidney disease hospitalized at DR. M. Djamil Hospital of Padang. Samples were patients of pre-hemodialysis chronic kidney disease at internal medicine ward. The experiment group consisted of 11 patients who got modified diet within 6 days and control group consisted of 11 patients who got hospital standard diet with α = 0.05 and ß = 10%. The study were collected from January-March 2008. Data of intake were analyzed using Nutri Survey program. Statistical t-test and chi-square were used to identify the effect of commercial modified diet to food intake, nutritional status, and increase of ureum and creatinine. Absorption level was measured from the quantity of commercial nutrition used. Perception of the patients about commercial diet was obtained through questionnaires and analyzed to get the score.Results: The group with modified diet had better energy and protein intake than the group with hospital standard diet (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in nutritional status, ureum and creatinine changes between patients who got modified diet and those who got hospital standard diet (p < 0.05). The result of analysis on perception of patients about commercial diet showed that patients could accept commercial diet.Conclusion: Commercial modified diet could increase intake of energy and protein of pre-hemodialysis chronic kidney patients
Pola makan, asupan zat gizi, dan status gizi anak balita Suku Anak Dalam di Nyogan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi Provinsi Jambi
No full textBackground: Anak Dalam Tribal Community lives in an isolated area with meagre living pattern and numerous limitations. This condition affects eating pattern and nutritional status of underfives of Anak Dalam Tribe.Objective: To identify eating pattern, nutrient intake, and nutritional status of underfives of Anak Dalam Tribe at Nyogan, District of Muaro Jambi, Province of Jambi.Method: The study was observational with cross sectional design. Population of the study were underfives of Anak Dalam Tribe aged 24–59 months at Nyogan, District of Muaro Jambi, Province of Jambi. Data obtained consisted of eating pattern, nutrient intake and nutritional status, characteristics of parents and subject as well as general overview of the location of the study. Chi-square test was used to find out the relationship between nutrient intake and nutritional status.Results: As much as 54.2% of children of Anak Dalam Tribe had varied types of foods and 52.1% of them had good eating frequency; 45.8% had incomplete types of foods and 47.9% had poor eating frequency. Average energy and protein intake of underfives of Anak Dalam Tribe were 1,020.93 ± 298.68 kcal/day and 28.49 ± 8.08 g/day. Most of the children had adequate energy and protein intake (> 80% nutrition sufficiency); i.e. 60.4% and 77.1% subsequently. Those who had inadequate energy and protein intake were 39.6% and 22.9% subsequently. Inadequate nutritional status of underfives of Anak Dalam Tribe using indicator of weight/age was 16.7%, height/age was 12.5%, and weight/height was 8.3%.Conclusion: There was significant relationship between nutrient intake (energy and protein) and nutritional status of underfives of Anak Dalam Tribe