58622 research outputs found
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The Impact of Inter-Departmental Distance on Joint Sales in Retail Stores
Full text linkWe find that inter-departmental distance between two departments in a store can significantly impact joint (combined) sales of that pair. Using data from blueprints and sales across 64 stores for 52 weeks, along with an experimental study to test our theorizing, we find a curvilinear (inverted U-shaped) relationship between inter-departmental distance and joint sales. Specifically, close departments are perceived to be substitutes, decreasing the likelihood of buying products from both departments. As distance increases, departments are perceived as somewhat related but different, increasing their diversity and the likelihood of buying from both departments. As distance between departments becomes large and products are seen as unrelated, the likelihood of buying from both departments decreases. This relationship is moderated when departments have non-identical layouts and when there are larger variety differentials across departments. Accordingly, we determine an optimal store layout using BARON solver by maximizing total store revenue. Our results suggest an increase in weekly revenue of about 4.08% for supermarkets (range of -.67% to 9.50%) and 3.20% for hypermarkets (range of .82% to 8.5%). While strategic locations of departments can help retailers increase overall sales, prior empirical work has not studied the impact of distance between departments at the store level
Dataset for Threshold screw insertion torque for carbon fibre-reinforced polyetheretherketone and titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) locking plate constructs
No full textDescription of the data file This dataset contains the raw and processed mechanical testing data generated for the study investigating the influence of insertion torque on the performance of locking screw constructs in carbon-fibre reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFR-PEEK) and titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) plates. The data include results from single-screw and two-screw constructs tested across predefined insertion torque levels (0.5–3.0 Nm). Mechanical outcomes were assessed using axial push-out testing and cantilever bending testing. For single-screw constructs, additional video-based measurements of screw rotation during insertion are provided to quantify the relationship between applied torque and angular displacement. Each entry records plate material, construct configuration (single- or two-screw), insertion torque, test modality (push-out or cantilever bending), and the corresponding mechanical performance metrics. Statistical groupings used in the analyses reported in the manuscript are identifiable within the dataset. The dataset is provided in tabulated format and is sufficient to reproduce all analyses and figures presented in the associated manuscript, as well as to enable secondary analysis of torque–performance relationships in locking plate constructs
Supporting Complex Educational Transformation in the Fourth Industrial Revolution: A Digital Literacy PBL Case Study
Full text linkThis research investigated educators undergoing simultaneous changes to their disciplinary and pedagogical knowledge to explore supports for teachers undergoing complex transformations to education. This topic is relevant within the context of increasingly rapid educational change. The research fills a gap in the literature in providing detailed accounts of the transformation process, particularly within the context of mainland China. The primary objective was to investigate a job-embedded teacher training in which teachers used action research for the design, implementation and evaluation of a project-based digital literacy programme. The participating teachers did not have previous training in digital literacy and did not typically teach using a project-based approach. The research used a case study methodology. Data sources included researcher field notes, artefact analysis and post-programme semi-structured interviews. Analysis indicated that the teachers’ use of a modified action-research protocol with job-embedded training provided effective support in applying new pedagogical and content knowledge as well as team management and collaborative processes. Implementation of the target programme for students still faced constraints from systemic pressures, such as conflicting assessment and leadership priorities. The research findings offer insight into practical considerations when helping teachers transition from traditional pedagogy to Project-Based Learning (PBL) or from teaching traditional literacy to digital literacy. The research also generated theoretical implications such as the need for educational leaders to plan tailored support for complex teaching and technological innovations. For this purpose, the Training Support for Educational Transformation (TSET) action-research model is proposed
Multiplicities of Time in Management and Organizational Research
Full text linkThis paper explores the multiplicity of time in organizational life through the lens of life-history interviews with business elites, conducted as part of a longitudinal Bourdieusian study of power dynamics within French and British business systems. Drawing on Braudel’s concept of the dialectic between the longue durée and l’histoire événementielle, we examine how the professional trajectories of three senior executives - a global asset management CEO, a multinational media CEO, and an energy sector managing director - reveal the interplay between sustained patience and transformative critical incidents. The findings highlight how temporal multiplicity shapes managerial agency and decision-making, demonstrating that organizational lives unfold in rhythms punctuated by pivotal moments requiring reflexive action. In emphasizing the value of patience amid turbulent conditions, we contribute to temporal theorizing in organizational studies by illuminating how historical reflexivity and temporal plurality inform leadership practices and organizational trajectories. This reflection enriches understanding of temporal dynamics that shape contemporary managerial realities
Quantile-adaptive probabilistic forecast combining
Full text linkCombining forecasts of cumulative probability distributions (CDFs) allows aggregation of the available information to improve accuracy. The linear opinion pool is commonly used, but it can yield overdispersed distributional forecasts. An alternative, leading to lower dispersion, is to average the quantiles of the CDF, which can be viewed as horizontal CDF averaging, with the averaging of probabilities in the linear opinion pool viewed as vertical averaging. Empirical results show that horizontal and vertical averaging can each be preferable for different parts of the CDF. For example, one method might be better for tail quantiles, while the other is better for central quantiles. To address this, we develop a method that transitions between vertical and horizontal averaging across the CDF. It relates to angular averaging, which is a recent proposal that performs aggregation along lines at an angle. Our new method averages along lines with slopes that smoothly transition across the CDF. The method is quantile-adaptive in the sense that the slopes of the lines vary across the quantiles, or equivalently, across the probabilities. We set the lines to emanate from a small number of fixed points, which are the parameters of the method. Viewing the lines as rays, we term the method radial averaging. Our theoretical results show that the method has the versatility to generate CDF forecasts that are sharper than horizontal averaging, and less sharp than vertical averaging. Our empirical results provide support for the new approach
A comprehensive comparison of dynamic strain localisation and mechanical behaviour in traditional and additively manufactured Ti6Al4V
Full text linkTitanium alloys are widely used in aerospace, defence, automotive, and biomedical engineering owing to their high specific strength and excellent corrosion resistance. Additive manufacturing has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional production methods, offering the capability to fabricate complex geometries while reducing processing time and material waste. In this study, the high strain rate deformation behaviour of Ti6Al4V produced by selective laser melting is investigated using a Split Hopkinson Tension Bar system equipped with a multi-camera high-speed imaging setup. A comprehensive experimental programme is conducted on specimens manufactured in three different build orientations to assess the influence of processing direction on dynamic strain localisation and true stress–strain response. The post-necking behaviour is examined and compared with that of conventionally forged Ti6Al4V, revealing notable differences in ductility and strain localisation mechanisms. In addition, the high strain rate compressive behaviour of both material variants and their temperature dependence are investigated using a Split Hopkinson Compression Bar system equipped with thermal conditioning. The deformation and failure mechanisms of additively manufactured specimens produced in different orientations are further examined through post-mortem analysis of the fracture surfaces
Do Candidates' Policy Positions Matter in Regional Elections?:Evidence from the 2021 Elections to the Welsh Senedd
Full text linkAn oft-cited benefit of candidate-based elections is that voters can hold individual candidates accountable for their issue stances. However, voters may not always be aware of candidates’ policy positions, a concern which becomes especially salient in regional elections. Using mass online survey data and a fixed effects approach, we investigate the extent to which voters were influenced by the policy positions of individual candidates when voting in the 2021 elections to the Welsh Senedd. We find that candidates’ policy positions did matter, but that this effect was small, limited to issues voters deemed to be particularly important, and only emerges among voters with high political interest. That said, our findings also suggest that the influence of candidates’ policy positions on voting behaviour was not substantially smaller when compared to national elections in the UK and elsewhere. We discuss options for improving voter responsiveness to candidates’ issue stances
Dataset for Nonlinear viscoelastic models improve characterisation of 6 DOF intervertebral disc load response at low strain rates
No full textThe data presented in this file comprises the 6 DOF position control data from tests performed on 6 porcine lumbar isolated spinal disc specimens using a triangular displacement waveform at a frequency of 0.1Hz. Data is presented relative to the centre of the intervertebral disc. The final three cycles are presented here. For each of the six specimens and for each of the six axes, data is provided for the applied displacement and each of the 6 resulting loads (forces and moments). The principal elements (highlighted in the tables) occur when the direction of applied displacement and measured load are the same - for example, axial torsion displacement (RZ) and torsional load (MZ). The data has been filtered to remove unwanted noise but no other pre-processing steps have been performed on this data - for example, cycle averaging and offsetting the central point to the origin
Does Agglomeration Enhance Property Value?
Full text linkDoes agglomeration within a building and/or neighborhood enhance or weaken property value? The valuation impact is unclear ex-ante, given that agglomeration trades-off enhanced productivity at the expense of a more concentrated tenant base. We find that a value premium exists only when agglomeration at both the building and neighborhood levels consists of firms in the same industry. This premium represents capitalized knowledge spillover externalities. Additionally, we show the stock market rewards REITs that transact specialized buildings. The valuation consequences arising from agglomeration in the underlying real estate market are thus consistent with the public real estate market
Thermal performance profiling of phase change materials integrated building envelopes through simulation-data envelopment analysis approach
Full text linkPhase change materials (PCM) regulate the heat flow between the ambient and the indoor spaces by their latent capacitance. Performance assessment of PCM integrated wall systems are often based on the gross energy demand reduction or reduction in heat gain over the year. However, the efficacy of PCM integrated wall systems is also driven by the effective utilization of the maximum latent thermal energy storage capacity. This paper presents a framework for thermal performance profiling of PCM-integrated envelopes using a relative performance metric termed thermal calibre. Data Envelopment Analysis technique is used for determining the thermal calibre, where minimizing the heat gains & inside surface temperature of the envelope and maximizing the utilization of the latent heat capacity of PCM are the objective functions. The approach is demonstrated by considering 190 PCM-integrated building envelopes applied to a residential building in a hot-dry climatic region. The thermal calibre of the envelopes vary from 0.62 to 1. Thermal calibre effectively captures the impact of thermo-physical property, location of PCM in the envelope, variations in thermal boundary conditions, seasonal and diurnal variations. The thermal calibre of envelopes increases with an increase in thickness of internal PCM layers. In contrast, the thickness of external PCM layers does not significantly affect their thermal calibre. This approach reveals the efficacy of the wall system over time of the year and presents an opportunity to solicit season-optimal performance. This method can be used as a post-hoc assessment to building simulations and pareto optimization facilitating informed decision making in the material selection process.</p
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