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P6#1170 Long-term efficacy and safety of nemolizumab up to 2 years in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: pivotal trial subgroup analysis of the ARCADIA LTE [Abstract]
No full textAssociation between serum folate and T cell subsets in a population-based study
No full textPurpose
Folate, also called vitamin B9, plays a key role in various cellular processes that support T cell proliferation and function, which in turn regulate adaptive immune responses. Nonetheless, the associations between serum folate concentrations and specific T cell subsets remain underexplored.
Methods
Data of the population-based MEIA study were analyzed including 594 participants aged 19–75 years in Augsburg study region, Germany. Serum folate concentrations were measured (right-censored at 20 ng/mL) and immunophenotyping of T cells via flow cytometry was performed in fresh blood samples. Associations between folate concentrations and T cell subsets were analyzed using a multivariable two-stage regression model to account for censoring.
Results
Positive associations were noted with Effector Memory CD8 + T cells ( = 0.39; 95% CI [0.09;0.70]), CD8+ CD27- CD28+ T cells ( = 1.02; 95% CI [1.00; 1.03]), and CD8+ CD27+ CD28- T cells ( = 1.01; 95% CI [1.00; 1.03]), negative associations were observed with Central Memory CD8+ T cells ( = − 0.29; 95% CI [− 0.47; − 0.10]) and naïve CD8+ T cells ( = − 0.33; 95% CI [− 0.63; − 0.04]). Although these associations did not retain statistical significance after adjustment for multiple testing, they were fully supported by sensitivity analyses.
Conclusion
This study provides preliminary evidence linking serum folate to specific T cell subsets, particularly within CD8 + populations. While findings are suggestive, they emphasize the potential importance of adequate folate levels for immune health. Further longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to confirm these associations and explore the role of folate in immune function
Associations between early-life exposures and the infant skin microbiome
No full textFactors influencing the early-life skin microbiome, and the association with atopic dermatitis (AD), are relatively unexplored.
To evaluate associations with the infant skin microbiome during the first year of life.
3-month-old infants from the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) birth cohort were examined for AD at enrolment, 1 and 3 years of age. Parent-completed questionnaires, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), and filaggrin mutation status were evaluated. Bacterial swabs were collected from the elbow crease and volar forearm in 148 infants at 3 months and 1 year of age, and the microbiome composition was characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V3-V4 region).
Shannon diversity was significantly higher at the forearm compared to the elbow. Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, and Streptococcus were the most abundant genera across time and body-site. Microbiome community composition was primarily associated with body-site and age (p≤0.001, both). Other significant associations were found with ethnicity (p=0.009), filaggrin status (p≤0.001), urban-vs-rural residence (p=0.005), older siblings (p=0.041), bath product usage at 3 months (p=0.011), but not with pets (p=0.159), systemic antibiotics (p=0.27) nor with bathing frequency (p=0.109). The microbiome was associated with elevated TEWL (3-months p=0.004, 1-year p≤0.001) and with concurrent AD (3-months p=0.027, 1-year p≤0.001). Streptococcus parasanguinis was significantly less abundant in non-lesional skin of infants with AD at 3 months.
In addition to age and body-site, the infant skin microbiome is associated with heritable factors, the home environment, hygiene practices, and with the presence of AD
Rezension: Christoph Jamme/Stefan Matuschek (Hg.), unter Mitarbeit von Manfred Krebernik u.a.: Handbuch der Mythologie. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern Verlag 2014
No full textSpannungsfeld Schulsport, Inklusion und Soziale Arbeit: multiprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit unterschiedlicher Fachkräfte bei der Förderung schulischer Bewegungsangebote
No full textLandscape perforation in life cycle assessment: method development with global application to quarries and mines
No full textHuman appropriation of land reduces the quality and continuity of remaining natural habitat, affecting species fecundity, survival, and movements, which must be accounted for in impact assessments. Effective decision-making for sustainable land-use and resource extraction requires methods that represent the ecological impacts of human activities on surrounding landscapes. We propose a method that draws on the concept of landscape perforation, treats the land use in focus as the non-habitat, and quantifies adjacent human pressures by adapting the Human Footprint Index. The method aligns with the contention that disturbances in otherwise intact landscapes result in disproportionate ecological effects. We used a conservative intersection (algebraic product t-norm from fuzzy logic) to model the relationship between pressures that modify and those that do not. Inspired by landscape ecology’s relative importance of spatial process to land transformation, we assumed a negatively sloped logistic function for pressures that modify the land cover, and a negative linear relationship for pressures that do not modify land cover. The index was applied to 102,646 quarries and mines, sourced from OpenStreetMap, quantifying their perforation potential. Developed in the context of life cycle assessment to quantify potential impacts of supply chains, a case study of steel illustrates its application from a product perspective. The method supports a proactive approach by equipping decision-makers with one more layer of information regarding “what is around” a land use. Globally applicable, it emphasizes transdisciplinary solutions for sustainable production, environmental stress assessment, and strategic resource planning with a spatially explicit component
Mathematical modeling and optimization of vision transformers for disease classification in agronomic imaging
No full textThe performance of low-carbon equity funds
No full textThis study examines the performance of low-carbon equity funds by gaining a better understanding of what drove past performance, what opportunity costs arose from higher idiosyncratic risks, and which components would shape future expectations. Low-carbon funds outperformed medium- and high-carbon funds under traditional factor models, but this advantage declined after incorporating carbon-related factors and fund characteristics. Adjusting for the opportunity costs of idiosyncratic risk particularly weakened low-carbon fund performance. Considering factor premia, exposures, characteristics, and diversification costs, investors should expect lower returns relative to a passive market-wide benchmark and roughly comparable outcomes across low-, medium-, and high-carbon funds