Journal of Tropical Soils
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Spatial Analysis of Disaster Vulnerability in Wonolelo, Magelang Regency
Full text linkThis research aims to assess the level of disaster vulnerability in the Wonolelo tourist village area using spatial analysis with an overlay method of several factors causing disaster vulnerability. The location of Wonolelo Village on the slopes of Mount Merapi with a rather steep to steep topography makes Wonolelo Village very vulnerable to landslides and the eruption of Mount Merapi. The research results show that Wonolelo Village has a high vulnerability to volcanic disasters (63.71%) and medium vulnerability to landslides (99.12%). The findings of this research can be used to inform disaster mitigation policies and strategies in Wonolelo Village and other vulnerable areas.Â
Optimizing Nitrogen Fertilizer for Wheat Production in Moisture-Deficit Areas of Northern Ethiopia
Full text linkDepleting soil nutrients is among the significant factors affecting production and productivity in Ethiopia. From the nutrients, nitrogen is the most yield-limiting, which governs wheat production. Therefore, the study was conducted to examine the effect of nitrogen on the yield and yield components of bread wheat varieties. The experiment was implemented in the 2019 and 2020 cropping seasons at Sekota and Lasta districts on the farmers’ field. The treatments consisted of a factorial combination of four levels of nitrogen (0, 46, 69, and 92 kg ha-1) and two varieties of wheat (Sekota-1 and Hibst), which were replicated three times in a randomized complete block design. Each treatment was provided with 23 kg ha-1 triple supper phosphate (P2O5). The study’s results indicated that grain and yield-related traits were significantly affected by nitrogen application. The increasing rate of nitrogen up to 92 and 69 kg ha-1 increases wheat grain and biomass yield by (150.3% and 54.1%) and (95.9 and 60%) in Sekota and Lasta districts, respectively. The highest grain yield (2562 and 2980 kg ha-1) was obtained from applying 92 and 69 kg ha-1 N at Sekota and Lasta, respectively. Therefore, applying 92 and 69 kg ha-1 N is the appropriate rate and recommended for the Sekota and Lasta districts, respectively
Effect of Premium Compost on Soil Carbon Microbial Biomass in Pineapple Plants on Marginal Land Central Lampung
Full text linkAcidic soil reactions, low nutrient content, low organic carbon levels, and low soil biodiversity characterize marginal land. Adding organic matter, such as compost, is expected to rehabilitate these lands. One key biological indicator of successful land rehabilitation by adding organic matter or compost is soil carbon microbial biomass (SCMB). This study aimed to assess the effect of compost on SCMB in pineapple plants. It was designed using a Randomized Completely Block Design with four treatments: Control (P0) = Without compost (Pineapple Cultivation Standard at GGPC), P1 = Cow dung compost (50 Mg ha-1), P2 = Premium compost A (50 Mg ha-1) and P3 = Premium compost B (50 Mg ha-1). Each treatment was replicated four times. The data were analyzed using ANOVA at the 5% significance level, following testing for homogeneity of variance using the Bartlett test and additivity with the Tukey test. Different treatment means were examined using contrast orthogonal tests, and correlation tests were performed to explore relationships among key variables. Results indicated that cow dung and premium compost (A and B) increased SCMB by 89.31% and 84.06%, respectively, at 15 and 16 MAP observations. At 16 MAP observations, soil organic carbon and soil pH were correlated with SCMB; in contrast, at observations 13, 14, and 15 MAP, soil organic carbon, soil pH, soil moisture, and soil temperature did not correlate with SCMB
The soil available P, Plant P uptake, Growth, and yield of corn in Regosol Soil Treated with Ela Sago Compost and SP-36 Fertilizer
Full text linkThe research examined the effect of ela sago compost on the soil chemical properties, growth, P-uptake, and yields of corn plants (Zea mays L) in Regosol soils. A randomized block design with a 2 x 4 factorial treatment was applied. The first factor was ela sago compost (B) with three dose levels: B0 = 0-Mg ha-1, B1 = 10-Mg ha-1, and B2 = 20-Mg ha-1. The second factor was SP-36 (P) fertilizer with four dose levels: P0 = 0 kg P ha-1, P1 = 60 kg P ha-1, P2 = 120 kg P ha-1, and P3 = 180 kg P ha-1. This research shows that either ela sago compost or SP-36 fertilizer can increase the soil reaction (pH). Applying sago palm compost and SP-36 fertilizer increases soil available P from 17.33 to 60.67 ppm. Applying sago palm compost and SP-36 fertilizer increases plant P-uptake from 0.18 to 0.40 %, plant height from 135.60 to 189.67 cm, and stem diameter from 1.86 to 3.44 cm, and corn yield (dry weight of 1000 seeds) from 266.60 to 390.57 g
Characterization and Classification of Soils in Landslide Residual Zones to Estimate the Presence of Shallow Slip Plane
Full text linkWhile landslide determination has traditionally relied on topography and geology, the connection between soil characteristics and landslide potential remains a relatively unexplored area. This study sets out to bridge this gap by investigating the relationship between soil properties and their classification and the likelihood of a shallow slip field triggering landslides. The research commenced with a survey of three landslide sites featuring diverse soil materials. Characterization and sampling were carried out on the residual zone left at the top of the landslide. The findings revealed that certain landslides could be identified as having potential slip planes only at a depth of 120 cm, while others could not. Two landslides in Magelang exhibited the presence of typical endopedon horizons, namely Bt (argillic). These argillic horizons serve as accumulation sites for fine and plastic clay materials. The low organic matter content also contributes to the instability and rapid dispersion of the structure. Meanwhile, the research also identified practical implications for landslide management. For instance, one of the landslides in Purworejo showed that the soil profile in the residual zone had low clay content and did not form a Bt horizon. However, the presence of shallow argillic with high clay content indicated a potential landslide risk. This finding suggests that landslides can be predicted based on soil characteristics, particularly the presence of argillic horizons. Moreover, the study identified specific soil types, such as Alfisols and Ultisols, as being prone to landslides. The Bt horizon, which can be protected by reducing erosion and runoff using silt pits, cover crops, and flow-breaking media, offers a practical solution for landslide prevention
Assessment of Andisol characteristics for the development of potato crops in Pangalengan
Full text linkPangalengan is a horticultural crop center area in Bandung Regency. The soil in this area consist of Andisol, which is developed from volcanic ash. One of the primary commodities in this area is potatoes. Intensive farming in Pangalengan is a problem that has an impact on soil and environmental conditions, thereby disrupting crop productivity. The research aimed to assess the characteristics of Andisols for the development of potato crop in Pangalengan. This research used qualitative, descriptive, and survey methods. The survey based on physiographic methods. Soil samples were taken purposively. The observations consisted of soil characteristics, erosion, soil fertility and land suitability. The research results show that the soil type is Typic Hapludans. Erosion is moderate (19.06-94.41 tons/ha/year) in SMU 1 and 2, high (311.22 tons/ha/year) in SMU 3 and very high (798.04 tons/ha/year) in SMU 4, soil fertility is low with land suitability for potato crop including marginally suitable (S3) and not suitable (N). Fertilization, especially P fertilizer and organic fertilizer as well as making bunds in the direction of the contour, are recommended for the development of potato crops in Pangalengan
Growth and Yield Dynamics of Rainfed Rice Fields by Providing Municipal Solid Waste Compost
Full text linkThe rice productivity in Panai Tengah was still relatively low, producing 4.75 Mg ha-1, compared to the national production of 5 to 6 Mg ha-1. Low rice productivity was caused by limiting factors in land use, namely, physical and biological factors, soil chemistry, and agricultural systems. Providing organic fertilizer or municipal waste compost is one way to overcome the constraints on the soil’s physical, biological, and chemical characteristics. This study aims to determine the response to the growth and yield of rainfed rice fields in Kecamatan Panai Tengah with a dose of Municipal Solid Waste Compost (MSWC). This research was conducted by taking soil samples in the rainfed rice fields and then analyzing them in the experimental field at the Faculty of Science and Technology, Labuhanbatu University. The analysis stage was for six months, from seeding to harvesting. The methodology for this study was a non-factorial randomized block design consisting of 7 treatments. The result showed that applying MSWC at a dose of 18 Mg ha-1 showed high yields. The recommendation to farmers was to give 18 Mg ha-1 of MSWC to increase the yields of their rice fields
The Isothermal Phosphate Adsorption in a New Tidal Rice Field of Barito Kuala Regency South Kalimantan: A Study on Phosphorus Adsorption in Acid Sulfate Soils for Agricultural Improvement
Full text linkHigh P adsorption reduces rice production, especially in newly reclaimed paddy fields. The research studied soil P adsorption using the adsorption isoterm equation and soil P solubility in a New Tidal Rice Field of Barito Kuala Regency. This incubation study used soil samples from Ray 7, Balandean Village, Alalak District, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan Province, from May to November 2022. The isothermal adsorption of P was measured in six soil samples with three replicates. P (0, 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 50 mg P kg-1) from KH2PO4 were added in 1 g soil in 25 mL 0.01 M CaCl2. The suspensions were shaken at 25 ! for 17 hours, then centrifuged at 3000 rpm for five minutes, and the supernatant was filtered (Whatman 42) for P analysis. Three ordinary adsorption isotherm equations, Langmuir, Freundlich, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), were used to fit the data. After adding 50 mg P kg-1, the average dissolved-P was 34.60 mg kg-1 (69%), and adsorbed-P was 15.40 mg kg-1 (31%). The BET equation was more suitable for describing P adsorption isotherm in this type of soil, which has the ability to adsorb one-third of any P addition
The Effect of Trichoderma on N, P, K Soil and Corn Plants
Full text linkThe use of Trichoderma is one effort to manage healthy and environmentally friendly plants. This fertilizer is part of organic fertilizer; which farmers do not widely practice yet. This fertilizer has an impact that can increase nutrients and soil fertility. This study examined the impact of using Trichoderma in combination with NPK fertilizer on soil nutrient, nutrient uptake, and growth of corn plants. A Completely Randomized Block Design consisting nine treatments with three replicates was applied. The treatments were Control (A), standard NPK (Urea 350 kg ha-1, SP-36 200kg ha-1 and KCl 75kg ha-1) (B), ¼ NPK + 5 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (C), ½ NPK + 5 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (D), ¾ NPK + 5 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (E), 1 NPK + 5 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (F), ¾ NPK +1.25 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (G), ¾ NPK +2.5 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (H), ¾ NPK + 3.75 kg ha-1 Trichoderma (I). The results showed that NPK fertilizer accompanied by Trichoderma increased soil total N by 84.21%, available P by 36.25%, and available K by 142.22%. The same treatment also increased corn plants’ N, P, and K nutrients by 52.71%, 106%, and 61.53%. The growth of maize plants from applyingTrichoderma up to 5 kg ha-1 has not reduced the use of NPK fertilizer yet. However, applying Trichoderma could improve soil fertility
Impact of Biofertilizer and Inorganic Fertilizers on Soil Available Phosphorus, Productive Tillers, and Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Yield
Full text linkThe use of Bacillus bacteria as biofertilizers (BF) increases since the detrimental effects of inorganic fertilizers on the agricultural environment spread out. The objective of this research was to study the influence of bio fertilizer and in combination with inorganic fertilizer on the productivity of rice fields. The experiment was a two-factor treatment arranged in a split-plot design with three replications using a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The first factor was fertilizers, which were used as the main plot. The second factor was paddy varieties as a subplot. The results showed that the combination of inorganic and bio fertilizer application of (150 kg NPK ha-1 + 75 kg Urea ha-1 + 4 L BF ha-1) and (300 kg NPK ha-1 + 150 kg Urea ha-1 + 4 L BF ha-1), improved soil available phosphorous (P) of 12.04%, 40.69%, and 44.05%, respectively compared to control treatment, the inorganic fertilizer application (300 kg NPK ha-1 + 150 kg Urea ha-1), and the bio fertilizer application (4 L BF ha-1). In addition, the application of (300 kg NPK ha-1 + 150 kg Urea ha-1 + 4 L BF ha-1) increased productive tillers per plant as 28.13% and 16.48% compared to the control and the inorganic application, respectively. Moreover, by using Mekongga variety, applying the inorganic and bio fertilizer at rates of (300 kg NPK ha-1 + 150 kg Urea ha-1 + 4 L BF ha-1) increased rice yield of 64.08% and 30.33% compared to the control and the inorganic fertilizer application; while, by using IPB 3S variety, the rice yield increased by 85.80% and 10.34%, respectively. These findings are significant as they demonstrate the potential of biofertilizers to enhance soil fertility and rice productivity, thereby advancing sustainable farming practices