5805 research outputs found
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Wunsch und Wirklichkeit der Imageförderung in der Landwirtschaft: Vergleich von Schwerpunkten in Agrarmedien und in der Praxis junger Landwirt*innen
No full textStatus quo of light conditions in turkey barns to identify light-associated risk factors of behavioral disorders in turkey flocks
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Optimizing TPU performance : The role of mold temperature on injection molding of TPU
No full textThis study explores the influence of mold temperatures below 60°C on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) properties during injection molding, focusing on phase separation and its impact on mechanical, thermal, and viscoelastic properties. Using a combination of micro‐indentation, temperature scanning stress relaxation, and conventional characterization methods, the research highlights how increased mold temperatures promote more distinct phase separation, enhancing mechanical stability and physical properties. The novel use of micro‐indentation revealed a gradient in material stiffness from the surface to the core of injection‐molded samples, attributed to differential cooling rates and shear forces, which affect phase separation and crystallinity of the hard domains. These insights are critical for applications requiring specific surface properties and underscore the importance of understanding the interplay between chemical composition and processing conditions for optimizing TPU properties. Furthermore, the paper shows that tensile testing, differential scanning calorimetry, and Shore hardness cannot quantify the effects of mold temperatures below 60°C. The research highlights the influence and importance of chemical composition, rheological history, and thermal history on the properties of TPU
Optimizing the thermomechanical and thermal performance of epoxidized natural rubber hybrid nanocomposites using graphene and carbon nanotubes
No full textEntwicklung von Optimierungsansätzen im Allergenmanagement bei der Firma HOMANN Feinkost GmbH
No full textMicrobial Enterotypes in Personalized Nutrition for Improving Metabolic Health : A Proof-of-Concept Study
No full textBackground/Objective: Dietary fiber recommendations vary in effectiveness due to individual gut microbiome composition. Prevotella and Bacteroidesgenera are microbial markers linked to dietary habits and fiber utilization. In this proof-of-concept study, we aim to investigate the effect of optimal versus suboptimal dietary fiber supplementation in Prevotella-dominant (P-type) or Bacteroides-dominant (B-type) individuals on glucose homeostasis, hunger, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production.
Methods: This single-blinded, randomized cross-over study included healthy individuals (aged 30-65, BMI 20-30 kg/m2, HOMA-IR<2). Participants were stratified based on the relative abundance of Prevotella (P-Type,≥10%) or Bacteroides (B-Type,≥10%) via fecal 16S rRNA sequencing. Corn-bran arabinoxylan (AX) was determined as the optimal fiber for P-type, and long-chain Inulin (INU) as the optimal fiber for B-type individuals. Participants consumed 15g/day of INU, AX, and an isocaloric placebo (maltodextrin) for one week with a 2-week washout. After each phase, we conducted a postprandial meal test and measured fasting and postprandial breath hydrogen, glucose, insulin, cholesterol, plasma SCFA concentration, and visual analog scales (VAS) for hunger and satiety. Preliminary analyses were conducted by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) for VAS for hunger and satiety and breath hydrogen, with subsequent testing for treatment effects between P-type and B-type groups using mixed ANOVA and pairwise t-tests adjusted for Bonferroni multiple testing correction.
Results: The study included 22 normoglycemic (median HOMA-IR 1.2) participants (median age 52y, median BMI 22.5 kg/m²). P-type individuals (n=11) had a median of 20% Prevotella, and B-type individuals (n=11) had a median of 11% Bacteroides abundance. P- and B-types did not show significant differences in age, sex, BMI, or glucose metabolism at baseline. Preliminary findings indicate no significant treatment effects on VAS hunger and satiety or breath hydrogen AUCs between P- and B-type groups (adjusted p value>0.05). Further analyses are ongoing.
Discussion: The successful stratification of participants based on Prevotella and Bacteroides dominance shows promise for personalized fiber recommendations. Although initial analyses have not revealed significant effects, the impact of this approach on primary outcomes, including specific SCFAs and glucose responses in healthy individuals, remains to be determined
Effectiveness of neural mobilisation for the treatment of nerve-related cervicobrachial pain : a systematic review with subgroup meta-analysis
No full textAbstractNeural mobilisations (NM) have been advocated for the treatment of nerve-related cervicobrachial pain; however, it is unclear what types of patients with nerve-related cervicobrachial pain (if any) may benefit. Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, PeDro, Cinahl, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception until December 2022. Randomised controlled trials were included if they assessed the effectiveness of NM in nerve-related cervicobrachial pain, and outcome measures were pain intensity and/or disability. Studies were classified according to their inclusion/exclusion criteria asradiculopathy,Wainner cluster,Hall,and Elvey clusterorother. Meta-analyses with subgroup analyses were performed. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Rob2 tool. Twenty-seven studies were included. For pain and disability reduction, NM was found to be more effective than no treatment (pooled pain mean difference [MD] = −2.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −3.81 to −1.81; pooled disability standardized mean difference = −1.55, 95% CI = −2.72 to −0.37), increased the effectiveness of standard physiotherapy as an adjuvant when compared with standard physiotherapy alone (pooled pain MD = −1.44, 95% CI = −1.98 to −0.89; pooled disability MD = −11.07, 95% CI = −16.38 to −5.75) but was no more effective than cervical traction (pooled pain MD = −0.33, 95% CI = −1.35 to 0.68; pooled disability MD = −10.09, 95% CI = −21.89 to 1.81). For disability reduction, NM was found to be more effective than exercise (pooled MD = −18.27, 95% CI = −20.29 to −17.44). In most comparisons, there were significant differences in the effectiveness of NM between the subgroups. Neural mobilisations was consistently more effective than all alternative interventions (no treatment, traction, exercise, and standard physiotherapy alone) in 13 studies classified asWainner cluster. PROSPERO registration: CRD42022376087
