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Scholarly Embarrassment : On the Problems and Limitations of Feminist Scholars’ Search for Art’s Political Utility
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Simulated warmer winter reduces the effectiveness of insecticides in oilseed rape, but has little effect on pollinator activity
No full textClimate change may affect the yield of mass-flowering crops by altering the interplay between pest pressure and service delivery by pollinators, but realistic predictions need to account for the frequent use of insecticides in conventional farming. We tested the interactive effects of insecticide use and warmer winter conditions on oilseed rape (Brassica napus) production, pest pressure, and the activity of Bombus terrestris, an important bumblebee pollinator. We evaluated the effects of three different insecticides at two different concentrations. We found that winter warming reduced the effectiveness of two insecticides against pollen beetles in comparison to the control (no insecticides), likely due to the dilution of insecticides on plants with increased plant size. Additionally, plots treated with reduced concentrations of insecticides generally had similar levels of pollen beetles as those with standard concentrations. There were no interactive effects of insecticide application and winter warming on pollinator activity or oilseed rape yield. However, yield quality was negatively affected by winter warming. Under current winter conditions, reduced insecticide applications may provide pest control comparable to standard applications and could therefore serve as an integrated pest management strategy. Under future winter conditions, such strategies will likely need to consider the effects of climate change on plant development, because the overall effectiveness of insecticide treatment against pests could decrease
Routledge International Handbook of Research Security
No full textThe Routledge International Handbook of Research Security examines research security – the act of protecting and securing university research and teaching in the name of national security – through a multi-disciplinary and comparative lens
Navigating Affective Locations : Locations, Emotional Economies and Layers of Legitimisation in the Production of the Danish Feature Film Kalak in Greenland
No full textThis chapter explores the production of Kalak (2023), emphasising the significance of locations, historical contexts and emotional economies in filmmaking in a Danish-Greenlandic context. This production navigates narrative and practical challenges through three layers of legitimisation. First, centring the narrative on a Danish character allows both Danish and Greenlandic filmmakers to engage with the project. Second, involving Greenlandic filmmakers ensures access, connection, and knowledge. Third, shooting in actual Greenlandic locations adds legitimacy both narratively and practically. However, the chapter underlines how on-location work in two Greenlandic locations—Nuuk and Kulusuk—triggers specific emotions within local communities, reflecting the affective economy in Greenlandic-Danish encounters. Here, scepticism arises from past negative representations, but proactive dialogue alleviates concerns, leading to more local acceptance. This experience underscores the implications of hypermediatisation, where historical media representations influence present-day interactions as well as creative development and the increasing demandneed for legitimisation. By integrating location studies with affect theory, the chapter highlights the importance of addressing emotional and historical factors in both academic analyses and production contextssiderations
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography in Prediction of First Coronary Events
No full textIMPORTANCE Risk stratification strategies in primary prevention of coronary events lack precision. OBJECTIVE To determine whether prediction of first coronary events is improved by adding information on coronary atherosclerosis from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to a model using the pooled cohort equation (PCE) risk score tool and the coronary artery calcification score (CACS). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Observational cohort study including individuals aged 50 to 64 years randomly recruited from the general population and examined at 6 university hospitals in Sweden from 2013 to 2018, with a median follow-up of 7.8 years. A sample of 30 154 individuals underwent cardiopulmonary imaging, physical examinations, routine laboratory tests, questionnaires, and/or functional tests. This study included 24 791 individuals without previous cardiovascular disease for whom high-quality CCTA images were available. Events were followed up via registers until September 2024. EXPOSURES The information used from the CCTA images was the extent of coronary atherosclerosis (segment involvement score), presence of noncalcified atherosclerosis, and presence of coronary obstructive disease (stenosis ≥50%). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The outcome was a composite of first occurrence of nonfatal myocardial infarction or death from coronary heart disease. RESULTS During follow-up, 304 coronary events occurred. Segment involvement scores of 3 to 4 and greater than 4 and presence of noncalcified atherosclerosis were associated with hazard ratios of 2.71 (95% CI, 1.34-5.44), 5.27 (95% CI, 2.50-11.07), and 1.66 (95% CI, 1.23-2.22), respectively. In a model based on the PCE and CACS, CCTA-derived data improved risk discrimination (C statistic improved from 0.764 to 0.779; P = .004) and risk reclassification (net reclassification improvement of 0.133 [95% CI, 0.031-0.165]), conferred a net correct upward reclassification of 14.2% in those with events and incorrectly classified 1.6% of participants not experiencing an event into a higher-risk category. Because of the low event rate in the cohort, reclassification mainly occurred in the group classified as at low risk (<5%) according to the PCE. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Information on coronary atherosclerosis from CCTA modestly improved risk prediction beyond traditional risk factors and CACS in identifying individuals at risk of coronary events and in need of primary prevention
Ground deformation and groundwater dynamics : the role of interferometric synthetic aperture radar analysis in confined aquifer systems
No full textPopulation growth and climate change have accelerated groundwater depletion globally. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a fairly new satellite remote sensing technique based on SAR images that offers a high-accuracy monitoring system of land surface motion driven by groundwater level changes in time and space that can never be achieved with point-in-situ measurements. In productive aquifers, over-pumping of groundwater results in the compaction of fine-grained material, seen as subsidence on the ground that can be measured via the InSAR technique. This technique has been frequently used to evaluate the condition of aquifers, particularly in arid and semiarid areas, in the last decade. This chapter aims to provide an overview of the studies carried out on this issue and explores the application of InSAR to tease out the connection between land subsidence caused by groundwater depletion and measured heads in multilayer aquifer systems. It investigates existing InSAR studies examining the relationship between groundwater levels and ground deformation in various aquifer systems, focusing on the critical role of confined aquifers. The chapter also details the InSAR techniques employed, highlighting challenges and advancements in data processing and analysis. Two case studies, that is, Houston, Texas, and Mashhad, Iran, are presented to illustrate how InSAR data, combined with groundwater head measurements, can help characterize aquifer properties and inform sustainable groundwater management strategies. Finally, the importance of accurate aquifer characterization for effective subsidence modeling and mitigation is emphasized
