263134 research outputs found
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Self-Supervised Learning of Graph Neural Networks for Precoding in 1-bit Quantized Large Array Systems
No full textsponsorship: Partially funded by 6GTandem, supported by SNS JU of the EU's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement 101096302). (SNS JU of the EU's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme|101096302)status: Published onlin
Recommended approaches to sharing individual research results in Alzheimer's disease research: A multidisciplinary expert Delphi consensus
No full textBackgroundAs criteria for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease related dementias (AD/ADRD) evolves, AD-related biological measures of biomarkers (e.g., amyloid, tau) and genetic status (e.g., APOE) have gained heightened value in research, and, notably, increased personal significance for participants.ObjectiveTo identify recommended approaches for sharing individual research results with participants in AD/ADRD research and determine expert consensus on best practices for sharing individual research results to participants in AD/ADRD research.MethodsThis online, modified Delphi study consisted of four rounds of surveys conducted with Alzheimer's disease research experts, including neurologists, ethicists, neuropsychologists, geneticists, clinical trialists, and other research stakeholders. The Delphi survey was informed by a targeted literature review of previously published recommendations on sharing individual research results in AD/ADRD research. A total of 81 experts were surveyed across all rounds, ranking statements on a 7-point Likert scale and providing feedback in short answer responses. After each round, feedback reports were shared to inform subsequent responses. Proportion of agreement and qualitative feedback were analyzed, with consensus defined as 75% or greater agreement.Results41 initial statements were evaluated and refined based on consensus and feedback. Concluding the final round (round 3), consensus (≥75% agreement) was achieved on 25 statements, resulting in a set of recommendations related to: study design, clinical relevance, results sharing processes, communication and understanding of results, counseling and support, and follow-up.ConclusionsThe findings of this online, modified Delphi study provide a foundation for developing standardized, ethically grounded practices for returning individual research results in Alzheimer's disease studies.sponsorship: The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by the Alzheimer's Association Research Grant AARG-22-974462. This work was also supported, in part, by the Cleveland Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (CADRC), Award Numbers P30AG072959, via the National Institute of Aging (NIA) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). (Alzheimer's Association Research|AARG-22-974462, Cleveland Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (CADRC) ia the National Institute of Aging (NIA) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)|P30AG072959)status: Publishe
Gait speed and incident depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textOBJECTIVE: To systematically review and meta-analyze the association between gait speed and incident depression from published prospective studies in adults. METHODS: PRISMA 2020-compliant systematic review (PubMed/Embase/Web of Science/PsycINFO, up to 09/05/2025) for cohort studies investigating the associations between gait speed and incident depression. Data on odds ratios (OR) and hazard ratios (HR) were analyzed in meta-analyses separately. The New-Casttle Ottawa Scale was used to assess within study risk of bias. Meta-regression analyses were planned. RESULTS: From 13.293 records screened, ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. Six studies (n = 13,313; mean age 71.3 years) reporting ORs showed that slower gait speed was associated with an increased risk of incident depression (OR = 1.30, 95 % CI = 1.03-1.66). Four studies (n = 90,729; mean age 71.6 years) reporting HRs corroborated this finding (HR = 1.17, 95 % CI = 1.08-1.28). Meta-regressions revealed no significant moderation by sex, age, follow-up duration, or person-years. All studies exhibited low risk of bias. CONCLUSION: Slower gait speed is significantly associated with an elevated risk of incident depression in adults, independent of sex, age, follow-up duration, or exposure time. These findings position gait speed as a potential non-invasive biomarker for identifying individuals at risk of depression. Further studies are needed to integrate speed gait in depression prediction models.sponsorship: This work was carried out with the support of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel-Brazil (CAPES) -Financing Code 001 and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development-Brazil (CNPq) -Financing Code 314105/2023-9. (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel-Brazil (CAPES)|001, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development-Brazil (CNPq)|314105/2023-9)status: Accepte
Arbitrary residual finiteness and conjugacy separability growth
No full textsponsorship: The author kindly acknowledges the support by the Group of Science Engineering and Technology at KU Leuven Campus Kulak. (Group of Science Engineering and Technology at KU Leuven Campus Kulak)status: Accepte
Depermissioning Web3: a Permissionless Accountable RPC Protocol for Blockchain Networks
No full textstatus: Published onlin
Soil quality under coca cultivation: Evidence from Peru's largest coca-growing region challenges degradation narratives and maintains alternative crop opportunities
No full textsponsorship: This work was supported by Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Grant 11K1724N). (Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|11K1724N)status: Publishe
Tensor decompositions for signal processing: Theory, advances, and applications
No full textIn the era of big data, rapid advancements in technology and data collection methods have led to the generation and accessibility of vast amounts of multi-modal, high-dimensional data across a diverse range of disciplines. Tensor methods have emerged as essential tools in signal processing, providing powerful frameworks to model and analyze such complex data effectively. This survey offers a comprehensive overview of tensor factorization techniques and their applications in key areas. We explore their role in remote sensing, focusing on tensor-based methods for analyzing hyperspectral and multispectral images, tackling challenges such as recovering super-resolution images and addressing spectral unmixing. In wireless communication, we examine tensor methods used for signal modulation in unsourced massive random access communication, which achieve strong performance in multi-antenna channel and signal modeling. We also discuss tensor applications in network compression, where they reduce the computational demands of deep neural networks, making them more feasible for edge devices. Additionally, we highlight the use of tensor methods in high-dimensional missing data completion problems, showcasing their versatility across various domains. Furthermore, we explore applications in image analysis and computer vision, where tensors are effectively utilized for motion and object tracking, 3D modeling, analysis of satellite imaging, and medical imaging. By bridging theoretical advancements with practical applications, this survey aims to guide researchers in leveraging tensor methods to tackle emerging challenges in signal processing.sponsorship: This work was partially supported by the Flemish Government’s AI Research Program and KU Leuven Internal Funds (iBOF/23/064, C14/22/096, IDN/19/014). Lieven De Lathauwer and Shakir Showkat Sofi are affiliated with Leuven.AI - KU Leuven Institute for AI, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium|(iBOF/23/064, C14/22/096, IDN/19/014)status: Published onlin
On the robustness of topological interface modes on rod phononic crystals
No full textTopological interface modes in elastic one-dimensional phononic crystals emerge when crystals with different topological characteristics are connected. These modes enable efficient vibration localization and waveguiding, with applications in vibration energy harvesting, wave sensing, and vibration isolation. The term ’topological’ refers to the mathematical theory used to classify crystals into groups based on topological invariants. A topological mode arising at the interface of two crystals with different topological invariants is considered robust against defects and variability, provided the variability does not alter the topological invariants. However, statistical experimental validation of this robustness in engineering applications remains scarce. The variability introduced by the manufacturing process must be considered in designs intended for large-scale applications. In this study, a finite phononic structure exhibiting two interface topological modes at relatively low frequencies is designed. The structure consists of a nylon host with bolt sets acting as lumped masses at low frequencies. We analyze how the natural frequencies of the topological modes, their kinetic energy distribution along the phononic structure, and energy concentration at the interface change under different types and levels of variability. The results indicate that, for the same phononic structure and variability level, higher-frequency topological interface modes are less robust than lower-frequency ones. Additionally, both simulations and experiments show that increased variability in the bolt set masses alters the deterministic behavior of the topological phononic structures. When variability reaches levels that modify the topological invariant near the original interface location, the topological nature of the modes can be lost. Thus, although topological modes are theoretically robust against defects and variability, numerical simulations and experiments are necessary to verify whether topological behavior is preserved under different spatial variability levels and manufacturing defects.sponsorship: The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Sao Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil (FAPESP) through processes number 2020/15328-5, 2019/00315-8, and 2018/15894-0, and the Brazilian National Council of Research (CNPq) (Grant Agreement ID: 305293/2021-4) . (Sao Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil (FAPESP)|2020/15328-5, Sao Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil (FAPESP)|2019/00315-8, Sao Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil (FAPESP)|2018/15894-0, Brazilian National Council of Research (CNPq)|305293/2021-4)status: Publishe
Privacy Technologieën Efficiënter Maken
No full textThe thesis will focus on improving the efficiency of FHE and ZKP protocols. More specifically, the student will research how to make protocols suitable for more divers applications, and improving the overall speed and cost of the algorithms.status: Publishe