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Evolution of SST and XCO<sub>2</sub> in the summer ice free Arctic Ocean: is IASI able to contribute to climate change studies?
No full textInternational audienceThe Arctic Ocean is a very important region of the globe in which the effect of climate change can bedetected over short time periods. We have used the possibility provided by the two infrared soundersIASI-A and IASI-B on the MetOp platforms to retrieve the sea surface temperature (Tsurf) and thecolumn averaged mixing ratio of several trace gases including CO2. A strict filtering based on theAVHRR cloud fraction and the radiance analysis within the IASI footprints lead to a large number ofspectra for which a 1D-var inversion (Tsurf and XCO2 as the main parameters in the state vector, plusscaling factors for the profiles of H2O and O3) has been performed. For this purpose, we used duringretrieval the atmospheric window between 940 and 980 cm-1 (CO2 laser band) for which thesensitivity to the surface is maximum. The statistics of the comparison between IASI-A and IASI-Bretrievals will be presented and compared to the corresponding Eumetsat L2 products. The months ofJuly, August and September for the years 2013 to 2015 have been considered since in these Arcticsummer conditions the ice pack coverage is reduced. The monthly climatology for the consecutiveyears from 2010 (for which only IASI-A was in orbit) to 2015 is confirming that IASI can indeed be used for climate change studies
Majority Judgment vs Majority Rule
No full textThe validity of majority rule in an election with but two candidates—and so also of Condorcet consistency—is challenged. Axioms based on measures—paralleling those of K. O. May characterizing majority rule for two candidates based on comparisons—lead to another method that is unique in agreeing with the majority rule on pairs of “polarized” candidates. The method—majority judgment—meets R. A. Dahl’s requirement that an apathetic majority does not always defeat an intense minority. It is a practical method that accommodates any number of candidates, avoids both the Condorcet and Arrow paradoxes, and best resists strategic manipulation
Optical fiber-based full Mueller polarimeter for endoscopic imaging using a two-wavelength simultaneous measurement method
No full textInternational audienc
Forward-backward asymmetry of Drell-Yan lepton pairs in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
No full textSubmitted to Eur. Phys. J. C ; see paper for full list of authorsInternational audienceA measurement of the forward-backward asymmetry AFB of oppositely charged lepton pairs (mu mu and e e) produced via Z/gamma* boson exchange in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The measurement ofAFB is performed for dilepton masses between 40 GeV and 2 TeV and for dilepton rapidity up to 5. The AFM measurements as a function of dilepton mass and rapidity are compared with the standard model predictions
Nanostructuring an erbium local environment inside sol–gel silica glasses: toward efficient erbium optical fiber lasers
No full textInternational audienceTo extend the use of erbium- (Er-)/aluminum- (Al-) codoped optical fibers in hostile environments, the reduction of the Al amount has been identified as a serious way to harden them against harsh radiation. In this work, sol–gel monolithic Er3+-doped and Er3+/Al3+-codoped silica glasses were prepared from nanoporous silica xerogels soaked in a solution containing an Er salt together or not with an Al salt. After sintering, these glasses were used as the core material of microstructured optical fibers made by the stack-and-draw method. The influence of Al incorporation on the optical properties of Er3+-doped silica glasses and fibers is investigated. This approach enabled the preparation of silica glasses containing dispersed Er3+ ions with low Al content. The obtained fibers have been tested in an all-fibered cavity laser architecture. The Er3+/Al3+-codoped fiber laser presents a maximum efficiency of 27% at 1530 nm. We show that without Al doping, the laser exhibits lower performances that depend on Er content inside the doped fiber core. The effect of Er pair-induced quenching also has been investigated through nonsaturable absorption experiments, which clearly indicate that the fraction of Er ion pairs is significantly reduced in the Al-codoped fiber
Measurement of inclusive jet production and nuclear modifications in pPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV
No full textSubmitted to Eur. Phys. J. C ; see paper for full list of authorsInternational audienceInclusive jet production in pPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon (NN) center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s[NN])=5.02 TeV is studied with the CMS detector at the LHC. A data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 inverse nanobarns is analyzed.The jet transverse momentum spectra are studied in seven pseudorapidity intervals covering the range -2.0 <eta[CM]< 1.5 in the NN center-of-mass frame. The jet production yields at forward and backward pseudorapidity are compared and no significant asymmetry about eta[CM] = 0 is observed in the measured kinematic range. The measurements in the pPb system are compared to reference jet spectra obtained by extrapolation from previous measurements in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV. In all pseudorapidity ranges, nuclear modifications in inclusive jet production are found to be small, similar to the predictions from next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations that incorporate nuclear effects in the parton distribution functions
SV-Bay: structural variant detection in cancer genomes using a Bayesian approach with correction for GC-content and read map-pability.
No full textInternational audienc
Non-archimedean valuations of eigenvalues of matrix polynomials
No full textAlso arXiv:1601.00438International audienceWe establish general weak majorization inequalities, relating the leadingexponents of the eigenvalues of matrices or matrix polynomials over the fieldof Puiseux series with the tropical analogues of eigenvalues. We also show thatthese inequalities become equalities under genericity conditions, and that theleading coefficients of the eigenvalues are determined as the eigenvalues ofauxiliary matrix polynomials
TRIQS/DFTTools: A TRIQS application for ab initio calculations of correlated materials
No full textInternational audienceWe present the TRIQS/DFTTools package, an application based on the TRIQS library that connects this toolbox to realistic materials calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). In particular, TRIQS/DFTTools together with TRIQS allows an efficient implementation of DFT plus dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) calculations. It supplies tools and methods to construct Wannier functions and to perform the DMFT self-consistency cycle in this basis set. Post-processing tools, such as band-structure plotting or the calculation of transport properties are also implemented. The package comes with a fully charge self-consistent interface to the Wien2k band structure code, as well as a generic interface that allows to use TRIQS/DFTTools together with a large variety of DFT codes. It is distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPLv3)
A Tale of Tax Policies in Open Economies
No full textInternational audienceTo evaluate fiscal policy reforms for Euro-area countries, this article develops and calibrates a small open economy model. Debt reduction reforms require higher tax rates in the short term in exchange for lower rates in the long term as the debt-servicing burden falls. Using the capital income tax to implement such a policy leads to welfare gains; the consumption tax, a very small welfare gain; and the labor income tax, a welfare loss. Holding fixed the long-run debt-output ratio, offsetting a lower capital income tax with either a higher labor income or consumption tax generally yields welfare gains