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Les morts violentes de deux personnages historiques dans les romans d'Umberto Eco: Fra Dolcino dans Il nome della rosa et Frédéric Barberousse dans Baudolino
No full textAu moment de la rédaction de Il nome della rosa Umberto Eco donne une signification politique à l’exécution de Fra Dolcino en 1307, assortie de références : Dolcino était à l’époque le chef du mouvement apostolique, dont la doctrine était inspirée du millénarisme de Gioacchino da Fiore et de l’idéal de pauvreté des Franciscains ; avec ses partisans, il se laissait entraîner dans des actions violentes, ce qui permet d’établir un parallèle avec l’idéologie moderne du communisme, dont les Brigate Rosse se réclamaient en Italie pour leurs attentats terroristes. Dans Baudolino, Eco construit, de manière ludique et postmoderne, autour de la mort accidentelle de Frédéric Barberousse en 1190 lors de la traversée du fleuve arménien Saleph, une enquête policière sur le modèle du « locked room murder mystery », en laissant planer le soupçon que l’empereur aurait en réalité été assassiné et que la mort par noyade n’aurait été que simulée
Christian Thomasius zwischen Staatsräson, Individualinteresse und erneuerter Normativität: ein Diskussionsbeitrag
No full textClinical significance and therapeutic potential of long non‐coding RNA H19 in soft tissue sarcoma
No full textLong non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of different human cancers, but its role in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) has not yet been defined.
We analyzed H19 expression patterns in various cancer cell lines, focusing on sarcoma subtypes. RNA in situ hybridization was performed on a tissue microarray (n = 150) to assess H19 expression in human STS samples. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate H19's prognostic value. In STS cell lines with high H19 expression, a Gapmer-based knock-down approach was used to study the functional impact of H19 expression.
Low H19 expression was associated with poor prognosis in univariate analysis (HR: 0.564; 95% CI: 0.324–0.985; p = 0.044). Multivariate analysis showed advanced patient age (p < 0.001) and large tumor size (p = 0.002) as independent predictors of worse overall survival, irrespective of H19 expression (HR: 0.655; 95% CI: 0.367–1.170; p = 0.153). H19 knockdown in STS cell lines reduced cellular growth and increased pro-apoptotic activity.
Our findings suggest that H19 might play a role in STS pathogenesis. While its prognostic value requires further investigation, H19-based targeting approaches may warrant evaluation for therapeutic potential in STS
The impact of teacher humour on teaching quality and student learning: an experimental approach
No full textBackground
It is assumed that teacher humour promotes social relationships and enhances learning processes among students. Nonetheless, there has been no systematic investigation beyond correlational studies into how different types of humour influence distinct dimensions of teaching quality and students’ learning processes.
Aims
We used an experimental approach in two studies to examine the impact of various types of teacher humour on experts' ratings and students' perceptions of teaching quality, as well as on students’ motivation and emotions.
Samples
Study 1 included 206 experts and Study 2 included 325 students.
Methods
In both studies, participants were randomly assigned to one of five experimental groups, in which they were shown video recordings of lessons that were identical in content but differed in terms of the humour used by the teacher. Subsequently, the participants rated the teaching quality of this lesson (teacher-student relationship, interestingness, clarity, time on task). In Study 2, students additionally reported on their motivation and their emotions while watching the video-recorded lesson.
Results
In both studies, results revealed that course-related humour promotes teacher-student relationship and interestingness (no effects were observed for clarity and time on task). Moreover, course-related humour led to increased intrinsic motivation, enjoyment and reduced negative emotions in students. Structural equation modelling revealed indirect effects of different types of humour on students’ motivation and emotions via teaching quality.
Conclusions
Our findings indicate that humour that is course-related can improve socio-emotional and motivational dimensions of teaching quality and enhance students’ intrinsic motivation and emotional experiences
Rezension: Aleida Assmann: Der lange Schatten der Vergangenheit. Erinnerungskultur und Geschichtspolitik, München: C.H. Beck Verlag 2006
No full textRezension: Lauro Martines: Blutiges Zeitalter. Europa im Krieg 1450-1700. Aus dem Englischen von Cornelius Hartz, Darmstadt: WBG-Konrad Theiss Verlag 2015
No full textMicrosurgical clipping of ruptured posterior fossa aneurysms in the semi-sitting position
No full textPosterior fossa aneurysms, especially ruptured ones, are challenging to treat due to their deep location, complex anatomy, and proximity to the brainstem, and lower cranial nerves. The semi-sitting position, though historically controversial due to concerns over venous air embolism (VAE), may offer distinct advantages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the semi-sitting position for the clipping of ruptured posterior fossa aneurysms.
We retrospectively reviewed 39 consecutive patients with ruptured posterior circulation aneurysms treated with microsurgical clipping in the semi-sitting position between 1990 and 2023. Data included clinical presentation, surgical technique, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and functional outcomes measured by the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge and at 6 months.
Complete aneurysm occlusion was achieved in 92% (36/39). The most common aneurysm location was the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) (79%). Intraoperative rupture occurred in 8% (3/39), and new neurological deficits attributable to surgery were seen in 13% (5/39). VAE was detected in 20% (3/15) of patients monitored with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), though no cases required abortion of the procedure or resulted in serious complications. Surgical mortality was 0%, and 84% (21/25) of surviving patients achieved a GOS >3 at 6 months.
Microsurgical clipping of ruptured posterior fossa aneurysms in the semi-sitting position is safe and effective when performed with appropriate monitoring. Close collaboration with the anesthesiology team is essential to ensure patient safety. Our findings reinforce the continued relevance of the semi-sitting position in posterior fossa aneurysm surgery