National Research Database of Zimbabwe
Not a member yet
5897 research outputs found
Sort by
Effectiveness of livelihood projects in reducing gender based violence: Case of Nyanga District, Ward 27, Manicaland Province.
No full textThis study is an investigation into the effectiveness of livelihood projects as a strategy in reducing Gender Based Violence (GBV). The study explored and highlighted the major causes of GBV, the livelihood options for women, the relationship between GBV and livelihoods and the extent to which livelihood projects as a strategy have reduced GBV and empowered women using the case study on Nyanga, Ward 27. The major causes of GBV are poverty, lack of economic independence among women, patriarchal norms and values and unequal representation of women in decision making processes. The study noted a negative and positive relationship between GBV and livelihoods was noted. GBV impacts negatively on women’s livelihoods in that it leads to failure of projects hence negative livelihood outcomes. A positive relationship was noted in that, with livelihood projects women have increased income which they use to access food, education and health services and other material things necessary for survival. The study employed mixed research methodologies and data was collected through in-depth/one-on-one interview, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Data analysis was guided by Sara Longwe’s Women Empowerment Framework and the DFID Sustainable Livelihood Framework. The study also discovered that financial, human, physical, natural and social assets/resources are required to sustain the women’s livelihoods in Nyanga. The women in Nyanga are being negatively affected by the economic, political and technological context in which they are living. Natural disasters such as drought and diseases are also affecting women’s livelihoods negatively. The study also noted that traditional and religious practices have a negative impact on women’s livelihoods in the district. Livelihood projects as a strategy have reduced GBV and empowered women socially and economically. Women engaged in livelihoods projects have managed to achieve eight of the nine sustainable livelihood outcomes which are economic security; nutrition security; food security; health security; education security; community participation; access to institutions and gender. Therefore, there is need to embark women to start livelihood projects. While those already in such process intensify their efforts in order to get maximum returns
Quality assurance effectiveness: perceptions of students and lecturers on the quality assurance mechanisms employed in the PGDE programme at Zimbabwe Open University
No full textAbstract,At the time there was no meaningful economic growth in Zimbabwe most of the graduate youth found themselves joining the teaching profession. Consequently, at Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU), there was a sharp rise in the student enrolment in the Post Graduate Diploma in Education (PGDE). The notable rise in student teacher enrolment in the PGDE programme was also attributable to the demand made by employer of teachers that all teaching staff should have a teaching qualification. At ZOU the sharp rise in the numbers of students studying the PGDE programme presented some problems in the effort to quality assure the programme. The study was conducted to determine lecturers’ and student views on the ways in which the quality assurance mechanisms were viewed as effective and not effective. Lecturers and PGDE students were purposively and conveniently sampled to take part in a case study which was conducted in the Midlands Region of ZOU. Questionnaires and a focus group discussion were used to generate data. The study established that several mechanisms were in place to quality assure the PGDE programme. Nonetheless while some of the mechanisms were opined as being effective in providing ways for further improvement, contact tutorial time was viewed as inadequate and Teaching Practice examining as lacking the external aspect by sister universities. The study recommended extension of tutorial time and external examining of the Teaching Practice component of the PGDE programme, inter alia
Music, learning and early childhood education: a review of literature
No full textOftentimes teachers consider learning in the formal classroom as the best approach to teaching early childhood learners. Activities such as music and dance are usually regarded as opportunities for relaxation and therefore not useful as tools for effective teaching and learning. This review of literature demonstrates that singing or music as it is currently known provides invaluable avenues for concept acquisition across the early childhood school curriculum. The review thus proposes various ways which early childhood education teachers can adopt in using music as an avenue for effective teaching and learnin
An Assessment on the Impact of Employee Participation in Decision Making On Improving Organizational Performance: A Case of PPC Cement Mining Company at Colleen Bawn
No full textEmployee involvement /participation in decision making is claimed to enhance performance, effectiveness, commitment, motivation , commitment and efficiency in organizations but the absence of employees involved in decision making process could result in job dissatisfaction, demotivated workforce, employee turnover and irresponsibility of which probably could negatively affect organizational performance. Therefore the purpose of the study was to examine negatively affect organisational performance. Therefore the purpose of the study was to examine the impact of employee involvement in decision-making process on improvising organisational performance. The study is exploratory in approach. Primary and secondary data were sources of data collection. Questionnaires were administered with fifty (50) mining staff of PPC mine management should adopt the McGregor’s theory Y to encourage and accept employee’s views. This lead to be better decision-making through diversity of ideas, motivated workforce, effective implementation of decisions and superior employee performance and organization as whole.,Lupane State Universit
An investigation into the perceptions and experiences of male victims of gender based violence: a case of Maramba ward 6, UMP.
No full textGender based violence (GBV) is a global problem that greatly impact on health, causes social predicament and violates human rights. Male victims of GBV emerge as a micro, meso and macro problem that have been neglected, as such, it was imperative to uncover the experiences, perceptions and coping strategies of male victims. Such experiences are exacerbated by male repulsive policies coupled with females misconstruing the support to mean being abusive. Cultural traits on the other hand have burdened men with responsibility yet this era of globalization have resulted in unemployment racking havoc on men while offering better opportunities for women through affirmative action. The reversal of roles at family level results in men being viewed as weak, unable to play the fatherly figure of fending for the family. Men are not immune to abuses thus; adopting coping strategies enable them to be resilient to the abuses. The coping strategies lean on how they perceive their victimization. What remained unproven was how the victims are affected by the dormant stance taken by communities, societies, family and themselves as individuals which is the genesis for their victimization. Therefore the study sought to make an investigation of perceptions, experiences of male victims in Maramba Ward 6 in UMP. The research utilized triangulation research methodologies. Questionnaires were purposively administered to 35 respondents while 10 in-depth interviews were selected through snow balling. The FGDs were done with men such that specifically their plight would be attended to. The results showed that men too are vulnerable to GBV and refuted the claim that GBV by women is in self-defense since promiscuity, poverty, jealousy were popular reasons that exacerbated victimization of male victims. Their negative coping strategies were not only affecting the victims but could also affect the abuser and the children, leading to family breakdown. A multi sectoral approach which embraces male victims through improving service provision and increasing resources allocated to male victims is worthwhile. The approach will cease GBV to be a permanent feature and its effects in dismantling the family will be less likely to be experienced thus, a GBV free and just societ
An Outcomes Evaluation for the European Commission (EC) Nyanga Sanitation for Success: A Case Of (Urban and Peri Urban) Comprehensive Sanitation by CAFOD and CARITAS Mutare, Zimbabwe
No full textThis outcome evaluation focused on the Sanitation for Success, Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) project implemented in the Nyanga town by Caritas Zimbabwe, Mutare, coordinated by CAFOD and sponsored by European Commission (EC). The project’s goal was to bring significant and sustainable improvements in health, living condition conditions and economic opportunities, particularly for the poorest people in Nyanga, Zimbabwe.
The project had two broad objectives which included contributing to progress towards Millennium Development Goal 7 of halving the proportion of people without sustainable access to basic sanitation and to sustainably improve living conditions, health, human dignity, economic productivity and the environment in poor urban and peri urban areas of Nyanga, Zimbabwe. The changes expected were; an increase in sanitation coverage by 50%, improved hygiene practices and behaviors and a sustainable sanitation service provision structure managed and maintained by local authorities and community level structures with private sector involvement.
A desk review of the pertinent literature that is in line with the outcome evaluation was carried out. A research on the other evaluation that were done in related projects was also reviewed and lastly the methodology that these evaluations used was also reviewed. The similar evaluations reviewed include Community Water supply and Sanitation by Water Aid in Nepal, WASH program in Ethiopia sponsored by USAID and health, WASH project in DRC and water facility project by European Union.
The evaluation design was outlined where systematic and cluster sampling was used to select 150 households and 5 focus group discussions respectively. The methods that were used for data collection are documents review, In Depth Key Informant
Interviews, Focused Group Discussions and a Household Questionnaire Survey. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis while Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS)version 17 was used for analyzing quantitative data.
The evaluation findings indicated that generally the project was successful in terms of improvement in attitudes, knowledge and practices of the participants with regards to sanitation issues. The community showed adoption of good sanitation practices based on increase of 68.3%
from 48.8% on usage of latrine or temporary toilet and 55% of the households had presence of hand washing agents. There was increase in the usage of sanitation facilities by older people and by children under five, improved diaper usage and disposal, increase in hand washing moments and lastly improved service provision by local authorities.
Following recommendations were obtained from the evaluation;
1. For future projects the objectives and vision issues for the health clubs should be uniform and SMART as this determines the course of these health clubs and aids them in preparation for future changes and this will also assist in evaluating and controlling performance. 2. There’s need for future project to promote utilization of local resources (human and material) as far as possible to promote local economic development. In addition, the project needs to identify strategies that generate income whilst promoting sustainable water and sanitation practices. 3. There is need to focus on provision of water to new locations like Mangondoza as this is critical for improved sanitation services. 4. In future sanitation projects there is need to reduce the amount of refuse generated at the household level through waste separation and recycling. Households should be supported in such strategies. 5. There is need to raise public awareness on legislation governing water and sanitation services. Besides raising public awareness, in future Caritas projects’ need to have strategies that instil a sense of belonging and responsibility among the targeted communities. 6. There is need for training in Community Based Monitoring and Evaluation for groups so that monthly group meetings are effectively used for critical groups so that monthly group meetings are effectively used for critical review and reflection. 7. Future WASH projects need to involve more men and youth in community groups particular health clubs. Such involvement would enhance social cohesion and promote social justice between men, women, boys and girls
An Outcome Evaluation of The E-Learning Project by Gigher Life Foundation in Binga District, Mat North.
No full textThe E learning project was implemented by Capernaum Trust as an initiative aimed at improving the pass rate, quality of education of the programme clients. A need assessment was conducted to establish the challenges accounting for the low academic performance by the programme clients. The outcomes revealed that the beneficiaries had a challenges of being primitive lagging behind in terms of information flow, not getting quality education and technical knowhow hence these results activated the need to implement the E-learning. The E learning project was implemented with the objective of achieving three main outcomes that include increasing the academic performance of programme clients by 50%, increasing the access to information of the programme clients by 100% and also establishing function E learning centers which offer quality internet access. At the point of implementation the programme staff together with the monitoring and evaluation team carried out a baseline survey in Binga district to ascertain the academic performance of the programme clients before receiving the E learning together with average time that they spend to have access to basic information. Results revealed that the pass rate that the average study time of the programme clients ranged between 0 weeks and 6 months. Thus the e learning project with the aim of establishing whether the project has managed to achieve it three main outcome
An investigation into the impact of Super Roma’s Healing Ministry on the Roman Catholic Church in Zimbabwe: a case study of Gweru and Masvingo Dioceses
No full textReligious movements of renewal, revival and healing have been a key characteristic feature of Christianity in Zimbabwe. From as early as the pre-independence era, both national and transnational healing communities have operated with considerable vitality in their bid to put the Gospel into practice. The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of Super Roma’s healing ministry on Christianity in Zimbabwe, particularly on the Catholic Church where the movement is more pronounced. The study utilized the phenomenological, historical, sociological and theological methods. The unavailability of literature on Super Roma posed as limitation, thereby prompting the researcher to depend heavily on interviews to establish the impact of the ecumenically composed movement. Three research techniques were crucial in data collection, namely, interviews, questionnaires and sampling. Interviews were conducted at three mission stations where Father (Fr). Urayai, the protagonist of the movement operated as priest cum exorcist. These mission stations are: Mutero in Gutu district, St Kizito and Chinyuni in Zhombe and Chirumhanzu districts respectively. The impact of Super Roma’s healing ministry was assessed at three theoretical levels, namely, membership, theology and practice. The information collected using narrative interviews was categorized based on objectives and interpreted qualitatively. Upon examination of research findings, it was established that Father Urayai’s healing ministry that dates back to the late 60s provided both the foundation and context within which Super Roma emerged. Within the Roman Catholic circles, Super Roma has not been well received. It was often accused of introducing new doctrines that undermined some major articles of inter-denominationally accepted traditional Christian theology. For that reason, Super Roma has always operated on the fringes of traditional denominations, particularly the Roman Catholic Church. However, with faith healing occupying a key position in the life of the movement, the practice of Eucharistic intercommunion, a camouflaged strategy of ‘stay and reform from within’ as well as providing a safety net for orphans and other vulnerable children, Super Roma has gained ground as a national movement of Christian derivation in Zimbabwe. Against all odds, it has managed to recruit from a number of Zimbabwe’s traditional mainline denominations
Assessment of the impact of landuse changes on the water quality of Incomati River, Southern Mozambique.
No full textThe growth of socio-economic activities such as irrigated agriculture and urbanization in the Lower Incomati River Basin in Mozambique is putting pressure on water quality in the catchment. The area between Xinavane and Marracuene is covered with high density of aquatic weeds and signals of eutrophication in the river and related lagoons. This could be caused by the excessive use of fertilizers, disposal of untreated wastewater from settlements and sugar industry. This study aims to assess the impact of landuse changes on water quality based on GIS and remote sensing techniques. The study used historical data on water quality from 2000 to 2015 and primary data collected in seven established sampling sites from January to March 2016. Images with less than 10 % cloud cover were downloaded from http://glovis.usgs.gov/, for 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, for the off rainy season (July-September). The images were classified in a GIS environment, based on the maximum likelihood classifier algorithm and future projections were done using the Markov Chain analysis through the Terrset software. Results show that EC, nitrates and turbidity are the most variant parameters; with EC varying from 191 to 924 μS/cm, nitrates from 0.08 to 88.63 mg/l and turbidity from 0.5 to 53.3 mg/l. The spatial variation in the water quality results revealed that the sampling site at the drainage of Três de Fevereiro Churamati (SS5) presented the highest parameter values and the sampling site control located in Chinhanguanine (SS1) had the lowest values. The land cover changed significantly from 2000 to 2015 with an increase in settlements by 185 % and irrigation by 162 %. There was a considerable decrease in forestland by 58 % during the same period. Between 2015 and 2030, there is a predicted increase in irrigation by 58 % and settlements by 61 % and a decrease in forestland by 98 %. The study revealed that there is significant relationship between water quality (nitrates) and forestland (-0.97), grassland (-0.95), settlements (0.98) and irrigation (0.65) between 2000 and 2015, showing that these changes in landuse could have caused a deterioration in water quality in the Lower Incomati River Basin. At the same rates of increase, in 2020 the concentrations of pH, nitrates and turbidity are expected to be 8.32, 20.9 mg/l and 11.0 mg/l, respectively; and for 2030 the concentrations of the same parameters are expected to be 8.43, 21.3 mg/l and 11.3 mg/l, respectively. The study concluded that there are significant relationships between landuse and water quality, and it is therefore recommended that there should be an improvement on the monitoring network by increasing the sampling frequency from quarterly to monthly, and by increasing the key parameters which are TSS, TDS and COD. Best practices in irrigated agriculture are encouraged and the implementation of proper environmental management plans for the urban area in order to improve water quality is also recommended.,WaterNe
Impacts of land use and land cover changes on the water quality of surface water bodies: Muzvezve Sub-Catchment, Zimbabwe.
No full textMany catchments in Southern Africa, including the Muzvezve Subcatchment in the central part of Zimbabwe have been negatively affected by the deterioration of water quality. This study aimed at assessing the impacts of land use and land cover changes on the water quality of Muzvezve River and Claw dam in Zimbabwe. Five sampling campaigns across the wet and dry seasons were conducted from Mid-December 2015 to end of February 2016 at six systematically selected sampling points. Eight physico-chemical parameters including turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC) Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), phosphorus and nitrogen, were analysed using Standard Methods. The biological parameters measured were faecal coliforms and total coliforms. Heavy metals analysed included; Copper, Zinc, Cadmium and Lead. The river water quality was compared to EMA ambient water quality guidelines. Land cover was characterized using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and was correlated with selected ground measured parameters of turbidity and TDS. A rapid water quality assessment for Claw Dam was done using remotely sensed and ground measured data. Analysis was conducted within a GIS environment and statistical software. Results showed that, for the measured parameters along the Muzvezve River, most were below the EMA standard guidelines, indicating that the river water quality is fairly good. The parameters which were below the threshold levels include EC, TDS, coliforms, BOD, COD, turbidity, phosphates and coliforms. However, based on WHO standards, the Muzvezve River water is not safe for drinking, without some form of appropriate effective treatment. Agriculture and settlement had no significant effect on water quality (p >0.05). Mining had significant effect (p< 0.05) as seen by high zinc and lead especially in the dry season. Results of the NDVI correlation with measured water quality parameters of turbidity and TDS showed that NDVI had a strong and significant positive relationship (p <0.05) with turbidity (r=0.998) and TDS (r ranging from 0.961 to 0.980) in the dry season. From these results, it was concluded that land cover could be used to predict turbidity during the dry season and TDS during the wet season. Turbidity showed positive correlation with the Blue, Red and NIR bands of Landsat 8 imagery. Results, however, showed that Secchi depth and Chlorophyll a correlations were weak. It was concluded that more work needs to be done on testing whether remotely sensed data can be used to estimate water quality in environments similar to the study area.,WaterNe