QIJIS (Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies)
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The Dissemination of Religious Moderation Through the Policy of the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs
Full text linkThis paper is a reflection on the policy of Moderasi Beragama (religious moderation) launched by the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs in 2019, which has been incorporated into the 2020-2024 Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN, Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah). Moderasi Beragama is a strategic policy implemented by the Ministry of Religious Affairs for half a decade and has resulted in several accomplishments up to this point. This study sheds light on the Ministry of Religious Affairs’ efforts to disseminate religious moderation through the ministerial policy by reviewing the implementation journey since its official enactment. The study results reveal that the policy of Moderasi Beragama has been effectively working over the past five years, particularly within the Ministry of Religious Affairs itself, and has the potential for further development in the future. Although it still has a long way to go to become a “national habitus,” this policy has managed to attain certain achievements in accordance with its road map throughout the past five years
The Minority Stigma of Niqabi in Social Communities: A Study of Living Sunnah on Niqab-Wearing Students at the Islamic State University in Lampung
Full text linkThis study specifically focuses on the minority stigma faced by niqab wearers, particularly among university students in Lampung, Indonesia. On the one hand, this group of niqab-wearing students tries to apply Islamic teachings (read: hadith) in their everyday lives. However, this group finds itself as a minority and frequently faces a negative stereotype. Therefore, this study aims to reveal how both niqab and non-niqab-wearing students understand the hadiths pertaining to the niqab, how the majority group, consisting of students and lecturers, perceive the minority of niqab-wearing students, and how the attitudes of the minority of niqab-wearing students toward the stigmatization they encounter. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method and phenomenological approach. The results revealed that students’ understanding varied from understanding, to lack of understandin, and not understanding the hadith teachings about the niqab. Furthermore, the Islamic State University in Lampung adheres to the principle of providing equal service by the law. Similarly, in everyday situations, niqab-wearing students were not subject to any discrimination based on their minority status. Although several lecturers and students perceived niqabi as a different occurrence, they do not discriminate against students who choose to wear niqab. Consequently, niqab-wearing students remained at ease while confidently adhering to the teachings of the sunnah on the niqab
Islamophobia in the Netherlands: The Adaptation Strategy of the Indonesian Muslim Diaspora in the Netherlands in Response to the Anti-Islam Issues
Full text linkThis research investigates how the Indonesian Muslim diaspora in the Netherlands strategically reduces or even prevents Islamophobia. The study employs a qualitative research methodology to collect primary data through in-depth interviews and direct observation, complemented by secondary data from both published and unpublished literature, including journals and books. The data was examined through descriptive analysis, which reveals that the adaptation strategies implemented by the Indonesian Muslim diaspora through existing religious organizations effectively mitigate the negative stigma associating Islam with violence and terrorism. The significance of this study lies in its examination of how these strategies influence broader perceptions of Islam in the Netherlands. Although the primary focus is on religious organizations, their involvement is crucial in addressing and countering social stigma. The research identifies several multi-path dimensions used to address and reduce stigma. This includes Track Two Diplomacy, involving non-state actors, and collaboration with the Indonesian Embassy, the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Indonesia, universities, the European Council for Fatwa & Research, and various Dutch communities. These efforts involve biannual conferences, seminars, and interfaith dialogues aimed at tackling Islamophobia and offering solutions. Furthermore, the diaspora participates in Track Seven Diplomacy by engaging religious communities to promote a peaceful vision of Islam Nusantara in partnership with the European Council for Fatwa & Research. The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers, which may influence parliamentary discussions
Gendered Pesantren in Contemporary Indonesia: Female Agency, Institution, and Everyday Lives
Full text linkIn patriarchal cultures and societies, the practice of women’s domestication is commonly embraced. As an educational institution, pesantren are inherently led by the kyai due to their exclusive leadership. Many scholarly studies often neglect the roles of their wives as counterparts or nyai in the pesantren. Even in a broader society, the contributions of nyai in the transformation of pesantren are frequently eclipsed by the roles of their husbands or male counterparts. Therefore, this study aims to comprehend the roles of nyai and how they deal with cultural barriers that are essential for their public participation inside and outside the pesantren. Through an anthropological approach, this study presents the life narratives of two nyais in contemporary Indonesia and demonstrates the significant roles of nyai in the pesantren. It also aims to portray the life experiences of nyais in dealing with cultural barriers and promoting gender awareness to their students (santri). It also explores the interpretation of the gender equality concept within Islamic terms amid the prevailing patriarchal cultures and societies. In addition, it also examines the reception and practices of santri regarding gender awareness and equality. Thus, this study further argues that nyai plays an essential role in promoting gender equality in the pesantren. Nyai’s life experiences and leadership serve as an important modality for the pesantren to transform the society towards just and justice
Jihad and Interpretation of Religious Texts on Female Terrorists in Indonesia
Full text linkThe involvement of women in terrorism circles has led to the emergence of a brand-new terrorist map of the terrorism fight in Indonesia, where women had previously played a private role solely. Their involvement in public spaces in terrorism circles is closely associated with patriarchal culture and transformation in the concept of hijrah and qital as a means of jihad. This paper aims to explore the three domains of women's attempts at terror as a series of struggles; it includes defining women's weaknesses and disadvantages by patriarchal circles, using media to encourage women's emotional enthusiasm in the circle of terror, and interpreting hijrah and qital as justification for jihad movement which becomes a spirit for women to commit terrors. The data in this study came from observations, interviews with two female terrorists, one terrorist advisor, and one ex-convict, as well as the discourse of terror-related web publications. This study reveals that male terrorists exploit patriarchal culture to establish religious authority in their organizations. In addition, virtual media is highly effective in spreading propaganda for women’s involvement in the struggle domain for two reasons. First, it broadcasted by providing fatwas on the women’s consent to fight based on historical background. Second, it propagated by offering new religious interpretations of the terms hijrah and qital as jihad media tailored to the terrorist organizations’ missions and goals
Pesantren Entrepreneurship: Harmonization of the Theories of Kasb Asy’ariyah and Locus of Control on Strengthening Santripreneur
Full text linkFrom the innovation among pesantrens, students need not only Islamic religious learning but also entrepreneurial skills. This research explores the entrepreneurship learning model that had been developed by Pondok Pesantren Riyadlul Jannah Pacet and Pondok Pesantren Sidogiri Pasuruan and examines the effectiveness of pesantren entrepreneurs. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. In order to obtain the data validity, the data triangulation method supported by documentation and observation was employed by conducting interviews with kyai, asatidz, santri, and graduate users. The research objects were Pondok Pesantren Riyadlul Jannah and Pondok Pesantren Sidogiri Pasuruan; both are pioneers in developing pesantren entrepreneurs in Indonesia. This study showed that pesantren entrepreneurs are able to equip and encourage students to get careers towards prosperity. By harmonizing the theories of Kasb Asy’ariyah and Locus of Control, the focus of this study was on students who were not only capable as mubaligh, but also as entrepreneurs, particularly if they continued their studies at pesantren
Islam and Nationalist Mobilization In Kazakhstan: Post-Soviet Cultural [Re]Framing and Identity [Re]Making
Full text linkThis article, embracing Laruelle’s observation that Kazakhstan “presents itself as a bridge linking the Western, Muslim, and Asian worlds” critically explores the intricate dynamics of cultural reframing and identity reconstruction amid post-Soviet nationalist mobilization. Kazakhstan’s steadfast commitment to projecting a ‘bridge image’ for strategic geopolitical advantages is evident through state-mechanized ‘nation branding’ strategies within a ‘soft-authoritarian’ secular political environment conducive to nationalist mobilization. The article methodologically investigates the role of Islam, often obscured in this context, through an analysis of “elite responses” reflecting the state’s stance on religion. The theoretical examination substantiated by thematic analysis of ethnographic data unveils that Islam, strategically instrumentalized for political objectives, exerts a profound influence on the “collective consciousness” of the local populace, predominantly composed of ethnic Kazakhs. This influence significantly contributes to the nuanced [re]construction of tradition, identity, and culture in post-Soviet Kazakhstan, thereby shedding light on the interconnectedness of state-driven narratives, political strategies, and the pivotal role played by Islam in shaping the cultural and identity landscape of the region
Navigating the Nexus: Government Policies in Cultivating Religious Moderation Within State Islamic Higher Education
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the implementation of religious moderation at the State Islamic Higher Education (PTKIN) in Indonesia through academic policies in the fields of education, research, and community service programs. It is based on the empirical examination of the spread of radical, extreme, and exclusive religious sects among higher education civitas academica in Indonesia. The research combines qualitative and quantitative approaches (mixed methods) simultaneously. Data sources were randomly obtained from leaders, lecturers, and students at PTKIN through interviews, observations, questionnaires, documentation, and focus group discussions. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data display, and data verification, as well as statistical analysis using the t-test with the SPSS 17.0 program. The results show that religious moderation has been promoted through academic policies in education, research, and community services, which aligns with Pancasila values as the Indonesian state philosophy. This finding is strengthened by the acquisition of a significant t-test < 0.05, which indicates that the academic policies provide crucial support for implementing religious moderation at PTKIN. Overall, this study confirms the idea that promoting religious moderation should be seen as a crucial shared agenda since it plays a pivotal role in determining the long-term viability of a country
Tracing the Dynamic Spectrum of Religious Moderation in the Local Custom of North Sumatera
Full text linkAs a miniature of Indonesia’s diversity, North Sumatra requires a long transformation within the framework of religious moderation to build harmony and maturity. This study aims to reveal the dynamic spectrum of religious moderation in the bubble of North Sumatra’s local wisdom. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method by involving six subjects who were selected through a purposive sampling technique. Subject criteria are natives of North Sumatra and have sufficient knowledge of religious moderation in the local custom of North Sumatra. In-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis were used to collect the required data. This study reveals a vast spectrum of diversity among the North Sumatrans. In the meantime, religious moderation is evidence of upholding religious ideals integrated with the local culture. Moreover, this research also shows how the people of North Sumatra from the following three regions, (1) Padangsidempuan and South Tapanuli, (2) Central Tapanuli and Sibolga City, and (3) Tarutung, practice the values of religious moderation in their daily activities. They performed this practice because of the desire to maintain unity in diversity and high aspirations to build a society that is peaceful, harmonious, and free from all conflicts
Gorontalo Tradition of Molobunga Yiliyala: Cultural and Islamic Law Perspectives
Full text linkThis study delves into the Gorontalo tradition of Molobunga Yiliyala, which pertains to the burial of the placenta, from both cultural and Islamic law perspectives. The cultural viewpoint is garnered through interviews with a customary leader, while the Islamic legal perspective is acquired through consultations with a religious figure. In addition to interviews, observations, and document analyses were employed as methodological tools. The research elucidates a symbiotic relationship between culture and religion, epitomized by the principal figures overseeing the Molobunga Yiliyala ritual: the Hulango (customary leader) and the Imamu or Hatibi (religious figure). Culturally, the Molobunga Yiliyala tradition is replete with profound symbolic meanings. This tradition is predicated on humanitarian considerations, as the Yiliyala (placenta) is recognized as a part of the human body deserving reverence. Consequently, it is ceremonially cleansed, shrouded, buried, and accompanied by post-burial prayers. Based on the perspective of maqâshid al-syari‘ah, the Molobunga Yiliyala ritual embodies an actionable manifestation of environmental cleanliness. The Molobunga Yiliyala is deemed sunnah or encouraged in alignment with Islamic jurisprudential principles. As a result, the tradition of Molobunga Yiliyala is categorized as a part of the ‘urf or customary practices within the epistemological paradigm of Islamic law. Each phase of the Molobunga Yiliyala ritual highlights the intricate acculturation of Islam with the indigenous Gorontalo culture