Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia
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Penentuan titik potong skor sindroma metabolik remaja dan penilaian validitas diagnostik parameter antropometri: analisis Riskesdas 2013
Get PDFBackground: The risk of death caused by non-communicable diseases is related to metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome not only occurs in adults, but also occurs in adolescents. The problem of metabolic syndrome in adolescents shows the importance of early detection and management. Early detection of metabolic syndrome in adolescents can be done through non-invasive approaches such as anthropometric measurements. However, the definition of metabolic syndrome has so far not reached an agreement.Objective: This study aims 1) To know the intersection points of adolescent metabolic syndrome 2) To know the best anthropometry parameters for detecting metabolic syndrome in adolescents.Method: This study used cross sectional design, using Riskesdas 2013 survey data. The sample size of this study was 3273 adolescents aged 15-24 years. The analysis using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) indicated the accuracy of the score to diagnose metabolic syndrome, supported by area under the curve (AUC) results. The best parameters were seen from the largest AUC values, taking into account the sensitivity and specificity values.Results: The metabolic syndrome scores in general for Indonesian adolescents=2.21 (sensitivity=83%, specificity=84%). Specific cutoff point for women=2.02 (sensitivity=84%, specificity=85%), and for males=2.40 (sensitivity=86%, specificity=82%). The best anthropometric parameters for detecting metabolic syndrome in adolescents are abdominal circumference (AUC=0.77; sensitivity=71%, specificity=67%).Conclusion: Abdominal circumference has the best validity and can be used for early detection of the risk of metabolic syndrome in adolescent
Pengaruh yogurt sinbiotik pisang terhadap kadar glukosa dan insulin tikus sindrom metabolik
Get PDFBackground: The metabolic syndrome often begins with insulin resistance characterized by hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia. Synbiotic yoghurt tanduk banana contains probiotic and prebiotic FOS can improve insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome.Objective: To prove the effect of synbiotic yoghurt tanduk banana can reduce blood glucose levels and insulin levels in metabolic syndrome rats.Method: True-experimental study with randomized controlled group pre-post test design in male wistar rats. Eighteen samples were induced to become metabolic syndrome with high fat fructose diet for 2 weeks and they were divided into 3 groups: control (K) was given standard diet, treatment group 1 (P1), and treatment group 2 (P2) were given sinbiotic yoghurt tanduk banana dose of 0.009 ml/g body weight (BW)/day and 0.018 ml/g BW/day for 2 weeks.Results: The paired t-test showed there were differences of blood glucose levels and insulin levels before and after treatment in P2 group. The Kruskal Wallis test showed there were differences of mean blood glucose levels inter group after treatment (p<0.05). The One-way Anova test showed there were differences of mean insulin levels inter group after treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion: Synbiotic yoghurt tanduk banana can reduce blood glucose levels and insulin levels in metabolic syndrome rat with effective dose is 0.018 ml/grBW/day
Suplementasi ekstrak albumin ikan gabus terhadap status gizi dan imunitas pasien stroke
Get PDFBackground: Malnutrition and immunology change in stroke would affect the outcome of the stroke patient. The supplement of the extract of snakehead fish as an alternative is expected could reduce the effect pasca stroke.Objective: This study aims to assess the effect of snakehead fish supplementation on nutritional status, levels of albumin, TLC and TNF-α in stroke patients.Method: This type of study is a quasi-experimental, pre-test post-test group design, by providing treatment to the subject of research and treatment effects were measured and analyzed. Subjects were divided into two groups; a first group which receives 3 x 2 capsule of snakehead fish supplementation as well as diet and nutrition education (intervention group) and the second group that received only diet and education (control group).Results: From the results, it was found that nutritional status, which was obtained by measuring UAC in cases and controls are good (SG ≥ 85%) but no significant differences between them (p=0.914). There are significant differences between albumin levels before and after intervention (p=0.023) with an average increase of 0.2 g/dl, but not in the control group (p=0.931). For TLC values increased in the intervention group (990,5 sel/mm3) and a decrease in the control group (645,03 sel/mm3) with a significant difference in both groups (p=0.034). There was a decrease of TNFα in both group; for cases (mean=-2.91) and controls (mean=-2.58) with significant differences between the two groups (p=0.001).Conclusion: The supplementation of an extract of snakehead fish could increase the albumin and TLC level and decrease the TNFα in stroke patients
Faktor risiko osteoporosis pada wanita usia 40-80 tahun: status menopause dan obesitas
Get PDFBackground: Osteoporosis is a disease of the musculoskeletal system which are common in women. Menopausal status which affects the production of oestrogen and obesity status that describes mass and distribution of body fat have the potential to affect bone density, which in turn may have an impact on the incidence of osteoporosis.Objective: To analyze the menopausal and obesity status as risk factors for osteoporosis in women aged 40-80 years.Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 224 women aged 40-80 years in Ngemplak Simongan, Semarang. Status of obesity was determined by percent of body fat, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio (WHR). Menopausal status was determined based on the occurrence of menstruation in the past one year, and the age was calculated from the difference between date of birth and date of measurement. Bone density was assessed frombone mineral density measurement. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to determine the relationship and the most influential factors. The risk was expressed in ratio prevalence (RP).Results: The prevalence of low bone density and obesity in each age range, were 43.8% and 57.9% for ages 40-50 years, 67.7% and 58.6% for ages 51-60 years, 84.9% and 49.1% for ages 61-70 year, 86.7% and 66.7% for ages 71-80 years. There were significant relationships between age, menopausal status, BMI, WHR and bone density (p=0.000, p=0.032, p=0.043, p=0.017, respectively). Osteoporosis (13.3%) and osteopenia (58.7%) were most widely experienced by subjects with high WHR and menopause. Percentage of osteopenia in high WHR and non-menopause subjects (60%) was higher than normal WHR and menopause subjects (52.9%). Age 61-80 years, high WHR, and non-obese BMI were the most influenced risk factorsfor the incidence of low bone density (p=0.001, p=0.038, p=0.043). Ratio prevalence of elderly, high WHR and non-obese BMI were 1.448, 1.326, 1.208.Conclusion: High WHR explains the role of android obesity and visceral fat as risk factors for low bone density. Premenopausal women will be more at risk of having low bone density if they have high WHR
Keseimbangan asam-basa tubuh dan kejadian sindrom metabolik pada remaja obesitas
Get PDFBackground: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increased in young population, indicated by the rise in obesity among children and adolescent. The Western dietary pattern was one of the causes. A Western diet rich in animal protein can produce acid during the metabolic process and may cause an acid-excess in the body (dietary acid load). This process was contributed to acid-base balance through the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids (cysteine and methionine) which produce H+ ions as well as lowering the pH.Objective: To examine the association between acid-base balance and components of metabolic syndrome among obese adolescent.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 obese adolescents in Semarang high school. We measured Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) score and pH urine as an acid-base indicator. MetS are defined ≥ 3 following risk factors: waist circumference ≥90th percentile, blood pressure ≥90th percentile, triglycerides ≥110 mg/dl, HDL levels ≤40 mg/dl, and fasting blood glucose levels ≥110 mg/dl. Normality test used the Shapiro-Wilk test (n <50). The bivariate analysis used Pearson test, Rank-Spearman test, and Chi-Square test. The multivariate analysis used Multivariate Linear Regression analysis of Backward.Results: PRAL score was associated with waist circumference (r=0,347; p=0,028), sistolic blood pressure (r=0,590; p=<0,001), diastolic blood pressure (r=0,668; p=<0,001), and triglyceride levels (r=0,362; p=0,022). pH urin was not associated with any risk factors of MetS.Conclusion: High dietary acid load may be a risk factor for the development of MetS
Studi komparasi beberapa metode skrining penilaian status gizi pada pasien dewasa rawat inap rumah sakit
Get PDFBackground: It is necessary to diagnose level of malnutrition in hospitalized patient to give optimal nutrition support. Many different nutrition screening assessment have been developed. In Indonesia, Simple Nutrition Screening Tool (SNST) that had been used in same hospital and the result was good enough in validity-realibility.Objective: To assessed that SNST were simple and practical nutrition screening tool for detecting level of malnutrition in different type of hospitalized patient.Method: Observational cross-sectional design with total of sampling two hundred and eighty seven adult patients from 2nd and 3rd class of surgical, internal, or neurology ward of RSUD Sleman. Independent variables are SNST, Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) 2002, Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST). Dependent variables are Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), body mass index (BMI), mid upper arm circumference (MUAC), and hemoglobin (Hb). Receive Operating Curve (ROC) were used for measuring validity of each screening tools. The proportion difference between at-risk group and not at-risk group was assessed by Chi-square test. The mean difference of BMI, MUAC, and Hb between both of group was assessed by independent sample t-test.Results: SNST has highest validity compared to NRS-2002, MST, and MUST with Sensitivity 99,0%, Specificity 84,5 and Area Under Curve (AUC) 0,917. Based on SNST, the proportion difference of at-risk group and not at-risk group between surgical patients and internal-neurology patients was statistically significant (p<0,05); the proportion difference of at-risk group and not at-risk group between young adult, adult, and elderly patients was statistically significant (p<0,05); the mean difference of BMI, MUAC, and Hb between at-risk group and not at-risk group was also statistically significant (p<0,05).Conclusion: All of the nutrition screening tools can be used as predictor of malnutrition in hospitalized patients but, the SNST has the best validity as a nutrition screening to predict malnutrition
Pemberian minuman kombinasi maltodekstrin dan vitamin C terhadap mood negatif dan VO2 maks atlet sepak bola
Get PDFBackground: Stress during the match can influence the change of mood and performance of athletes. Physical exercise can improve the ability of physiologically and psychologically, but lead to fatigue, dehydration and hypoglycemia. Maltodextrin has a lower osmolarity to improve emotional and performance. Vitamin C as a cofactor of neurotransmitters can support the performance of athletes.Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a combination drinks of maltodextrin and vitamin C on mood and the correlation with VO2 max of football athletes.Method: This research is a quasi experimental with same subject design. The subjects were 14 University state of Yogyakarta football athlete. Subjects received a drink of 15% maltodextrin and 250 mg of vitamin C in 300 ml given 30 minutes before and 5 minutes after the performance test using yo-yo intermittent test continued by physical exercise. Measurement of mood would be done in 3 times; before cardiorespiratory test, 5 minutes after physical exercise, and 15 minutes after drink.Results: There are significant changes after consuming a combination of maltodextrin and vitamin C on the confusion (p0.05). There are significant changes after consuming plain water on fatigue and tension (p0.05). There are no significant differences in every components of mood between two treatments. There is a correlation between anger and confusion with cardiorespiratory after consuming a combination of maltodextrin and vitamin C.Conclusion: Maltodextrin and vitamin C has the potential effect to improve the mood condition and have a correlation with VO2 Max improvement in football athletes
Application of red pitaya powder as a natural food colourant in fruit pastille
Get PDFBackground: Confectionary products meet the important consumers’ need states of fun and enjoyment, especially among children. Synthetic colourant had been applied as a colouring agent in confectionery products for decades, however various adverse health effects have been reported after consumption. Hence, usage of natural colourant has increased enormously as it confers functional and nutraceutical benefits. Red pitaya, a common and popular fruit cultivated in South-east Asian countries. It is rich betacyanin content that gives the fruit a red-violet colour. Hence, red pitaya is a potential source of natural colorant as an alternative to the synthetic colorant.Objective: This research was aimed to produce fruit pastille with red pitaya powder applied as a natural colourant.Method: Production of red pitaya powder was achieved through spray drying process. Fruit pastille was prepared and subjected to antioxidant, stability and sensory analysis.Results: The Physicochemical study showed that pastille incorporated with red pitaya powder exhibited significantly (p<0.05) higher antioxidant properties than the blank pastille (control). An eight weeks storage stability study revealed that betacyanin content of pastille incorporated with pitaya powder remained stable for the first four weeks of storage. Besides, no significant change was observed in redness (a*) of pastille throughout the storage study. Sensory study was carried out to assess the consumer preference on pastille incorporated with pitaya powder and synthetic colourant. Colour attribute of pastille incorporated with red pitaya powder has gained significantly (p<0.05) higher liking that the one added with synthetic colour.Conclusion: Red pitaya powder could be a potential natural colourant for gummy confectionery
Kecukupan zat gizi makro, status gizi, stres, dan siklus menstruasi pada remaja
Get PDFBackground: Adolescence is the transition period from children to adults which is characterized by the occurrence of changes in the body that allowed it to reproductive health problems. One of reproductive health problems is menstrual cycle disorders. Menstrual cycle disorder due to several factors including food intake, nutritional status, and stress.Objective: This research supposed to know the association the sufficient of macro-nutrients, nutritional status and stress with the menstrual cycle on adolescent at SMA Negeri Jakarta 21, 2016.Method: This design research is observation analytic with cross sectional approach. Sampling technique used proportionate random sampling and obtained 83 respondents adolescent. The technique of data collection used menstrual cycle questionnaire, DASS 14, food recall 3x24 hours (2 weekdays and 1 weekend), standardized food ingredient photos, and nutrisurvey.Results: There is 68.7% of respondents have an abnormal menstrual cycle. Based on statistical analysis of Chi-Square test, there is a significant relation between sufficient intake of carbohydrates (p=0.030), sufficient intake of protein (p=0.001), sufficient intake of fat (p=0.003), nutritional status (p=0,004), stress (p=0.000) and menstrual cycle. Based on logistic regression test results obtained the factors that most influence the menstrual cycle i.e. nutritional status (OR=20.16).Conclusion: Sufficient intake of macronutrients, nutritional status, and stress can affect menstrual cycle on adolescent, and nutritional status is the dominant factor that can affect the menstrual cycle
Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Acorus calamus. L leaf and rhizome extracts
Get PDFBackground: Acorus calamus (sweet flag) is a well-known traditional herb used in India. There were only limited studies done on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic extracts of A. calamus and the biological activities of phenolic and flavonoid compounds as well as alpha-asarone in the sweet flag.Objective: The present study was designed to explore the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic of A. calamus leaf and rhizome extracts. Lastly, the correlation between the biological activities and total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) as well as total alpha-asarone content (TAC) of three different extracts (water, hexane and methanol extracts) was revealed.Method: TAC was determined through using HPLC method, while TPC and TFC were determined through spectrophotometric method. DPPH-free radical scavenging assay (DPPH-FRS) and ferric reducing power assay (FRAP) were used to analyze antioxidant activity, whereby disc diffusion method was used to analyze the antibacterial activity.Results: Methanol extracts had significantly (p<0.05) highest levels of antioxidant activities, antibacterial activity TPC (4.466%1; 3.603%2) and TFC (12.819%1; 7.411%2) content. The significant (p<0.05) highest TAC was observed in hexane extracts (0.762%1; 2.975%2). TPC (p<0.05; r=0.855) and TFC (p<0.05; r=0.855) correlated to FRAP, while DPPH-FRS solely correlated to TFC (p<0.05; r=0.873).Conclusion: Both of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic extracts of A. calamus could be potent antioxidant agents for nutraceutical application and antibacterial agent for food application. Lastly, flavonoids and phenols extracted from sweet flag could be a good potent source of antioxidants for nutraceuticals or food additives as those compounds are correlated to the antioxidant activity.1 Leaf extract; 2Rhizome extrac