Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
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Productivity of IPB-D2 and IPB-D3 Chickens with Repeatability of Newcastle Disease Antibody Titer
Full text linkND virus causes mortality in poultry. Passively acquired maternal antibodies inhibit immunoglobulin formation. Repeatability is a genetic parameter that determines the inheritance of traits from elders to chicks. IPB-D2 chickens were selected for disease resistance, and IPB-D3 chickens were selected for weight gain. This study aimed to evaluate the productivity of IPB-D2 and IPB-D3 chickens and assess the inheritance of Newcastle Disease (ND) antibody traits in 36 IPB-D3 and 21 IPB-D2 chickens. The T-test was used to compare the group means of the two chicken breeds. Antibody titer measurements were based on the Geometric Mean Titer (GMT). Estimation of ND titer repeatability using within-class correlation. Fertility and hatchability differed significantly (p < 0.05). ND titer of IPB-D2 chicken and IPB-D3 chicken DOC LOG 2 GMT 1.61 ± 1.10 and 1.34 ± 0.95. The antibody titer of IPB-D2 and IPB-D3 chickens at 14 days of age was 1.02 ± 1.20 and 1.37 ± 0.95. The ND titer value in the egg yolk of IPB-D2 chicken was 4.02 ± 1.94, and in IPB-D3 chicken was 3.64 ± 2.54. The results showed the repeatability value of l antibodies in IPB D-2 chickens and IPB D-3 chickens in DOC 0.49±0.30, 0.42±0.33 and 0.39±0.28; 0.25±0.15, respectively. Fertility and hatchability of IPB-D3 chickens were better than those of IPB-D2 chickens. The yolk ND titer of IPB-D2 chickens was higher than IPB- D3 chicken. The ND titer reciprocity of IPB-D2 chickens was higher than that of the IPB-D3 chickens.
Keywords: IPB-D2 Chicken, IPB-D3 Chicken, Newcastle Disease, productivity, repeatabilit
The Farmers’ Satisfaction of UPJA Services in Yogyakarta
Full text linkAgricultural Equipment and Machinery Services Business (UPJA) is a rural economic entity that provides services to improve farming equipment and machinery (alsintan). UPJA\u27s good performance will satisfy consumers (farmers). The purpose of this survey was to discover how satisfied farmers were with UPJA services. The method employed was descriptive, with IPA-Kano integrated analysis. The data was gathered through interviews and the distribution of questionnaires to 90 UPJA clients from three classes: Beginner, Developing, and Professional. The results revealed that clients were Quite Satisfied in the Beginner class, Very Satisfied in the Developing class, and Satisfied in the Professional class. The Beginner class\u27s priorities for increasing service were the diversity of machinery, its adequacy, and the number of staff. In the Developing and Professional classes, advertising attributes, personal protective equipment utilization, and team member uniforms were prioritized for service improvement.
Keywords: agricultural tools and machinery, farmers’ satisfaction, UPJ
Dampak Pertanian Organik dan Konvenional pada Biodiversitas dan Sifat Kimia Tanah pada Budi Daya Tanaman Padi Sawah
Full text linkThe phenomenon of leveling off and environmental degradation that occurs as a negative impact of the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides encourages the development of organic farming systems that can produce crop yields that are not contaminated and free from synthetic chemicals and maintain a healthier environment. The research was conducted from October to December 2022 by taking soil samples from farmers\u27 paddy fields in Tegal Regency using an organic (Cawitali Village) and conventional or non-organic (Jembayat Village) farming system. Composite soil samples were taken from a soil depth of 0 to 20 cm from the soil surface using a soil drill on lowland rice fields with organic farming systems and conventional farming after harvest. The analysis of the chemical properties of the soil carried out was C-organic (Walkley and Black), N-total (Kjeldahl), CEC and soil bases (exch-Ca, exch-Mg, exch-K, and exch-Na), total P (25% HCl) and available P (Bray I), while the observed soil biological properties were the total number of microbial and fungal populations. The results showed that organic paddy soil\u27s chemical and biological properties were relatively higher than conventional paddy soil\u27s. Total fungi in organic lowland soils were lower than in conventional paddy fields. The nutrient status of C-organic and N-total in organic rice fields tended to increase compared to conventional rice fields, namely from very low to low and low to moderate, respectively. In contrast, the other nutrient statuses observed tended to remain relatively unchanged. Generally, soil biological and chemical properties were better in organic farming than in conventional farming systems.
Keywords: leveling off, organic farming, conventional farming, nutrient statu
Combination Effect of NK and P Fertilizers on Soil Available-K, K Absorption, and Sweet Corn Productivity in Inceptisols
Full text linkOne factor affecting sweet corn\u27s (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) productivity refers to soil fertility and proper fertilization. This study aimed to determine the optimal combination of NK and P fertilizer doses to enhance the growth and yield of corn grown on Inceptisols. This research was conducted at the Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition Experimental Field, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The Randomized Block Design consisted of 10 treatments with three replicates each. The treatments included: A, control; B, standard NPK; C, ¼ dose NK + 1 P + ½ N; D, ½ dose NK + 1 P + ½ N; E, ¾ dose NK + 1 P + ½ N; F, 1 dose NK + 1 P + ½ N; G, 1¼ dose NK + 1 P; H, 1 dose NK; I, ½ dose NK + ½ single N,P,K; and J, ¾ dose NK + ¼ single N,P,K. The results showed that the combination of NK and P fertilizers significantly affected the growth and yield of sweet corn. The treatment with ¾ NK + 1 P + ½ N had a notable impact on cob weight (0.33 kg/cob), cob diameter (5.05 cm), and cob length (21.2 cm). This treatment also increased K absorption to 34.49, available soil K to 2.45 cmol kg-1, and the sweetness level of corn to 13.56%. This study provides new recommendations for corn fertilization to improve the growth and yield on Inceptisols.
Keywords: optimal fertilizer dosage, corn growth, corn productivity, nutrient uptak
Anatomi Tumbuhan Pakan Gajah Sumatra (Elephas maximus sumatranus Temminck) di Taman Nasional Way Kambas
Full text linkForage plants are one of the main aspects in the conservation management of the Sumatran elephant. Anatomical studies of elephant food plants can provide reference data needed in identifying the diversity of elephant food plants, especially in the studies with faecal samples. This study aims to provide anatomical data of Sumatran elephant feed plants. The observed samples consisted of leaf samples from 24 species and stem samples from four species. Samples were prepared for microscopic paradermal section using the wholemount method. The results showed that rectangular epidermal cell shapes were found in samples of Poaceae leaves, Cyperaceae leaves and stems, and Arecaceae leaves. Stomata with dumbbell-shaped guard cells were only found in Poaceae leaf samples and Cyperaceae leaf and stem samples. The presence of silica cells and cork cells distinguished the Poaceae samples from Cyperaceae. Other leaf samples had qualitative anatomical characteristics that varied based on anticlinal walls of epidermal cells, type of stomata, and trichomes. Quantitative characterization of epidermal cell size; stomatal size, density, and index; and trichome density are used to complete the species description and distinguish species that have the same qualitative characteristics.
Keywords: epidermis, paradermal leaf section, stomata, trichome, wholemount metho
Uji Patogenisitas Cendawan Penyebab Penyakit Daun Pada Sengon Di Persemaian Permanen Dramaga Bogor
No full textSengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) is a fast-growing tree species, and its wood is readily available because it has been widely cultivated in Indonesia. Efforts to propagate sengon plants are carried out through breeding activities in the nursery. The study aimed to identify the fungus that causes leaf disease on sengon plants and calculate the extent and intensity of attacks by the fungus that causes leaf disease on sengon in the Dramaga Bogor Permanent Nursery. This research consisted of pathogenicity test activities, including field observations, Koch\u27s postulates, and the identification of fungal species. The study used a Completely Randomized Factorial Design. The disease symptoms found around 2 months of sengon leaves at the observation site were leaf fall, leaf spot, and leaf blight. The identified fungus that caused leaf fall was Rhizoctonia sp. The fungus that caused leaf spots was Colletotrichum sp., and the fungus that caused leaf blight was Fusarium sp. Fusarium sp. resulted in the highest percentage of attacks, with a disease incidence of 67% and a disease severity of 57%.
Keywords: characteristics, identification, Koch`s postulates, morpholog
Meta-analysis of Physicochemical Characteristics in Beekeeping, Wild, and Stingless Bee Honey
Full text linkThe two most extensively beekeeping honeybee species were Apis mellifera and A. cerana. Other species that produced honey, albeit with infrequent cultivation, include A. dorsata, A. florea, and some stingless bees, including Trigona and Melipona. Different types of honeybees were known to affect the quality of honey. Hence, this investigation aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to examine the similarities in honey quality between honey sourced from beekeeping and wild honeybees. Data analysis was performed using the OpenMEE software, facilitating the calculation of effect size and standard error. The effect size and common error data were subsequently organized into separate columns within a CSV file. This CSV file was then imported into the JASP 0.16.2 software to conduct heterogeneity and Egger tests to detect potential publication bias. The findings indicated significant disparities in the quality of honey produced by beekeeping, wild, and stingless bee honey, as determined by various parameters, including pH value, moisture, total sugar, acidity, HMF (hydroxymethylfurfural), and diastase enzyme levels (p < 0.05). According to the results of the meta-analysis, honey from beekeeping exhibited superior quality to that of wild and stingless bees. However, the average values of all parameters still adhered to the established honey quality standards set by the Standar Nasional Indonesia and the International Honey Standard (IHS).
Keywords: honey, honeybees, meta-analysis, physicochemical qualit
Efektivitas Bahan Pembenah Tanah pada Dinamika Fosforus dengan Perunutan Isotop 32P dan Hasil Jagung di Ultisol Jasinga
Full text linkSoil conditioners can accelerate the recovery of soil physical, chemical, and/or biological quality, thus optimizing soil productivity. The 32P isotope tracing technique was used to determine the contribution of P from soil amendments in the form of lime, biochar, and compost, as well as to study their effects on P fertilization efficiency and corn yield. The treatments included lime, biochar, compost, and combinations of these three materials. The parameters analyzed were corn yield and P contribution from P sources. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of soil amendments to increase P uptake, growth, and yield of corn, as well as to determine the P contribution from lime, biochar, and compost to corn plants using the 32P isotope tracing technique. The results on Ultisol soil from Jasinga, Bogor, showed that the combination of 3 t ha-1 lime + 15 t ha-1 biochar + 15 t ha-1 compost resulted in the highest grain weight of 45.942 g per plant; the contribution of P from the carrier materials to the grain of the combination of 3 t ha-1 lime + 15 t ha-1 biochar + 15 t ha-1 compost was 44.945 mg per plant. In conclusion, the combination of these soil conditioners can increase P availability and corn production on Ultisol soil from Jasinga, Bogor.
Keywords: soil conditioner material, 32P isotope tracer technique, Ultisol
Aktivitas Enzimatik Cendawan dari Lalat Bactrocera dorsalis sebagai Kandidat Cendawan Entomopatogen
Full text linkExtracellular enzymes produced by fungi can serve as a screening tool for entomopathogen candidates. Enzyme secretion ability is important in determining the virulence level of an entomopathogenic fungus. This study aims to see the potential of fungal isolates through chitinolytic, lipolytic, and proteolytic activities of five entomopathogenic fungal isolated from Bactrocera sp. imago from citrus plants. The research was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Department of Biology at the University of Lampung. Enzymatic activity is known through the method of observing the clear zone formed on agar media. Quantitative tests based on the calculation of enzymatic index values showed that Nigrospora sp. (IB1) had lipolytic activity, Penicillium sp. 2 (IB5) isolates had chitinolytic, lipolytic, and proteolytic activities. The isolates of Penicillium sp. 1 (IB2), Phytopthora sp. (IB3), and Gliocladium sp. (IB4) did not show the activity of the three enzymes.
Keywords: Bactrocera sp., bioinsecticide, entomopathogenic fungi, enzym
Efek Antijamur Ekstrak Daun Selasih Liar (Ocimum gratissimum) pada Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae dan Alternaria porri pada Bawang Merah The antifungal properties of clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) extract on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cepae and Alter
No full textThe antifungal properties of clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) extract on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cepae and Alternaria porri were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Thirty grams of the clove basil sterilized leaves were mashed in a sterile mortar, soaked for 24 hr in 100 mL of 96% ethanol as an extractant. The extract was filtered through sterile Whatman No. 1 filter paper and stored at 4°C for subsequent use. Three different concentrations (5, 10, and 15%) were applied using the poisoned food technique. A 4-mm diameter mycelial disc of each tested fungus was inoculated on each amended agar plate. Daily radial growth was recorded for 7 days. For the in vivo test, two different concentrations (15% and 20%) were used. No spray and mancozeb spraying were used as controls. Seed bulbs of shallots were planted in a 25 cm x 25 cm polybag and allowed to be naturally infected by Alternaria porri. The clove basil leaf extract and mancozeb were sprayed onto the plants once a week, starting when the first symptom of the purple blotch disease appeared. The results showed that clove basil leaf extract had good efficacy in inhibiting F. Oxysporum f. sp. Cepae and A. Porri in vitro, with a growth inhibition up to 55%. The extract can also reduce the disease intensity of purple blotch with an infection rate of 0.029, indicating that it has the potential to be developed as a botanical fungicide.
Keywords: antifungal effect, Alternaria porri, clove basil, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, leaf extrac