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SIFAT KIMIA TANAH DAN POPULASI KUMBANG TANDUK (Oryctes rhinoceros L.) STADIA PRADEWASA PADA BERBAGAI KEDALAMAN PENEMPATAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT
Get PDFOil palm is a very significant industrial plant in producing vegetable oils that require high levels of nutrients in its cultivation. Cultivation of oil palm yield can produce industrial waste, the oil palm empty trunks (TKKS) which have the potential to supply nutrients to oil palm land. The placement of empty trunks at various depths is expected can give effect to the population of Oryctes rhinoceros L pre-adult stage and chemical soil properties. This research was conducted on oil palm plantation in PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V Sei Galuh Tapung, Kampar, Riau from July to October 2017. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of empty trunks placement against the Oryctes rhinoceros L population development and chemical soil properties. This research was done using a randomized experiment design complete with the treatment of the depth empty trunks placement (placement of oil palm empty trunks on the ground at the depth of 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm) which is repeated four times. The observed parameters include the population of infestation of Oryctes rhinoceros L (population of eggs, larvae and pupae) and soil chemical properties (soil pH, C-organic, N-total, P-total and K-total). The results showed that empty trunks placed below the surface at various depths affected the Oryctes rhinoceros L population. Placement of TKKS depth in the soil cannot be infested by Oryctes rhinoceros L. Placement of empty trunks at the depth of the soil tends to increase pH (from very acidic categories to acidic categories) and total K (from the low category to very high category), is not effected on C-organic and N-total and can reduce P-total (from the very high category to the high category) if compared to the placement of empty trunks on the ground.Key words : Chemical Soil properties, Oryctes rhinoceros L., Oil palm Empty trunks, Soil dept
APLIKASI LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN METODA BIOPORI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS JACQ.) BELUM MENGHASILKAN
Get PDFThe wider the area of oil palm plantations in Indonesia, the more palm oil mills will process more oil palm fruit bunches and produce waste one of them is liquid waste. The amount of liquid waste that is more and more if not treated properly will cause environmental pollution. The research aim to study the effect of liquid waste of oil palm factory (LWOPF) with biopori method to the growth of immature oil palm plant. The experiment was conducted in oil palm plantation of Agricultural Faculty of Riau University from May to July 2017. The experiment was arrange drandomized complete design consisting of 13 treatments (without LWOPF; 5; 7.5 and 10 liters LWOPFeachapplied in 1, 2, 3 and 4 biopore/plants), each repeated three times.The parameters observed were plant height, number of midrib, length of midrib, number of leaves, width and length of leaves. The results showed that the application ofLWOPF dose 7.5 liters applied in 4 biopore holes / plants increased addition the number of midrib and the leaves, the width and length of the leaves compared to without LWOPF and the highest than another treatment, but the addition of plant high increased at doses 7.5 liters in 3 biopore/plant and highest than another treatment.Key words : Liquid Wastes of Oil Palm Factory, Biopore Holes, Oil Palm Plant
APLIKASI KOMPOS TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN PUPUK NPKMg TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA TANAH ULTISOL DAN KADAR HARA DAUN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)
Get PDFLow productivity of oil palm in Ultisol need to resolve by utilizing appropriate input and efficient soil management. Utilization of  organic waste materials such as oil palm empty bunches (OPEB) is one of way for that. This research was conducted in Kuantan Singingi, Riau from September 2017 to February 2018. The aim of this research is to having dose of OPEB compost and NPKMg fertilizer that can optimize the value of soil chemical characters and nutrient content in leaves. The study determined the effect of composite oil palm empty bunches with cow manure (2:1(w/w)) and NPKMg (13:6:27:4) fertilizer. The study used a completely randomized design consisting of 6 levels :{(2,25 kg NPKMg), (10 kg OPEB compost + 1,75 kg NPKMg), (20 kg OPEBcompost + 1,5 kg NPKMg), (30 kg OPEBcompost+ 1,25 kg NPKMg), (40 kg OPEBcompost + 1,00 kg NPKMg), (50 kg OPEB compost) per tree}, each treatment was repeated 3 times. Parameters measured include soil chemical characters and nutrient content in leaves. The results of study showed, aplication 50 kg per tree TKKS compost was able to increase soil pH. Aplications (2.25 kg NPKMg, 50 kg TKKS compost, 20 kg compost TKKS + 1.50 kg NPKMg and 30 kg compost TKKS + 1.25 kg NPKMg) per tree can increase base saturation. Each treatment application for fertilization has been tested, given the same effect in all soil chemical characters tested beside pH and KB, and same effect in all leaf nutrient contents tested beside Zn.Key words : Palm Oil, Compost, OilPalmEmptyBunches, NPKM
APLIKASI RHIZOBAKTERI PEMACU TUMBUH (RPT) DARI AKAR TITONIA (Tithonia diversifolia) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN STEK MELATI (Jasminum officinale) PADA ULTISOL
Get PDFJasmine plant is a horticultural crop that has promising prospect to be developed in trading. The development of jasmine cultivation is determined by the quality of seedling that can be produced rapidly for planting in the field. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of application of Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from titonia root (Tithonia diversifolia) in increasing the growth of jasmine cuttings (Jasminum officinale). This experiment used Completely Randomized Design (RAL) which consists of 7 treatments with 5 replications. The treatments were: A (control), B (Growtone), C (Growtone + 1 ml PGPR), D (Growtone + 2 ml PGPR), E (Growtone + 4 ml PGPR) , F (Growtone + 6 ml PGPR) and G (Growtone + 8 ml PGPR). Data obtained were analyzed statistically with F test at 5% level. The results showed that the application of PGPR can increase the growth of jasmine cuttings. However, the increase in PGPR dose did not have a significant effect on the increase of leaf number, branch number and height of jasmine cuttings. The highest number of leaves, branch and plant height at two months seedling age were found in treatment (C) 1 ml PGPR with 48.60 leaves, 5.80 branch and 22.90 cm plant height that significantly different from other treatments,. Treatment (D) 2 ml PGPR application increased the population of P solubilizing bacteria in rhizosphere from 2.59x104 cfu/g of soil at control to 5.05x105 cfu/g soil and fixing bacteria N (Azospirillium) 3x104 cfu/g soil to 1.41x105 cfu/g soil and Azotobacter to 1.2x 103 cfu/g soil.Key words : Jasmine, PGPR, cuttings, Ultiso
PENGARUH INOKULASI FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA (FMA) PLUS ORGANIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JAGUNG PADA ULTISOL
Get PDFMycorrhizal symbiosis increases nutrient uptake for plants, resistance to disease, stabilizes soil aggregates and promotes the growth of soil organisms. Fungal hyphae containing glomalin is essential for soil biological processes because of their interactions with plants, soils, and microbes. Activity of AMF in the area of rhizosphere and mycorizosphere will improve the physical, chemical and biological conditions of the soil, thereby providing a healthy soil environment for plants. How the influence of AMF inoculants plus organic ingredients on growth and production of maize on Ultisol needs to be tested in the field.  The purpose of this experiment is the application of AMF plus organic inoculants to corn planting, to determine the effect on growth and increase of corn production. Experiments using a randomized block design with four groups. The AMF inoculation treatment was the administration of organic plus inoculant from G. luteum (F1), G. verruculosum (F2), G. versiforme (F3), Multi species of AMF (F4) and without AMF inoculation (F0). The results showed that AMF inoculation had significant effect on total glomalin. G. versiforme has the highest total glomalin, which is 10.59 mg.g-1. The effect of AMF species had no significant effect on aggregate stability, but was significantly different from the treatment without AMF inoculation. The effect of AMF on N, P and K uptake is significantly different. The highest dry corn kiln production from G. versiforme, which is 8.07 kg / plot or 4.04 ton / ha, has the same effect as G. luteum (7.98 kg / plot or 3.99 ton / ha) and Multi AMF (7.67 kg / plot or 3.84 tons / ha). Increased production of dried corn plants inoculated with AMF plus organics can reach 40-83% higher than the plants without giving the AMF.Key words : mycorizosphere, productivity, rhizosphere, Ultiso
PERTUMBUHAN PADI GOGO DI MEDIUM ULTISOL DENGAN PEMBERIAN CAMPURAN FOSFAT ALAM DAN COCOPEAT PADA DUA KONDISI KADAR AIR
Get PDFThe main problem of upland rice cultivation in Ultisol are fixation of P, solubility and saturation of Al are the height and water content is low. The research aim to study the effect of interaction of application of mixture of cocopeat with rock phosphate (RP) on growth of upland rice in Ultisols medium at two water content condition. The research  was conducted at the Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, Pekanbaru from February to July 2017. This research in form factorial experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design. The first factor was mixture of RP with cocopeat consist of 7 levels (0, 30, 45 and 60 kg P2O5/ha each dose + cocopeat dose 10 tons/ha and 30, 45 and 60 kg P2O5/ha without cocopeat). The second factor was water content consists of 2 levels (field capacity and 25% under field capacity), each combination repeated 3 times. The results show the application of rock phosphate dose of 30 kg P2O5/ha + 10 tons cocopeat/ha or without cocopeat increased the growth of upland rice include plant high, number of maximum tiller and productive tiller and dry weight of straw compared to without RP both on the field capacity and 25% below field capacity condition, the increasing of RP dose to 45-60 kg P2O5/ha tended to increase each parameter.Key words : rock phosphate, water content, cocopeat, upland rice
EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN PERTANIAN PADA AREAL PENGGUNAAN LAIN UNTUK TANAMAN KOPI ARABIKA(Coffea arabica L.) DI KECAMATAN SALAK KABUPATEN PAK-PAK BHARAT
Get PDFBased on the Decree of the Minister of Forestry Number. 44 of 2005 on Appointment of Forest Areas in North Sumatra Province. The total area of forest in Pakpak Bharat Regency based on the decree is 120,711 ha (88.60% of the total of Pakpak Bharat Regency), with details 1) Natural Forest Reserve 4.36%, 2) Limited Production Forest 41.95%, 3) Protection Forest 34.61%, 4) Forest Production 7.68%. Subsequently, the Decree was revised with Decree No. Menhut. 579 / Menhut-II / 2014 in accordance with the proposed revision of forest area by Pakpak Bharat government. With the decree, the forest area released into Other Use Areas (APL) is only a small portion of the proposed area so that APL Land Use (Area of Other Use) in Salak Sub-district needs to be supported with information on land suitability of course very potential land to be utilized in activities cultivation of agriculture, with the hope that productivity can improve the welfare of local people who mostly work as farmers. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the characteristics of the APL land suitability level, to analyze improvement efforts to increase productivity, and to map actual land suitability and potential land suitability for coffee crops on APL land in Salak Subdistrict. The research method used survey method. Unit unit of land based on land map, slope slope map, altitude map, land cover map, and consists of 8 land units and 18 sampling points. Research data were analyzed using matching method. Research results Limiting factors and improvement efforts of plant commodities Coffee Plant (Coffea arabica L.) Rooting factor factor (rc) and nutrient retention (nr). Improvement efforts that can be done is making drainage and calcification CaCo3Key words : Land suitability, Coffee, District Sala
APLIKASI KOMPOS LIMBAH KULIT BUAH KAKAO DAN JARAK TANAM BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TERUBUK (Saccharum edule Hasskarl)
Get PDFCocoa fruit skin is a waste that can cause environmental problems around the plantation. One way to utilize the waste of cocoa fruit skin is made organic fertilizer. The use of different spacing will affect the large number of plant unity area and will indirectly affect the absorption of nutrients, water and other growth factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of composting of cocoa fruit skin waste on the growth of cropped plants (Saccharum edule Hasskarl) with different plant spacing. This field experiment was conducted from July to November 2016 with research location in Kecamatan Luwuk Banggai Regency. The experimental design used was factorial in randomized block design with 2 replications, then there were 18 treatment combinations. In this research the first factor of composition of cocoa fruit skin with cow dung consisting of 3 levels namely: P1 = 50 kg of compost: 10 kg of cow dung; P2 = 50 kg: 30 kg; P3 = 50 kg: 50. While the second factor are plant spacing consisting of 3 levels, namely: J1 = 100 cm X 150 cm; J2 = 100 cm X 100 cm; J3 = 100 cm X 50 cm. Based on the result obtained, It showed that the treatment of 50 kg of cocoa fruit skin compost with 50 kg of cow dung (P3) gave the best shoot effect on 5 weeks after planting (WAP) , to the best plant height that is P2 treatment on 3 (WAP), and the best leaf length is P2 treatment on 2 up to 4(WAP).Key words : Compost, Plant Spacing, Terubu
DYNAMICS OF SOIL ORGANIC CARBON FRACTIONS UNDER DIFFERENT LAND MANAGEMENT IN WET TROPICAL AREAS
Get PDFKarbon (C) organik tanah yang merupakan bagian utama dari bahan organik tanah mengalami penurunan sebagai akibat perubahan-perubahan penggunaan lahan dari kondisi alami menjadi lahan-lahan pertanian. Penurunan C organik tanah menjadi semakin besar karena masukan bahan organik yang rendah dan bila penurunan ini. berlangsung terus menerus  maka pada akhirnya menyebabkan degradasi tanah. Artikel ini membahas peranan, dekomposisi dan struktur dari bahan organik tanah dalam hubungannya dengan dinamika fraksi C organik tanah pada pengelolaan lahan yang berbeda di daerah tropis basah. Perubahan penggunaan dan pengelolaan lahan menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan C organik total dan fraksi-fraksi C organik labil dan stabil tanah. Beberapa penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa fraksi C organik labil seperti C organik partikulat lebih responsif terhadap perubahan-perubahan dari pengelolaan tanah dan merupakan suatu indikator yang sensitif dari kualitas tanah. Disamping itu fraksi C organik stabil seperti asam humat yang mengalami perubahan karena praktek-praktek  pengelolaan tanah dapat digunakan untuk menilai kapasitas potensial tanah sebagai penyimpan karbon. Perubahan-perubahan penggunaan lahan dan pengelolaan tanah mempunyai pengaruh negatif dan positif terhadap C organik total, fraksi C organik labil (C organik partikulat) dan fraksi C organik stabil (asam humat). Praktek-praktek pengelolaan yang dapat mempertahankan dan memperbaiki fraksi-fraksi C organik tanah  meliputi sistem agroforestri,  aplikasi pupuk organik, mulsa dan pengembalian sisa tanaman ke dalam tanah. Fraksi C organik partikulat dan asam humat menunjukkan perubahan-perubahan yang lebih besar dibandingkan C organik total akibat perubahan-perubahan penggunaan lahan dan praktek-praktek pengelolaan tanah di daerah tropis basah.Key words : Fraksi C organik, penggunaan lahan, tropis basa
PEMBERIAN AMELIORAN DAN ISOLAT BAKTERI FIKSASI NITROGEN NON SIMBIOTIK (FNNS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN SERAPAN N TANAMAN PADI GOGO (Oryza sativa L.) PADA MEDIUM ULTISOL
Get PDFThe need of rice as the staple food of the people of Indonesia has a deficit every year. Upland rice cultivation in dry land such as Ultisols became one of the alternatives to meeting the needs of rice. However, productivity of crop in Ultisols is low because of some problems of acidity and nutrients deficiency. It is necessary input such as ameliorants like biochar cocopeat of oil palm empty bunch compost (OPEBC) and the use of bacterial non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation (NSNF) to fix the problems. The research aims to study the effect of application of ameliorant and suspensions of bacterial isolates of NSNF on growth and N uptake by upland rice in Ultisols medium. The research was conducted at the Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, Pekanbaru from Mei to September 2017. The research in form factorial experiment was arranged a completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor were ameliorant, consists of six type (biochar, cocopeat, OPEBC, biochar+cocopeat, biochar+OPEBC, each doses 50 g polybag-1 and without ameliorant as a control). The second factor were suspensions of bacterial isolates of NSNF, consists of three levels (10 and 20 ml polybag-1 and without bacterial isolates as a control). The parameters observed were plant height, number of tillers, weight of dry shoot and roots, N uptake by shoot and roots. The results show that the application of ameliorant (biochar, cocopeat, OPEBC, biochar + cocopeat, biochar + OPEBC), each doses of 50 g polybag-1 and suspensions of bacterial isolates of NSNF doses of 0, 10 and 20 ml polybag-1 increased plant height, number of tillers, weight of dry shoot and N uptake by shoot compared to control and the application of without ameliorant with suspension of bacterial isolates of NSNF doses of 0, 10 and 20 ml polybag-1.Key words : biochar, cocopeat, palm oil empty bunch, upland rice, ultiso