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Design and Simulation of a Transmon Qubit Chip for Axion Detection
No full textQuantum Sensing is a rapidly expanding research field that finds one of its applications in fundamental physics, as the search for Dark Matter. Devices based on superconducting qubits have already been successfully applied in detecting few-GHz single photons via Quantum Non-Demolition measurement (QND). This technique allows us to perform repeatable measurements, bringing remarkable sensitivity improvements and dark count rate suppression in experiments based on high-precision microwave photon detection, such as for Axions and Dark Photons search. In this context, the INFN Qub-IT project goal is to realize an itinerant single-photon counter based on superconducting qubits that will exploit QND for enhancing Axion search experiments. In this study, we present Qub-IT's status towards the realization of its first superconducting qubit device, illustrating design and simulation procedures and the characterization of fabricated Coplanar Waveguide Resonators (CPWs) for readout. We match target qubit parameters and assess a few-percent level agreement between lumped and distributed element simulation models. We reach a maximum internal quality factor of 9.2 × 10<sup>5</sup>for −92 dBm on-chip readout power
Status of the detector setup for the FAMU experiment at RIKEN-RAL for a precision measurement of the Zemach radius of the proton in muonic hydrogen
No full textThe FAMU experiment at RIKEN-RAL is a muonic atom experiment with the aim to determine the Zemach radius of the proton by measuring the 1s hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen. The activity of the FAMU Collaboration in the years 2015–2023 enabled the final optimisation of the detector-target setup as well as the gas working condition in terms of temperature, pressure and gas mixture composition. The experiment has started its data taking in July 2023. The status of the detector setup for the 2023 experimental runs, for the beam characterisation and muonic X-ray detection in the 100–200 keV energy range, is presented and discussed
Pulsar Timing Array signature from oscillating metric perturbations due to ultra-light axion
No full textA coherently oscillating ultra-light axion can behave as dark matter. In particular, itscoherently oscillating pressure perturbations can source an oscillating scalar metricperturbation, with a characteristic oscillation frequency which is twice the axion Comptonfrequency. A candidate in the mass range 10 eV can provide a signal in thefrequency range tested by current and future Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) programs. Involving thepressure perturbations in a highly nonlinear environment, such an analysis demands a relativisticand nonlinear treatment. Here, we provide a rigorous derivation of the effect assumingweak-gravity and slow-motion limit of Einstein's gravity in zero-shear gauge and show that darkmatter's velocity potential determines the oscillation phase and frequency change. A monochromaticPTA signal correlated with the velocity field would confirm the prediction, for example, bycross-correlating the PTA results with the future local velocity flow measurements
Remarks on BPS Wilson loops in non-conformal = 2 gauge theories and localization
No full textWe consider 1/2 BPS supersymmetric circular Wilson loops in four-dimensional = 2 SU(N) SYM theories with massless matter content and non-vanishing β-function. Following Pestun's approach, we can use supersymmetric localization on the sphere \mathbbm{S} ^{4} to map these observables into a matrix model, provided that the one-loop determinants are consistently regularized. Employing a suitable procedure, we construct the regularized matrix model for these theories and show that, at order g, the predictions for the 1/2 BPS Wilson loop match standard perturbative renormalization based on the direct evaluation of Feynman diagrams on \mathbbm{S} ^{4}. Despite conformal symmetry begin broken at the quantum level, we also demonstrate that the matrix model approaches perfectly captures the expression of the renormalized observable in flat space at this perturbative order. Moreover, we revisit in detail the difference theory approach, showing that when the β-function is non-vanishing, this method does not account for evanescent terms which are made finite by the renormalization procedure and participate to the corrections at order g
OPAL: HPC codes and simulations to unveil the Origins of Planets for the ArieL space mission.
Get PDF<p>The James Webb Space Telescope is allowing the characterisation of planetary atmospheres with a level of detail that exceeds the resolution of current models. With the future launch of the ESA mission Ariel, interpreting the large anticipated volume of such detailed spectra will require a new generation of models and theoretical frameworks. To timely tackle this challenge, we developed and are continuously expanding the <em>Arχes</em> suite of simulation codes for astrochemistry and planet formation. In this talk we will present the PNRR Key Science Project <em>OPAL</em> whose goals are twofold: 1/ enhance the efficiency and HPC capabilities of the <em>Arχes</em> codes and simulation pipelines. 2/ produce an unprecedented library of detailed and physically-justified atmospheric models of planets to support the preparation of the Ariel mission. We will also present the most recent addition to the <em>Arχes</em> suite, the planetary GROwth and MIgration Track population synthesis code (<em>GroMiT</em>) and its applications in support of the GAPS project at TNG and JWST proposals.</p>
Non-Abelian currents bootstrap
No full textWe initiate the study of correlation functions of non-Abelian spin-1 conserved current in three-dimensional conformal field theories using numerical conformal bootstrap. We discuss the general framework and apply it to the particular cases of SU(N) and O(N) global symmetry. In both cases, we obtain general bounds on operator dimensions. In the large-N limit our bounds show features in correspondence of the expected position of fermionic QED in three dimensions, as well as other interesting theories. By imposing gaps inspired by the spectrum of QED at large-N, we manage to restrict the plane of certain operator dimensions to a small island, where QED must live
The physics of gravitational waves
No full textThese lecture notes collect the material that I have been using over the years for various short courses on the physics of gravitational waves, first at the Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (France), and then at SISSA (Italy) and various summer/winter schools. The level should be appropriate for PhD students in physics or for MSc students that have taken a first course in general relativity. I try as much as possible to derive results from first principles and focus on the physics, rather than on astrophysical applications. The reason is not only that the latter require a solid understanding of the physics, but it also lies in the trove of data that are being uncovered by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration after the first direct detection of gravitational waves. Any attempt to summarize such a rich and fast changing landscape and its evolving astrophysical interpretation is bound to become obsolete before the ink hits the page
Sensitivities to feebly interacting particles: public and unified calculations
No full textThe increasing interest in Long-Lived Particles (LLPs) has led to numerous proposed experiments in order to search for them. However, the sensitivity estimates published by these experiments tend to rely on disparate assumptions. To ensure an accurate comparison of their potential to find LLPs, a unified estimation of their sensitivity is therefore required. In this contribution, we introduce \texttt{SensCalc}, a \texttt{Mathematica}-based code that uses a semi-analytic approach to calculate the event rate of GeV-scale LLPs, and we present several case studies
Modeling spin effects in electron-positron annihilation to hadrons
No full textThe string+ model of spin-dependent hadronization is applied to the fragmentation of a string stretched between a quark and an antiquark with entangled spin states, assumed to be produced in the annihilation process. The model accounts systematically for the spin correlations in the hadronization chain and is formulated as a recursive recipe suitable for the implementation in a Monte Carlo event generator. The recipe is applied to the production of two back-to-back pseudoscalar mesons produced in annihilation, and it is shown to reproduce the form of the azimuthal distribution of the hadrons as expected in QCD
Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000, F. 009 Anterselva
No full text<p>Foglio geologico alla scala 1:50.000 basato su rilevamenti alla scala 1:10.000 (eseguiti tra il 1998 e il 2012) comprensivo di legenda, schemi a cornice, sezioni geologiche.</p>