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Biomarkers and prognostic tools in the surgical management of colorectal liver metastases
No full textImmune response of the urinary tract – bacterial infections and alpha1-oleate treatment of bladder cancer
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A framework for assessing the contribution of alternative food initiatives to food system transformations towards sustainability
No full textAlternative food initiatives are vital for transforming food systems towards sustainability by challenging, replacing, and complementing the status quo. Understanding how these initiatives contribute to transformation requires attention not only to their intended outcomes but also to the processes through which these outcomes contribute to broader social change. Existing assessment frameworks rarely consider this intersection. To address this gap, we developed a framework that links outcomes of alternative food initiatives to the processes through which they contribute to transformations, drawing on alternative food literature and prefigurative theorising. We then applied the framework to two alternative food initiatives and found we were able to (1) identify multiple processes through which their outcomes lead to transformation, and thereby (2) develop a better understanding of how different initiatives approach their contributions to transformations differently. This could enhance evidence gathering, assessment, and communication of their benefits, which could be used by change agents to increase public support, advocate for policy change, and access resources. Furthermore, recognising the differences and complementarities among initiatives could also improve the strategic capacity of alternative food movements by fostering appreciation of diverse change-making practices. By providing a tool for assessing the link between outcomes of alternative food initiatives and the processes through which they contribute to transformations, the framework can support researchers and practitioners to foster more coherent and effective transformative action in the food system
Correlation between acetabular index at 3 and 12 months of age : a longitudinal radiographic study of 228 neonates treated for 6 or 12 weeks with the von Rosen splint for developmental dysplasia of the hip
No full textBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) affects around 1.5% of newborns in Sweden with few late detected cases (0.12 per 10,000). The most common treatment for DDH in Sweden is with the von Rosen splint, with radiographs at 3 and 12 months of age. Little is known about the remodeling of acetabular dysplasia following treatment initiated in the neonatal period. We aimed to examine the correlation between the acetabular index (AI) at 3 and 12 months.METHODS: We included 228 patients with early detected DDH with dislocatable hips (Barlow) and dislocated hips (Ortolani), treated with the von Rosen splint at Skåne University Hospital 2003-2019. The treatment length was 6 weeks for 96 children and 12 weeks for 132 children. We calculated the correlation between AI at 3 and 12 months using Pearson correlation (r) and the mean difference, both with 95% confidence intervals (CI).RESULTS: The correlation between AI at 3 and 12 months was moderate, r = 0.43 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.35-0.50), with changes in AI that differed widely. The mean AI was 23.9° (CI 23.5-24.3) at 3 months and 24.9° (CI 24.6-25.3) at 12 months with a difference of 1.0° (CI 0.6-1.3).CONCLUSION: The correlation between AI at 3 and 12 months was moderate, with non-clinical difference for both 6 and 12 weeks of treatment. The small increase in mean AI was most likely explained by a low AI at 3 months after 12 weeks of treatment
Five minutes more or less : Understanding the travel time experience in public transport
No full textThis study examines how public transport passengers experience and use travel time and under what conditions they are particularly concerned about shorter travel time. Using a survey of Swedish public transport users and a follow-up focus group, we compare current patterns with a similar 2009 study. Findings indicate a slight decline in perceived value of travel time, coinciding with a marked reduction in working and studying during travel and a rise in passive and entertainment-oriented activities, likely linked to the substantially expanded availability of digital content. While our results confirm the findings of previous studies regarding the role of meaningful activities in shaping perceptions of travel time, they also suggest that the digital revolution has not amplified this effect as much as anticipated. Furthermore, regression analyses show that concern for shorter travel time peaks at moderate durations (30–45 min) and varies by age, public transport experience, and travel conditions. However, despite incorporating numerous explanatory variables, the explanatory power of the model remained modest, suggesting that these preferences are influenced by factors that are challenging to operationalise quantitatively. Our qualitative findings support this interpretation, indicating that attitudes toward travel time savings were often tied to perceived speed and journey smoothness rather than the actual time saved
Language Production and Deception: Explorative experimental studies on deception as a constraint during spoken and written narratives
No full textResearch on deception cues in writing has focused on the products of writing rather than theprocess, ignoring the rich data that lies behind the finished texts. Written process data offera unique window into the cognitive processes involved in language production alongsidespoken process data. The aim of this dissertation is to examine the the effect of deceptionon real-time language production processes of narratives in speaking and writing from a psycholinguisticperspective. The dissertation takes these research questions as its starting point:How can altered processing demands be operationalised in both speaking and writing?; Howdoes deception affect language production processes?; Does deception affect language productionprocesses differently in speaking and writing? If so, how?; and How are the speaking andwriting production processes involved in truthful and deceptive narration affected by repeatedretellings over time?The results revealed that deception does have an observable effect on these processes, butthe effect is not uniform across modalities and repeated retellings. On a global level, speakerstend to suppress presumed cues of deception, such as verbal and non-verbal disfluencies, but ona local level during the production of the altered part of a narrative, the cues seem to increase.In writing, on a global level, indications of altered processing demands in deception decreasewith repeated recall, but again, when examining the production of the actual events that arealtered, signs of altered processing persists over time. This shows that speakers and writersare able to allocate their processing resources on a global level when producing a narrative,but on the local level, altered processing demands may become evident in process data. Inconclusion, this dissertation shows promise for the use of process data in both speaking andwriting to understand how communicative intent and repetition shapes language productionprocesses over time
Environmentally sustainable diets and human health - Nutritional adequacy, disease risk, and mortality
No full textIntroduction: Food systems strongly influence both human and planetary health. Unhealthy diets aremajor risk factors for chronic disease and mortality, while food production contributes substantially togreenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), and other negative environmental impacts. Adopting moresustainable dietary patterns, such as the EAT-Lancet diet, has been proposed as part of the solution, butuncertainties remain regarding their long-term health effects, nutri-tional adequacy, and optimal methodsfor assessment.Aim: The aim of this thesis was to examine associations between environmentally sustainable diets,nutritional adequacy, and major health outcomes, with a focus on mortality, cardiovascular disease,diabetes, and micronutrient intake and status.Methods: The analyses were mainly based on the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study, including about 26,000adults followed for up to 30 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated diet history methodcombining a 7-day food diary, questionnaire, and interview. Health outcomes were retrieved from nationalregisters. Nutrient adequacy was evaluated using both dietary data and blood biomarkers. Life cycleassessment (LCA) was used to estimate dietary GHGE, and adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet wasassessed using dietary scores.Results: Higher adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was associated with lower risks of mortality, reducedstroke risk, and lower GHGE. Lower dietary GHGE were most consistently associated with decreasedrisk of diabetes, while associations with mortality were weaker and partly non-linear. Diets with lowerenvironmental impact were generally compatible with adequate micronutrient intake and status and weresometimes linked to nutritional benefits, such as a reduced risk of folate deficiency, though a slightlyhigher risk of anaemia was observed.Conclusion: Environmentally sustainable diets can promote health, reduce mor-tality, and do notsubstantially increase the risk of micronutrient deficiencies. These findings underscore the co-benefits ofaligning nutrition and climate poli-cies and support the integration of sustainability into dietary guidelines
”Stäng Irans ambassad i Stockholm”
No full textThis op-ed urges the Swedish government and the EU to stand decisively with the Iranian people amid nationwide protests driven by economic collapse and decades of repression. The authors argue that the movement reflects a unified demand for the overthrow of the Islamic Republic and growing support for Crown Prince Reza Pahlavi as a legitimate, unifying voice for a democratic transition toward a secular Iran. The article calls for concrete measures, including closing Iran’s embassy in Stockholm, expelling regime diplomats, expanding sanctions across the regime’s leadership, designating the IRGC as a terrorist organisation in the EU, and supporting secure internet access for Iranians
