Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia
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Kepatuhan minum obat hipoglikemik oral dan indeks massa tubuh terhadap kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2
Get PDFAdherence to oral hypoglycemic drugs and body mass index on blood sugar level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusBackground: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common diabetes and more than 95% of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Special Region of Yogyakarta is the province with the second highest prevalence of DM in Indonesia. One of the obstacles that often occurs in patients with T2DM who require long-term therapy is non-adherence to treatment and lack of attention to nutritional status which has an impact on the blood sugar levels of patients with T2DM.Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of adherence to oral hypoglycemic drugs and body mass index on blood sugar levels in patients with T2DM in the working area of Minggir Health Center. Methods: A cross-sectional study design with purposive sampling technique. Obtained a total of 96 patient with T2DM in October 2023 who had met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, including using oral hypoglycemic drugs for at least 6 months and not using insulin therapy. Data on adherence to oral hypoglycemic drugs were obtained using the MARS-5 questionnaire, data on blood sugar levels used fasting blood sugar levels, and body mass index values were obtained from measuring height and weight. The analysis used the Chi-square test (p-value<0,05).Results: The majority of respondents had a high level of adherence to oral hypoglycemic drugs (56,3%), were overweight (79,2%), and had poor blood sugar levels (55,2%). There was no significant relationship between the level of adherence to oral hypoglycemic drugs and blood sugar levels ((P-value=0,776; PR=0,912). A non-significant relationship was also found between body mass index and blood sugar levels ((P-value=1,000; PR=1,005).Conclusions: The level of adherence to oral hypoglycemic drugs and body mass index were not significantly associated with blood sugar levels in patients with T2D
Konsumsi sayur dan buah serta aktivitas fisik terhadap kadar HbA1c pada penyandang diabetes melitus tipe 2
Get PDFFruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity on HbA1c level in people with type 2 diabetesBackground: HbA1c is a blood sugar level test for monitoring and management of diabetes mellitus. Fiber intake and physical activity are pillars of diabetes mellitus management. Dietary fiber in fruits and vegetables affects the body's glucose metabolism. Physical activity plays a crucial role in enhancing insulin sensitivity and promoting overall health. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity, and HbA1c levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional design and purposively selected 78 respondents. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test and logistic regression. Results: There was no relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and HbA1c levels (p = 0.971 and p = 0.117, p > 0.05). A relationship exists between physical activity and HbA1c levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (p = 0.01, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Physical activity is significantly associated with HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Faktor determinan risiko kardiometabolik pada remaja usia 15-18 tahun
Get PDFDeterminant factors of cardiometabolic risk in adolescents aged 15-18 yearsBackground: Cardiometabolic diseases are increasing worldwide, and the risk of developing them starts as early as adolescence. In the long term, they may lead to comorbidities. Evidence suggests the risk factors of cardiometabolic diseases among adolescents are obesity, excessive food intake, socioeconomic status, breakfast habits, and physical activity, among others. Objective: This study aimed to determine the determinants of cardiometabolic risk in adolescents aged 15-18. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in Al-Abidin High School Surakarta with 146 study subjects. Cardiometabolic risks were classified using Cardiometabolic Disease Staging (CMDS), waist circumference was measured with Medline, physical activity was measured using a Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQA), and blood pressure was measured with a sphygmomanometer. Socioeconomic, transportation, and breakfast habits were obtained from the general questionnaire. Chi-square, ANOVA, and logistic regression were then performed using SPSS 23. Results: Gender was significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk (p=0.001). A total of 41.3% of boys were at risk of cardiometabolic (OR=3.964). Socioeconomic, breakfast habits, transportation, and physical activity were not associated with cardiometabolic risk (p>0.05).Conclusion: Boys 15 – 18 years were at a higher risk of cardiometabolic, by 3.694 times greater than girls. Socioeconomic status, breakfast habits, transportation, and physical activity were not correlated with cardiometabolic risk among adolescents
Individual dietary diversity score dan kejadian stunted pada anak prasekolah di Kota Padang
Get PDFIndividual dietary diversity score and stunted in preschool children in Padang Background: Stunting is a disorder of growth and development in children due to chronic malnutrition and recurrent infections, characterized by substandard length and height.Objective: The study assesses the relationship between individual dietary diversity scores and stunting in preschool children in Padang.Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study was 267 preschool children aged 3-5 years in Padang who were taken by multi-stage random sampling. Data was collected through child height measurements and individual dietary diversity score (IDDS) for food grouping measured by a 24-hour dietary recall. The data was analyzed using the Chi-Square test.Results: The results showed that 9.7% of preschool children were stunted, and 41.6% of preschool children had lower dietary diversity. The results of the study found was not significantly relationship between individual dietary diversity score and the incidence of stunting in pre-school children in Padang (p-value>0.05).Conclusions: Preschool children with IDDS secure to have a lower risk of stunting. Through a comprehensive approach that prioritizes improving dietary diversity, it is expected to be a key strategy in efforts to reduce stunting in Padang City.
Intervensi latihan keterampilan motorik kasar pada fungsi kognitif anak usia prasekolah
Get PDFGross motor skills training on cognitive function in early primary schoolBackground: Low gross motor skills are associated with low physical activity in preschool and elementary school children. Children's gross motor skills are correlated with obesity and contribute to physical activity participation and physical, social, and cognitive growth.Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of gross motor skills training intervention on the cognitive function of early elementary school children.Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest with a control design. The study involved first-year children from two elementary schools in Pleret, Bantul, DIY, with a total of 90 participants (49 boys, 41 girls) and a mean age of 7 years. The intervention consisted of motor skills training, including obstacle courses and walking on a balance beam, with each session lasting 15 minutes and conducted once a week for nine weeks. Cognitive function in terms of memory and attention abilities was assessed using the Stroop test (Stroop color and word test) and the digit span test (forward and backward)—data analysis using paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test.Results: The study's results indicated a significant difference in the mean scores of the Stroop test for both the intervention and control groups and the digit span test for the intervention group. The findings suggested that motor skills training intervention significantly positively affected children's cognitive function, particularly with the Stroop test.Conclusions: Gross motor skill training can enhance the cognitive function of children aged 6-7. Motor skill instruction should be incorporated into preschool and early elementary school programs to help narrow the academic achievement gap
Frekuensi konsumsi makanan instan dan stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan
Get PDFFrequency of instant food consumption and stunting in children aged 6-23 monthsBackground: Stunting is related to feeding patterns: breastfeeding and complementary foods, especially in the first two years of life. Many commercial complementary food products, such as instant powder and biscuits, still do not meet iron and zinc content requirements.Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between the frequency of instant food consumption and the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-23 months in Sleman Regency. Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was children aged 6-23 months in the working areas of the Minggir Public Health Center, Pakem Public Health Center, and Ngemplak 1 Public Health Center. The sample size for this study was 265 people, consisting of 125 boys and 140 girls. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. Data collected included the characteristics of the research subjects and respondents, frequency of instant food consumption, incidence of stunting, and history of infectious disease. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test. Results: Most children were not stunted (70.6%) and consumed instant food often (58.9%). There was no relationship between the frequency of instant food consumption and the incidence of stunting (p>0.05). There was no significant relationship between gender, age, history of diarrhea, history of pneumonia, mother's education level, mother's employment status, family income, number of family members, and frequency of instant food consumption with the incidence of stunting (p>0.05). A significant relationship exists between the history of acute respiratory infection and the father's education level and stunting incidence (p<0.05). Conclusions: There is no significant relationship between the frequency of instant food consumption and the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-23 months. Future research can examine the frequency of giving instant food by considering instant food portions
Frekuensi konsumsi dan kontribusi zat gizi makro jajanan Korea di pusat kuliner Yogyakarta
Get PDFConsumption frequency and nutritional contribution of Korean snacks in culinary centers in YogyakartaBackground: The trend of Korean snacks in Indonesia makes people more consumptive. The Korean wave influences this through the popularity of K-pop and K-drama artists from social media platforms. The increasing consumption pattern of Korean snacks has made people less aware of the frequency limits of consumption and the nutritional content of Korean snacks. Objectives: This study aims to see the difference between consumption frequency and nutritional intake and analyze Korean snacks' nutritional contribution to visitors to Yogyakarta's culinary centers.Methods: This research is a quantitative descriptive design study with a cross-sectional approach involving 110 subjects with an average age of 18-30 years. The subject selection used the accidental technical sampling method. The questionnaire using the SQ-FFQ has been validated in previous research. The frequency of consumption of Korean snacks is categorized into three, namely rarely (1-3x/month), sometimes (1-2x/week), and often (≥3x/week). Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires directly at the research location. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis with the one-way ANOVA test. Results: The characteristics of respondents are that the majority are female (89.1%). The average consumer age group is 21-30 (56.3%). The distance from the residence and location of the culinary center is mainly in the distance category > 3 km (63.6%). The contributions of energy (44.5%), carbohydrates (64.5%), protein (73.6%), and fat (67.3%) from Korean snacks exceeded the intake limit. There is a significant difference between consumption frequency and nutritional intake of Korean snacks (p<0.05).Conclusions: Frequency of consumption shows a significant difference between the contribution of energy and macronutrients. The contribution of nutrients to visitors was found still to exceed the limit for food intake from snacks
Faktor determinan hipertensi pada wanita usia produktif dengan hipertensi di Kota Semarang
Get PDFDeterminant factors among hypertensive productive-age women in SemarangBackground: Hypertension is a significant risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease, stroke, and kidney disease. The 2018 Basic Health Research results showed that hypertension in Indonesia reached 34.11%, and in Central Java province, the prevalence was above the national rate of 37.57%. The prevalence of hypertension among women is higher than men, namely 40.17% and 34.83%, respectively.Objective: This study aims to analyze the determinants of hypertension among women of reproductive age with hypertension in the city of Semarang.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. Respondents were women of productive age 30-50 years who were on the list of hypertensive patients in five Public Health Centers chosen randomly from the list. Data was collected by questionnaire, food recall form, and anthropometric measurement. One hundred fifty respondents participated in the study. Data analysis includes univariate and bivariate. Results: Foods high in sodium most frequently consumed were seasonings, monosodium glutamate (MSG), crackers, and soy sauce. Intake of potassium, magnesium, vitamin C, folic acid, and fiber is still far below the RDA, 21%, 5.8%, 66.3%, 4.5%, and 18.8%, respectively. Sodium intake from only food apart from spices is 45% of the RDA. 64.7% of respondents have high blood pressure. There was a significant relationship between blood pressure status and attitudes (p=0.045), consumption patterns of high-sodium foods (p=0.005), and physical activity (p=0.040). Conclusion: Food consumption and physical activity affect the blood pressure status of hypertensive patients in productive-age women. Efforts are needed to increase intake of food sources of vitamins and minerals
Maternal and perinatal factors affecting vitamin D status of very low birth weight infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit
Get PDFBackground: Vitamin D deficiency is a global problem in premature infants. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with skeletal and non-skeletal disease. In premature infants, vitamin D deficiency is primarily associated with metabolic bone disease. Objective: The study aims to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a tertiary hospital in a developing country. Methods: A retrospective cohort was conducted at the NICU of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. VLBW infants (inborn and outborn), hospitalized between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020, were enrolled in this study. Data on maternal (age (years), parity, education level, and socio-economic status) and neonatal (birth weight, birth length, and head circumference), gestational age, age of serum 25 hydroxy-vitamin D (25-OHD), sex, type of feeding, postnatal steroid) was taken from the medical records. Serum 25-OHD measurement was conducted at the age of around 4 weeks. Throughout the first 24 hours following birth, all infants at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital weighing <1,500g would receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN). For infants who were referred to Sardjito General Hospital, nutritional and feeding history including TPN was assessed through anamnesis from the nurses or midwives who transport the patient and from referral records. Results: A total of 165 very low birth weight infants consisting of 88 male and 77 female newborns were included in this study. The mean ± SD of the vitamin D level was 11.5 ± 7.6 ng/ml (range 2.9 - 45.5 ng/ml). The prevalence of Vitamin D insufficiency, deficiency, and severe deficiency were 12.1; 55.2; and 23%; respectively. Receiving TPN was positively and independently associated with vitamin D levels (p=0.006). Conclusions: There is a positive relationship between the administration of TPN and serum 25-OHD level in VLBW infants hospitalized in the NICU
Determinan perilaku konsumsi tablet tambah darah pada mahasiswi jurusan kesehatan dan nonkesehatan di Universitas Jember
Get PDFDetermination of iron supplement tablet consumption in health and non-health majors at Jember UniversityBackground: Iron tablet supplementation is an important strategy in preventing anemia in adolescent girls. The 2018 Riskesdas RI data shows that 23.8% of young women have not received and consumed iron tablets. In female college students, iron supplement consumption can be influenced by several determinant factors, such as knowledge and social support.Objective: This study aims to analyze the determinants of behavior in female college students when consuming iron tablets.Methods: This is an analytical observational research study with a cross-sectional design. Using the proportional random sampling technique, the sample size was 336 female students majoring in health and non-health at the University of Jember. Due to restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, data was collected online via Google Forms and in-person interviews. The independent variables are the level of knowledge, family, and peer social support. The dependent variable is the consumption behavior of iron tablets. Data analysis used Spearman's rho test.Results: Respondents from the health department (88.9%) and non-health (73%) had good knowledge. Family and peer support for health and non-health respondents was lacking. Respondents majoring in health (35.2%) and non-health (8.5%) did consume iron tablets regularly. The determinant factor that was significantly related (p<0.05) to the consumption behavior of ironic tablets in health majors was material support from the family (p=0.01). The determinant factors that were significantly related (p<0.05) to the consumption behavior of iron tablets in non-health majors are knowledge (p=0.032), family social support (p=0.00,) and peer support (p=0.00).Conclusions: Determinant factors of TTD consumption behavior were found to be different between female students majoring in health (material support from family) and non-health (knowledge, family social support, and peer support)