Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea
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Protection Efforts of Lutjanus bohar (The Two-Spot Red Snapper) Spawning Area in Hoga Island Waters, Kaledupa-Wakatobi National Park
Full text linkA spawning area of Lutjanus bohar, a marine fish of high economic value, is one of the eight important resources of Wakatobi and also a critical habitat in the waters of Hoga Island. For protecting the area, Wakatobi National Park has stated the area as a tourism zone (no-take zone). This research was conducted to evaluate progress toward spawning-area protection by examine number of individuals, length size of fish, and trespassing cases that occurred in the spawning area. Research was carried out in 2018-2019. Number of individuals and size of fish werecollected by referring to the monitoring guidelines for the Spawning Aggregation Site (SPAGs), and observations with an Underwater Visual Census. Trespassing case data were collected by interview key persons. Descriptive analysis was used to describe progress toward spawning-area protection. The results indicate that the protection effort of spawning area has a positive impact in increasing number of individuals and length of Lutjanus bohar. However, number of trespassing cases in the waters of Hoga Island still shows an increase. Fishing activities are the most trespassing cases occurred in thespawningarea. This approach should be implemented to evaluate the progress towards protection efforts, besides increasing the number of patrols and socialization with fishermen to increase their awareness
Population of Potential Rattan in Bukit Tiban Protection Forest, Batam, Indonesia
Full text linkRattan is one of the promising non-timber forest products which grow widely in Indonesia. The occurrence of rattan species, especially the commercial species, is threatened due to illegal over-exploitation. The study has been done in the Bukit Tiban Protection Forest (BTPF) to investigate the occurrence of rattan species and observe the characteristic of morphology properties and their utilization. In this study, a descriptive exploration method was applied and we performed an interview with local people in the field regarding the utilization. Morphological characteristics observed including habitus, leaves (such as color, leaflets, leaf arrangement, knee, ocrea, and climbing organ/cirrus/flagellum), and fruit. The identification key, illustrations, as well as the diagnostic character of each species were presented. Ten species of rattans were found in the BTPF, namely Calamussp.1 (Daemonorops verticillaris(Griff.) Martius), Calamussp.2 (Calamus rugosusBeccari), rotan sabut (Daemonorops sabutBeccari), rotan buah kecil (Daemonorops didymophyllaBeccari), Plectocomiasp. (Plectocomia elongate Martius ex Blume), rotan bukit (Daemonorops sepalBeccari), rotan dahan (Korthalsia rostrataBlume), Calamussp.5 (Calamus spectatissimusFurtado), Calamussp. (Daemonorops longipes(Griff.) Martius), and Calamus sp.6 (Calamus tanakadateiFurtado). Those ten species of rattan are potentially used for handicrafts, basketry, and ropes. Only five of ten species of rattan have been used commercially
Agarwood in the forest community and its potential depletion in West Papua
Full text linkAgarwood or eaglewood is a trading name of a solid resin from the two genera Aquilaria and Gyrinops which belongs to the Thymeleacea. The declining population of agarwood in natural forests placed the commodity regulated in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). Indonesia as one of the habitats of those two genera and also the main exporting country of agarwood has an interest in ensuring the sustainability of agarwood. This study aims to provide an updated habitat of agarwood-producing trees and to estimate the potential density of the agarwood species. Research conducted in the forest of Natural Tourism Park of Beriat, West Papua, showed that Aquilaria filaria grows well in the forest. Five adult individuals were found in karst forest where 72% were dominated by small trees (DBH <20 cm). In terms of forest communities, Aquilaria\u27s basal area reaches 1.9% of the total basal area and has a low importance value of 0.016 in the first dimension of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The overall potential for agarwood-producing trees was estimated to be only around 2.50 and 2.89 for tree and seedling per hectare, respectively. The potential density is decreased when compared to the estimated density carried out 20 years ago which was estimated at around 4.33 trees per hectare. Efforts to protect agarwood, one of which is by determining trade quotas, need to be carried out optimally in order to minimize the decline in agarwood populations in their natural forests
Bark Characteristics of Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth. and Acacia mangium Willd. From Industrial Plantation Forest
Full text linkIncreasing the value of bark can be known through the characteristics of the bark such as physical properties, the grade of fiber quality and the chemical composition of the bark. The purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics of the bark of the acacia plant species (i.e. Acacia auriculiformis and Acacia mangium) of Industrial Plantation Forest. The characteristics of the bark observed includes physical properties, quality grade of fiber and chemical composition. The results of this study showed that the bark density, thickness and water content of A. auriculiformis were 1.18g/cm3, 1.55 mm and 35.27% respectively, while, the bark density, thickness and water content of A. mangium were 0.95 g/cm3, 1.23 mm and 48.21% respectively. The fiber qualities of both plants are classified as grade III. The extractive substance levels of A. auriculiformis and A. mangium were 23.06% and 20.63%, respectively. Based on the analysis with GCMS it can be seen that the main compounds dissolve-hexane from species A. auriculiformis were 2-phenyl phenol 33.6% and palmitic acid 13.5%. In the species A. mangium the main compounds soluble n-hexane were palmitic acid 28.97% and oleic acid 21.43%. The results of the analysis showed that these two bark species could potentially to be adhesives materials, tanning agent, particle boards, and inhibitors at the rate of corrosion of steel
Plants Collection Enrichment of Purwodadi Botanic Garden Through Exploration in Alas Purwo National Park
Full text linkPurwodadi Botanic Garden (KR Purwodadi) is an exsitu conservation institution for dry climate lowland plants aiming at saving and protecting biodiversity from extinction. In supporting exsitu conservation efforts, plant exploration activities in their natural habitat need to be carried out. Alas Purwo National Park has a lowland forest area with abundant plant diversity. In addition to functioning as a conservation forest, this area is also a natural and religious tourist attraction, so it is likely to undergo ecosystem damage. Therefore, this plant diversity study with theactivity of plants exploration and collection was carried out for the purpose of ex situ conservation in KR Purwodadi.This study was conducted in August to September 2019 using an explorative method. A total of 24 species were obtained, of which 8 species were not yet cultivated by KR Purwodadi. Besides, there were 5 species included in the IUCN red list, namely Aglaonema simplex, Brucea javanica, Cycas rumphii, Melanolepis multiglandulosa, and Musa acuminata. This study has increased the number of plant collections in KR Purwodadi and contribute positively to the comprehensiveness of plant species data in Alas Purwo National Park
Population distribution patterns of Nepenthes reinwardtiana Miq. in Kerangas Forest of Teluk Adang Nature Reserve, Paser Regency
Full text linkTeluk Adang Nature Reserve (NR) is one of the Nepenthes habitats in East Kalimantan. One of the four Nepenthes species that can be found in this nature reserve is Nepenthes reinwardtiana or by local people known as anjat datu. The objectives of this study are to determine the population of N. reinwardtiana in Teluk Adang NR by calculating its density and frequency, and to know its distribution pattern using Morisita index and spatial analysis approach in the form of Nearest Neighbor Analysis and Multi-Distance Spatial Cluster Analysis (Ripley\u27s K Function). To know its distribution pattern, a census method by creating 5m x 5m plot along the observation track was done. The results showed that there were 2,943 individuals of N. reinwardtiana in Teluk Adang NR. Standardized Morisita Dispersion Index was 0.51, 0.55, and 0.51 in Tajur Village, Pasir Mayang Village, and Janju Village, respectively. The spatial distribution of N. reinwardtiana was clustered. Research on the distribution of N. reinwardtiana and its habitat needs to be carried out continuously so that its population in the Teluk Adang NR can be monitored
Residual Stand Damage Due to Timber Harvesting in PT Tunas Timber Lestari, Papua
Full text linkTimber harvesting activities can cause damage to residual stands, this can occur due to improper timber harvesting techniques. The study was conducted at one of PT Tunas Timber Lestari’s IUPHHK-HA in Papua Province. The results showed that: 1). The number of trees felled and skidded on 3 logging compartment with each of the 3 plot of observation sample has an area of 2 ha (the total area of the research is 18 ha) is 16 trees on average; 2). The average number of residual stand (trees with a diameter of ≥ 20 cm) damaged by logging is 26 trees (13.00%) per ha with details of damage to canopy of 4 trees (15.39%), broken branches of 13 trees (50.00%), the trunk wound of 2 trees (7.69%) and the collapsed/tilted of 7 trees (26.92%); 3). Damage to the residual stand in felling is caused more by the lack of skilled chainsaw operators in determining felling direction; 4) Damage to residual stands due to skidding is an average of 23 trees (9.99%) per ha, with details of 1 trees buttress (4.4%), wounds injuries of 7 trees steam (2.97) and collapsed/slanted 15 trees (65.2%); and 5). The cause of damage to the residual stand on skidding is that the skid trail has not been made and the skid tractor maneuvers too often
Implementing Occupational Safety and Health Management System in a Forest Management Unit (FMU) X: A Financial Analysis
Full text linkOccupational safety and health (OSH) issues in the Indonesian forestry sector have not been addressed properly even though activities in this sector pose a high risk of OSH disorders. The standard instrument (applies on a national scale) to ensure OSH protection in each business units is the Sistem Manajemen K3 (SMK3, Government Regulation Numbered 50 Year 2012). At present, not many forest management units in Indonesia are willing to implement integrated SMK3, because of the assumption that SMK3 is a cost-centered activity. This study aims to present an overview of SMK3 implementation cost (for 64, 122, and 166 criteria) in a Forest Management Unit (FMU) X, as well as analyzing financial capacity of the FMU X to allocate sufficient funds for the SMK3 implementation. The results showed that the Acacia mangium plantation in the FMU X is a feasible business, indicated by the Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR377,690,545, Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) 3.96, and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 25.02%. Further analysis shows that FMU X has good financial ability to support any cost required in implementating SMK3. It is the best for the FMU X to implement 166 criteria (advanced level) of SMK3 (at a cost of IDR704,598/ha/year, NPV ofIDR376,393,262, BCR 3.92, and IRR 24.75%)
Survival of Acacia leucophloea and Pterocarpus indicus Under Canopy of Acacia nilotica as Nurse Plants
Full text linkAcacia nilotica which is a plants of the genus Acacia which is known as one of the invasive genera. A.niloticais very invasive due to several advantages it has such as very large seed production, seed dispersal far enough by wildlife, young plants to grow very fast and are resistant to drought and fire. Some invasive acacia species can act as nurse plants for native plants, which increases the photosynthetic efficiency of native plants, and protects native species from extreme temperatures. Therefore, it is important to know the chance of recolonizing native plants in areas that are invaded by foreign species, by looking at the performance of plants seedlings under A.niloticastands. This study aims to determine the potential of A.niloticainvasive plants as nurse plants for local plants in East Timor. The stages in this research are the preparation of tools and materials, seeding of target species, selection of A.niloticastands as a nurse plants, selection of healthy target species seedlings to be planted, planting of target species seedlings under A.niloticastands, observing survival ability and species growth target. An analysis of the survival ability of the seedlings was carried out using the Kaplan-Meier survival curve. The results of this study are the angsana seedlings and kabesak in this study experienced many deaths, external factors such as high-temperature factors due to the long dry season suspected to be the cause. A.niloticashade does not affect the survival of the angsana and kabesak seedlings, allelopathy produced byA.niloticaplants accompanied by a drought in a long period of time causes the plantsis unable to act as nurse plants for kabesak and angsana plants
Current Status of Threatened Plant Collections in Cibodas Botanical Garden Based on IUCN Red List
Full text linkOne of the main task of Cibodas Botanical Garden (CBG) is to conserve the Indonesian plants species. Moreover, the preservation and enrichment of threatened plant collections based on IUCN red list categories became an important programme for plants conservation in CBG. The aims of this study are to inventory threatened plant collections and to reviewthe status of CBG threatened plant collections. List of threatened plantcollections was gathered from SINDATA, a system developed by CBG. The collection, was reviewed by inspecting current collections in CBG. Literature study was done to review the conservation status of the threatened plant collections. The conservation status was checked in IUCN red list website. The results shown that CBG had collected 86 species of threatened plants, which is 13 Critically Endangered (CR) species, 39 Endangered (EN) species, and 34 Vulnerable (VU) species.Critically endangered category consists of 13 species belong to 8 familiesand 10 genus. Endangered category consists of 39 speciesbelong to 17 familiesand 34 genus. Vulnerable category consists of 34 species belong to 27 familiesand28genus.The largest collections of threatened species was genus Nepenthes, which is 16% (14 species) from the total threatened species in CBG..Furthermore, CBG had succeeded in collecting 40speciesofIndonesiannative plants in which Dipterocarpaceae specieswere dominate the collection with 7 species.These species are listed as critically endangered (3 species) and endangered (4 species)