Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia
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Pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku, dan asupan gizi berdasarkan status hidrasi ibu hamil
Get PDFMaternal nutritional knowledge, attitude, behavior, and intake based on hydration statusBackground: Based on past studies, 49% of pregnant women had low knowledge of nutrition and hydration. Nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and behavior are positively correlated to nutritional intake, malnutrition and dehydration may disturb maternal health and pregnancy outcome.Objectives: To analyze maternal nutritional knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and nutritional intake based on the hydration status.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Puskesmas Kebon Jeruk District, West Jakarta using a purposive sampling method. Subjects were 50 pregnant women who came to check their pregnancies. Subject’s characteristics, nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and behavior are collected with a questionnaire, nutritional intake with 1x24 hours recall. Hemoglobin (Hb) level is determined with Haemometer, urine specific gravity with Urinometer, and urine color with PURI card.Results: Subjects had an average age of 29.0±5.7 years, gestational age 21.3±11.3 weeks, weight 62.7±9 kg, height 158.1±4.1 cm, upper arm circumference 32.4±29.5 cm, Hb level 12.2±0.9 g/dL, urine color score 4±0.9, and urine specific gravity 1016±5.4. Based on urine specific gravity, 56% of the pregnant women were euhydrated and 44% were dehydrated. Based on the hydration status there were no differences in knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and macronutrient intake (p≥0.05), except for the fluid intake (p<0.05).Conclusions: Although the knowledge, attitudes, and nutritional behavior of pregnant women were not poor, optimization of the fluid consumption to 3L/day, and diversified food consumption is needed. Further research on external factors that can affect the nutritional status and hydration of pregnant women is recommended
Pengaruh pemberian jus jamur tiram terhadap kadar kolesterol, trigliserida, dan malondialdehid penderita hiperkolesterolemia
Get PDFThe effect of white oyster mushroom juice (Pleurotus ostreatus) to total cholesterol, triglyceride, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients with hypercholesterolemiaBackground: The high incidence of hypercholesterolemia due to the wrong diet is a health problem that needs to be addressed immediately. One food ingredient that is being cultivated and believed to have a hypocholesterolemic effect is a white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). These foods contain water-soluble fiber (β glucans) and lovastatin which are useful for improving lipid profiles. Objective: To determine the effect of white oyster mushroom juice (Pleurotus ostreatus) to total cholesterol, triglyceride, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design. This study was conducted by giving white oyster mushroom juice (Pleurotus ostreatus) for 14 days and then measured its effect on total cholesterol, triglyceride, and MDA levels. The location of the study in Pisangan Tridadi Sleman and the respondent was adults aged 18-55 years who had hypercholesterolemia. Data collection of lipid profiles was taken from venous plasma blood after 12 hours of fasting. While MDA levels were measured by using the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. The changes in cholesterol, triglycerides, and MDA levels after administration of white oyster mushroom juice analyzed using paired-t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The oyster mushroom juice affected decreasing triglyceride levels (2.27 mg/dL; p=0.023). There was no difference in the mean total cholesterol and MDA levels between before and after the intervention. Conclusions: Consumption of white oyster mushroom juice for 14 days significantly reduce triglyceride levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia
Perbedaan status gizi bayi usia 6-9 bulan yang diberi MPASI buatan pabrik dan rumah
Get PDFThe differences of nutritional status of 6-9 months old infant given factory-made and homemade complementary foodsBackground: The nutritional status of 6-9 months old babies depend on the amount of nutrition acquired from breastmilk and complementary food. The incorrect feeding of complementary food may contribute to poor nutritional status. Objective: This study aims to illustrate the nutritional status of factory-made and homemade complementary food, and analyze the difference in the nutritional status of infants given factory-made and homemade complementary food.Methods: This is an analytic, observational, and cross-sectional study, conducted in seven villages within the scope of Puskesmas Jatinangor, Jatinangor Sub-district, Sumedang Regency in August-October 2018. The samples were 102 babies 6-9 months old obtained through total sampling. The variables of this study include the type of complementary food, and infant nutritional status with weight for age, length for age, and weight for height index.Results: Complementary food consumption is dominated by factory-made type (69.6%). Macronutrients which are energy and protein and micronutrients which are vitamins from both types of complementary food already fulfill the daily recommended dietary allowances for babies, except for minerals which are calcium, iron, and zinc. Chi-Square test results showed an insignificant difference in the nutritional status of babies (p=0,881 for BW/A; p=0.194 for BH/A; and p=0,599 for BW/BH) based on the type of complementary food given.Conclusions: Nutritional contents of macro and micronutrients from both types of complementary food have fulfilled the recommended dietary allowances for complementary food, except for the minerals calcium, iron, and zinc. There wasn’t a considerable difference in nutritional status between those acquired through factory-made and homemade complementary food
Source of energy intake of Papuan and non-Papuan high-school students in Jayapura: their association with risk for overweight/ obesity
Get PDFBackground: The worldwide prevalence of obesity is increasing. Obesity is associated with many factors, including the consumption pattern of energy-producing food, i.e. carbohydrate and fat, which is, most likely associated with ethnicity. In Riskesdas 2007, Jayapura held the highest prevalence of obesity in adults in Indonesia. Jayapura lived the Papuan and Non-Papuan descents population. Objective: To determine the association between energy intake, the contribution of carbohydrate and fat to energy intake in overweight/ obesity in Papuan and non-Papuan high-school students. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 150 Papuan and 150 non-Papuan students from three high schools in the district. Body mass index (BMI) derived from the measurement of body weight and height were grouped into overweight/obesity and not-overweight/ obesity. Source of energy was estimated using 3 (three) days non-consecutive 24 hours of food recall questionnaire. Energy intake and the contribution of carbohydrate and fat to energy intake were analyzed with an independent t-test and Chi-Square test. Results: The prevalence of overweight/ obesity was similar between Papuan and non-Papuan students (22.0 vs. 23.0%). The two groups had a similar amount of energy intake, however, the contribution of carbohydrate and fat to the total energy intake was significantly different. Obese/ overweight students had a significantly higher intake of energy, however, within the same ethnic group, the contribution of carbohydrate and fat in obese/ overweight students did not significantly differ. Conclusions: High energy intake was associated with overweight/obesity in both groups. The contribution of carbohydrates to total energy intake was higher in Papuan. However, the contribution of carbohydrate and fat to energy intake was not associated with overweight/ obesity in both groups
Indeks glikemik cookies growol: studi pengembangan produk makanan selingan bagi penyandang diabetes mellitus
Get PDFGlycemic index of growol cookies: snack development study for people with diabetes mellitusBackground: Low-glycemic foods with high fiber content have been shown to control blood glucose in diabetics. Growol, cassava fermented food, can be potentially developed as a functional food for diabetics. Growol has higher dietary fiber and lower total sugar, reducing sugar, and sucrose compared to cassava. Carbohydrates in growol combined with roasting processing techniques into cookies products may potentially change the glycemic index of the product.Objective: To examine the potency of growol cookies as a snack for diabetics in terms of the glycemic index of cookies.Methods: This observational laboratory study analyzed the glycemic index of growol cookies compared to glucose and control cookies. The study was conducted from April to October 2019. Ten subjects were involved in the glycemic index measurement. The glycemic index was analyzed through the area under the curve (AUC) ratio of glucose response of food by measuring blood glucose levels during fasting; 30; 60; 90; and 120 minutes after consuming test foods (growol cookies and control cookies).Results: AUC for glucose, control cookies, and growol cookies were 13,669.5; 11,886; and 11,941.5. The glucose glycemic index was 100, while the glycemic index of control cookies and growol cookies was 87. Both control cookies and growol cookies are high glycemic index food. There was an AUC difference between glucose and control cookies (p=0.001) and between glucose and growol cookies (p=0.001). The difference in AUC between control cookies and growol cookies (p=0.991) was not seen.Conclusions: Growol cookies have a lower glycemic index than glucose, but it still cannot be consumed as an alternative snack for diabetics
Lingkar lengan atas, indeks massa tubuh, dan tinggi fundus ibu hamil sebagai prediktor berat badan lahir
Get PDFUpper arm circumference, body mass index, and fundal height of pregnant women to estimate birth weightBackground: Accuracy of estimated infant’s birth weight is one of the most important measurements at the beginning of labor. Some anthropometric measures of pregnant women are upper arm circumference (MUAC) as a screening tool for chronic energy deficiency, body mass index (BMI) for assessment of chronic energy deficiency status, and indicators of fundal height to estimate birth weight. However, many studies with varying results are related to the accuracy of estimated birth weight.Objective: The study aimed to compare the capacity of MUAC, BMI, and fundal height indicators in predicting birth weight.Methods: The type of research is a cross-sectional study carried out at the Sadewa Maternal and Child Hospital in Yogyakarta in June-August 2018 with a 376 sample. The independent variables were MUAC, BMI, and fundal height, and the dependent variable is birth weight. Bivariate analysis using Pearson correlation and AUC and ROC curve tests.Results: There is a relationship between BMI and the fundal height of pregnant women with birth weight. The AUC BMI value (AUC=0.519) was found to be the highest compared to the MUAC (AUC=0.496) and fundal height (AUC=0.466) measurements.Conclusions: Pre-pregnancy BMI had a better capacity for predicting birth weight than MUAC and fundal height
Konsumsi zat gizi dan parameter lemak tubuh pada wanita umur lebih dari 40 tahun
Get PDFFood intake and body fat parameter among women older than 40 years old in DenpasarBackground: The prevalence of obesity in Indonesia tends to increase, particularly among women older than 40 years old.Objective: This study aimed to identify the associations between nutrient consumption and parameters of body fat among women in Denpasar.Methods: This was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The population was women aged older than 40 years old in Denpasar with sampled population were members Dharma Wanita PDAM Kota Denpasar. Eighty out of 200 women were selected through systematic random sampling method. Variables collected in this study included women’s characteristics, nutrient consumption, and body fat parameters: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist to hip ratio (WHR). Analysis of the relationship between nutrient consumption and body fat parameters using the Spearman Rank correlation.Results: This study found that the majority aged 41-50 years (83.8%), were Balinese (95.0%), have married (98.8%), did not use contraception (65.0%), completed higher education (63.8%), worked in informal sector (60.0%), had low income (65.0%), had no history of obesity (80.0%) and no family with degenerative diseases (73.8%). Based on the body fat parameters, most of the women were obese based on BMI (52.5%), WC (70.0%), and WHR (57.5%) categories. There was a significant association between fiber consumption and waist circumference (p=0.021).Conclusions: There was an association between fiber consumption and waist circumference, thus having a balanced and varied diet is recommended to prevent obesity and reduce risk factors for degenerative diseases
Peningkatan visceral adiposity index berhubungan dengan sindrom metabolik remaja obesitas
Get PDFThe increased visceral adiposity index associated with metabolic syndrome in obese adolescentsBackground: Metabolic syndrome is a complex risk factor of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus type II. Metabolic syndrome scores are calculated to describe the severity of the risk of metabolic syndrome. Adipose tissue is an independent risk factor for metabolic changes related to metabolic syndrome. One indicator to calculate the distribution and fat function is through the calculation of the visceral adiposity index (VAI).Objective: Analyzing the correlation of VAI with metabolic syndrome score in adolescents in the City of Semarang.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 95 obese adolescents in Semarang City aged 12-17 years who were selected by consecutive sampling method. The inclusion criteria were students aged 12-17 years; subjects were obese based on BMI for age (BMI/U > 95th percentile CDC 2000 curves); not in chronic pain or the care of a doctor; and not on a certain diet. Data collected were waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, fasting blood sugar levels, triglyceride levels, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Metabolic syndrome scores are calculated using metabolic syndrome risk score (cMets). VAI is calculated to measure fat distribution and dysfunction. Correlation of VAI with metabolic syndrome and the component was analyzed with the Spearman test.Results: VAI score has a range of 1.8-14.9 with a greater mean in female subjects. The metabolic syndrome score has a range of -5.9 to 6.3 with a greater mean in male subjects. The Spearman correlation test showed a significant relationship between VAI and HDL levels (r=-0.427), triglyceride levels (r=0.914), and metabolic syndrome scores (r=0.439) in male, and HDL levels (r=-0.427), triglyceride levels (r=0.955), WC (r=0.346), and metabolic syndrome scores (r=0.691) in female.Conclusions: VAI has a significant relationship with the metabolic syndrome score which indicates the body's metabolic profile which is getting worse, so the body's metabolic profile can be described from the magnitude of VAI
Early introduction of complementary food and childhood stunting were linked among children aged 6-23 months
Get PDFBackground: Indonesia’s national stunting prevalence remains high. The transition from exclusive breastfeeding to poor complementary feeding practices may put infants at higher risk of becoming stunting. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the early introduction of complementary food and stunting among young children aged 6-23 months in Kebumen Regency. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted among 307 young children in Kebumen Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia, by using multistage cluster sampling. Our primary outcome was stunting or height-for-age z-score <-2, whereas independent variables were child, maternal, and household factors. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to assess significant determinants at the level of significance 0.05. Results: Timely introduction of complementary food was a protective factor against stunting (AOR= 0.54; 95%CI: 0.31-0.94). Female children were less likely to be associated with stunting (AOR= 0.54; 95%CI: 0.32-0.93). Conversely, variables which significantly increased the risk of becoming stunting included older children aged 12-17 months (AOR= 2.01; 95%CI: 1.05-3.84) and 18-23 months (AOR= 4.17; 95%CI: 2.15-8.08) and maternal occupation in agricultural sectors (AOR= 3.77; 95%CI: 1.17-12.1). Conclusions: Child factors associated with stunting was the first timing of complementary feeding, child sex, and child age. The maternal factor linked to stunting was the mother's occupation in the agricultural sector. This study indicated that child and maternal factors play essential roles in childhood stunting
Reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) untuk skrining defisiensi besi pada ibu hamil
Get PDFReticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) for iron deficiency screening in pregnant womenBackground: Anemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem in developing countries. In Indonesia, such anemia is generally caused by nutritional deficiencies, particularly iron deficiency. Iron deficiency screening is needed to prevent the development of iron-deficiency anemia in pregnant women that may affect the health of the mother and fetus.Objective: The study objective was to determine the diagnostic validity of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) for iron deficiency screening in pregnant women.Method: This research is analytic observational research with a cross-sectional design. The subjects were 73 pregnant women in Bantul district with various gestational ages. CHr was examined with an Advia 120 automatic hematology analyzer. Examination of ferritin as gold standard uses chemiluminescens method with Elecsys 1010 immunology analyzer. Table 2x2 is used to test several CHr values in the CHr range for women of reproductive age of 28.8 - 34.5 pg.Results: Based on ferritin <15 μg / L as a gold standard, 13 pregnant women were suffered from iron deficiency while others were normal.Conclusion: CHr at 30.7 pg cut off has a sensitivity of 92.31%; negative predictive value (NPV) 96.2%; and likelihood ratio (LR) produce conclusive changes in post-test probability. In this cut-off, CHr can be used as an iron deficiency screening test in pregnant women