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Questing for continuous-wave signals with a heterodyne-based method
Get PDF<p>Poster for conference 'GEMMA2', held in Rome from 16th to 19th September 2024</p>
Algorithm for creation of digital twin from UAV
Get PDF<p>The report presents the final script release for the creation of digital twins utilising UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) photogramme<br>\ntry techniques. It provides functionalities for processing aerial imagery, generating 3D models, and creating digital representations of real-world environments. This release strategically divides the fundamental process into individual tasks, facilitating more efficient project management and control.</p>
Eighth Young Researchers' Workshop Physics Challenges in the LHC Era
Get PDFThe Eighth Young Researchers' Workshop 'Physics Challenges in the LHC Era' took place on May 13th and 17th, 2024, as part of the program of the XXI edition of the Spring School 'Bruno Touschek' in Nuclear, Subnuclear and Astroparticle Physics, which took place at INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF). Such workshops began in 2009 and have now become a regular appointment which gives graduate students in theoretical and experimental physics a chance to present their thesis work in front of other young fellows, as well as senior lecturers and spring school organizers. The environment has always been pretty informal, with open discussions which keep going even during the social events. In particular, the 2024 eighth edition featured talks of very high standards. We had experimental presentations on calorimeters for the Mu2e experiment and future muon collider, searches for magnetic monopoles, leptoquarks and X17 particle. Furthermore, we heard of new forces between the third quark generation, jets in high-energy collisions, investigation of multi-top events with machine learning algorithms, CP properties and couplings of the Higgs boson, double-Higgs production, novel detectors for the LHC high-luminosity phase, exploration of kaonic atoms, nuclear astrophysics reactions. The theory talks were instead on new scalars in W-pair production at LHC, models for pentaquarks, nucleon electromagnetic form factors, skyrmion-based logic gates, metrics in Lyra's geometry. The present volume collects summaries of most of the talks and it is a unique opportunity for the school participants to have a peer-reviewed publication, which is often the first one in their careers. Having said this, let me warmly thank all co-organizers, the school secretary, the lecturers, the discussion leaders and, above all, the fellows who gave outstanding presentations and brightened up the XXI 'Bruno Touschek' Spring School
Black hole interior quantization: a minimal uncertainty approach
No full textIn a previous work we studied the interior of the Schwarzschild black hole implementing an effective minimal length, by applying a modification to the Poisson brackets of the theory. In this work we perform a proper quantization of such a system. Specifically, we quantize the interior of the Schwarzschild black hole in two ways: once by using the standard quantum theory, and once by following a minimal uncertainty approach. Then, we compare the obtained results from the two approaches. We show that, as expected, the wave function in the standard approach diverges in the region where classical singularity is located and the expectation value of the Kretschmann scalar also blows up on this state in that region. On the other hand, by following a minimal uncertainty quantization approach, we obtain 5 new and important results as follows. (1) All the interior states remain well-defined and square-integrable. (2) The expectation value of the Kretschmann scalar on the states remains finite over the whole interior region, particularly where used to be the classical singularity, therefore signaling the resolution of the black hole singularity. (3) A new quantum number is found which plays a crucial role in determining the convergence of the norm of states, as well as the convergence and finiteness of the expectation value of the Kretschmann scalar. (4) A minimum for the radius of the (2-spheres in the) black holes is found (5) By demanding square-integrability of states in the whole interior region, an exact relation between the Barbero-Immirzi parameter and the minimal uncertainty scale is found
Particle discrimination in a NaI crystal using the COSINUS remote TES design
No full textThe COSINUS direct dark matter experiment situated at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy is set to investigate the nature of the annually modulating signal detected by the DAMA/LIBRA experiment. COSINUS has already demonstrated that sodium iodide crystals can be operated at mK temperature as cryogenic scintillating calorimeters using transition edge sensors, despite the complication of handling a hygroscopic and low melting point material. With results from a new COSINUS prototype, we show that particle discrimination on an event-by-event basis in NaI is feasible using the dual-channel readout of both phonons and scintillation light. The detector was mounted in the novel remoTES design and operated in an above-ground facility for 9.06 g·d of exposure. With a 3.7 g NaI crystal, e-/γ events could be clearly distinguished from nuclear recoils down to the nuclear recoil energy threshold of 20 keV
Measurement of <math display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>-</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>η</mi><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> cross section from <math display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>3.808</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math> to 4.951 GeV
No full textUsing data samples with an integrated luminosity of 22.42 fb-1 collected by the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, we measure the cross sections of the e+e-→ηJ/ψ process at center-of-mass energies from 3.808 to 4.951 GeV. Three structures are observed in the line shape of the measured cross sections. A maximum-likelihood fit with ψ(4040), two additional resonances, and a nonresonant component are performed. The mass and width of the first additional state are (4219.7±2.5±4.5) MeV/c2 and (80.7±4.4±1.4) MeV, respectively, consistent with the ψ(4230). For the second state, the mass and width are (4386±13±17) MeV/c2 and (177±32±13) MeV, respectively, consistent with the ψ(4360). The first uncertainties are statistical, and the second ones are systematic. The statistical significance of ψ(4040) is 8.0σ and those for ψ(4230) and ψ(4360) are more than 10.0σ
Euclid preparation - XXXVII. Galaxy colour selections with Euclid and ground photometry for cluster weak-lensing analyses
No full textAims. We derived galaxy colour selections from Euclid and ground-based photometry, aiming to accurately define background galaxy samples in cluster weak-lensing analyses. These selections have been implemented in the Euclid data analysis pipelines for galaxy clusters.Methods. Given any set of photometric bands, we developed a method for the calibration of optimal galaxy colour selections that maximises the selection completeness, given a threshold on purity. Such colour selections are expressed as a function of the lens redshift.Results. We calibrated galaxy selections using simulated ground-based griz and EuclidYEJEHE photometry. Both selections produce a purity higher than 97%. The griz selection completeness ranges from 30% to 84% in the lens redshift range zl ∈ [0.2, 0.8]. With the full grizYEJEHE selection, the completeness improves by up to 25 percentage points, and the zl range extends up to zl = 1.5. The calibrated colour selections are stable to changes in the sample limiting magnitudes and redshift, and the selection based on griz bands provides excellent results on real external datasets. Furthermore, the calibrated selections provide stable results using alternative photometric aperture definitions obtained from different ground-based telescopes. The griz selection is also purer at high redshift and more complete at low redshift compared to colour selections found in the literature. We find excellent agreement in terms of purity and completeness between the analysis of an independent, simulated Euclid galaxy catalogue and our calibration sample, except for galaxies at high redshifts, for which we obtain up to 50 percentage points higher completeness. The combination of colour and photo-z selections applied to simulated Euclid data yields up to 95% completeness, while the purity decreases down to 92% at high zl. We show that the calibrated colour selections provide robust results even when observations from a single band are missing from the ground-based data. Finally, we show that colour selections do not disrupt the shear calibration for stage III surveys. The first Euclid data releases will provide further insights into the impact of background selections on the shear calibration.Key words: galaxies: clusters: general / galaxies: distances and redshifts / galaxies: photometry / galaxies: statistics / cosmology: observations / large-scale structure of Univers
The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array - IV. Implications for massive black holes, dark matter, and the early Universe
No full textThe European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) and Indian Pulsar Timing Array (InPTA) collaborations have measured a low-frequency common signal in the combination of their second and first data releases, respectively, with the correlation properties of a gravitational wave background (GWB). Such a signal may have its origin in a number of physical processes including a cosmic population of inspiralling supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs); inflation, phase transitions, cosmic strings, and tensor mode generation by the non-linear evolution of scalar perturbations in the early Universe; and oscillations of the Galactic potential in the presence of ultra-light dark matter (ULDM). At the current stage of emerging evidence, it is impossible to discriminate among the different origins. Therefore, for this paper, we consider each process separately, and investigated the implications of the signal under the hypothesis that it is generated by that specific process. We find that the signal is consistent with a cosmic population of inspiralling SMBHBs, and its relatively high amplitude can be used to place constraints on binary merger timescales and the SMBH-host galaxy scaling relations. If this origin is confirmed, this would be the first direct evidence that SMBHBs merge in nature, adding an important observational piece to the puzzle of structure formation and galaxy evolution. As for early Universe processes, the measurement would place tight constraints on the cosmic string tension and on the level of turbulence developed by first-order phase transitions. Other processes would require non-standard scenarios, such as a blue-tilted inflationary spectrum or an excess in the primordial spectrum of scalar perturbations at large wavenumbers. Finally, a ULDM origin of the detected signal is disfavoured, which leads to direct constraints on the abundance of ULDM in our Galaxy.Key words: black hole physics / gravitation / gravitational waves / methods: data analysis / pulsars: general / dark matter / early Universe⋆ The EPTA+InPTA DR2 data used to perform the analysis presented in this paper can be found at: https://zenodo.org/record/8091568 https://zenodo.org/record/8091568; https://gitlab.in2p3.fr/epta/epta-dr2⋆⋆ Corresponding authors: N. K. Porayko, [email protected]; H. Quelquejay Leclere, [email protected]; A. Sesana, [email protected]
Kubernetes technologies for ML-based solutions
Get PDF<p>Talk given at "Workshop Computing@CSN5: Applications and Innovations at INFN", Bari 14-16/10/2024</p>\n\n<p><strong>Abstract</strong>: we present some Kubernetes technologies used in the design and development of ML-based solutions. In particular, <strong>KServe</strong> for model serving and <strong>Kubeflow Training Operator</strong> for distributed training. We also present some use cases using these technologies.</p>