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PENGELOLAAN BAHAN ORGANIK DENGAN SISTEM TANPA OLAH TANAH DAN KOMPOS LANSUNG DITEMPAT
Get PDFThe addition of the organic matter into a soil will improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil and the soil quality can be maintained. The organic matter application into agriculture field can be done directly at no tillage system farming or can be composted insitu. In the no tillage system weeds were controlled by herbicide. Application and insitu composting of the crop residual and weed were incorporated into the soil before maize planting. The results of the experiment showed that, the direct (insitu) composting system gave the higher yield of maize and more profitable than without application of organic matter. The utilization of organic matter in no tillage system and insitu composting were more advantageous because the organic matter were not processed such as compost, and cost as well as time was more efficient.
Keywords: No tillage system, insitu composting, maize, palm tree
EFISIENSI PEMUPUKAN P TANAMAN CABE PADA LAHAN INTENSIFIKASI YANG DIBERI BAHAN ORGANIK DENGAN TEKNIK P-32
Get PDFPhosphorous (P) is one of plant nutrient needed by plant in much amount as it is called as macro essential plant nutrient. This element, P, has complete problems. It is not only found in a small amount in soil compared to other nutrients, but it also has some problems in soil if it is there. At acid soils such as Ultisols, phosphorous is binded by aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe), while in basic soils it is held by calcium (ca) and magnesium (Mg). Therefore, both in acid soils or basic soils P is not available for plant growth. A research about P-fertilizer use efficiency for chilli (Capsicum annum) on intensification land which was added organic matter (OM) using P-32 technique was conducted in glasshouse and soil laboratory of Agricultural Faculty, and in laboratory of center for research utilizing nuclear science and technique (P3IN) Andalas University Limau Manis Padang from 1996 to 1997. The objective of this research was to measure P-fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) by chili on horticulture intensification area (on Andisols) as affected by organic matter. This research was designed as completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors those were TSP (consisting of 0, 25, and 50 kg P2O5/ha) and OM especially chicken manure (consisting of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 ton/ha) by 3 replications. The results showed that plant dry matter became higher by decreasing P-fertilizer added but was not significantly affected by manure. P-fertilizer (P-32) uptake by plants was not significantly affected by P-fertilizer and manure aapplication, therefore P-FUE decreased by increasing P-fertilizer added and tended to increase by increasing dosage of manure applied.
Key words: fixed-P, available-P, desorpted-P, FUE, P-32 techniqu
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TITONIA TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA ULTISOL DAN HASIL TANAMAN KEDELAI PADA MUSIM TANAM KE TIGA
Get PDFLast researches reported that Tithonia diversifolia (Mexican sunflower) could replace 25% to 50% of N and K of commercial fertilizer applied in  ginger and maize production on the first and second season planting time respectively in the Ultisols of West Sumatra.  A subsequent experiments were conducted to find out the the appropriate NK combination sources should be added on the third season to get high yield of soybean. The treatments were 8 combinations of NK-T. diversifolia + N + K commercial fertilizer for growing soybean such as A(0); B(0); C (25 kg NK+25 kg N+100 kg K); D (25 kg NK+ 25 kg N+100 kg K); E (50 kg NK+37,5 kg N+150 kg K); F(50 kg NK+37,5 kg N+150 kg K);  G(100kg N K+25 kg N+100 kg K); and H(100 kg NK+ 25 kg N+100 kg K).  The results showed that integrated use 25 kg NK from tithonia and 25kg N + 100kg K from commercial fertilizer (treatment C ) was an appropriate NK combination to get high yield of soybean (0,986 ton ha-1) on the third season in Ultisols, if on the first season ginger have been fertilized as 25% + 75% and on the second season maize have been fertilized as much 50% + 50% of NK from tithonia and NK from commercial fertilizer.Key Words :  Thitonia, Ultisol, green manur
PENGARUH PEMAKAIAN KSP DAN UNSUR MIKRO TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN DAN SERAPAN HARA P (Glycine Max (L) Merr) PADA HISTOSOL DAN ULTISOL
Get PDFThe experiment was carried out in greenhouse and in soil laboratory Faculty of Agriculture Andalas University, as well as in Bukittinggi soil laboratory since November 1999 until April 2000. Â The experiment was designed in Completely Randomized Design in a factorial with 3 replications. The treatments were the KSP dosage (with out KSP, 1500, 2500 and 3500 kg KSP/ha) and micro nutrient (with out micro nutrient, 30 PPM CII S0451120/ha, ;30 ppm Cu. S045H20/ha + 10 ppm ZnS047H20/ha and 30 PPM CU S04H20/ha + 10 ppm S0471120/ha + 0,5 ppm (NH4)6 M024 4H201ha. The results of the experiment showed that application of KSP and micro nutrient combination did not give significant effect on phosphorus available and phosphorus uptake by plants. Â Application of 2,5 tonnes KSP/ha without application of micronutrient gave the best result to increase soil pH (4,27), P potensial (451,72 ppm), and plan dry weight (16,689/pot)Â Key words: KSP, Histosol, Ultiso
PERANAN TIGA SUMBER MULSA TERHADAP BEBERAPA SIFAT FISIKA ULTISOL DAN HASIL JAGUNG SEMI (Zea mays L)â€
Get PDFA research about the role of three sources of mulch on soil physical properties of Ultisol and yield of baby corn was conducted on experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University and at soil laboratory of Andalas University and University of Jambi. Â The research was aimed to evaluate three mulch sources (paddy straw, coconut fibre, and used paper) on several soil physical properties of Ultisols and babby corn yield. The results showed that mulch applied did not affect babby corn yield and soil physical properties of Ultisol except on plant available water. Â In addition, paddy straw mulch gave better effect to soil physical properties of Ultisols and babby corn yield compared to the others.Key Words: Mulch, paddy straw, coconut fibre, used paper, Ultisol
efek Residu Pengapuran dan Pupuk Kandang Terhadap basa-basa dapat ditukarkan pada ultisol dan Hasil Kedelai
Get PDFThis research was aimed to study liming residual effect and manure to exchangeable bases at Ultisols and soybean yield. The research was conducted from March until July 2005 in the Experimental Station Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jambi. The experiment was in factorial design which was arranged within randomized block design (RBD). The treatment consisted 2 factors, the first was manure residue (b) : b0 = 0 ton/ha, b1 = 10 ton ton/ha, b2 = 20 ton/ha, the second factor was lime residue (c) : c0 = 0,0 x exch-Al, c1 = 1,0 x exch-Al, c2 = 2,0 x exch-Al. The result indicated that there was an interaction between manure and lime residue to exch-Ca and -Al, base saturation, and Al saturation. Meanwhile, prominent factor from manure residue could improve soybean yield.
Key Words: Al-saturation, Soybean yield, limin
DETERMINASI ENERGI POTENSIAL AIR TANAH ULTISOL LIMAU MANIS DENGAN METODA KOLOM AIR, KERTAS SARING, DAN TEKANAN UDARA
Get PDFWater content at several levels of soil water potential is important to determine soil water available for plant growth. Â Standard method used to analyse soil water potential is by using Pressure and membrane Plate Apparatus. Â Alternative methods can be used are by using Buchner Tunnel and Filter paper Methods. Â This research was aimed to compare the results of Buchner Tunnel and Filter paper Methods on Pressure method in determining soil water potential. Â The result showed that, from the two alternative methods tested, KA tanah determined by filter paper method gave results closer to the pressure method for Ultisol Limau Manis. Â Then, among three laboratoriums giving services on soil water potential determination by using Pressure plate apparatus, laboratorium of soil physics from Jambi University gave results which were more rational to the soil physical properties of Ultisol Limau Manis.Key Words: Soil water potential, plant available water, Buchner tunnel, filter paper, pressure plate apparatu
PENGARUH VARIETAS DAN SISTEM PERSIAPAN LAHAN PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG
Get PDFMaize productivity was affected by land preparation system, crop variety, and management. A field experiment was conducted in Guguk Lima Puluh Kota Regency during planting season 2002 (from July to November 2002). The experiment was designed in a split plot design with three replications. Two varieties of corn (Bisma and P10-hybrid) as a main plot and three methods of land preparation (no tillage, conventional tillage, and strip tillage) as a subplot. Objectives of the experiment were to find out a combination of better crop variety and land preparation methods on maize growth. The results of the experiment showed that maize P 10-hybrid gave the shorter plant height, the higher number of seeds /cob and yield. Bisma and P10-hybrid varieties gave yield 7.91 and 8.51 t/ha, respectively. Plant growth, yield components, and yield of maize had not been affected by land preparation methods. However, no tillage and strip tillage methods seemed to give higher yield (8.26 and 8.90 t/ha, respectively) and more efficient than conventional tillage.
Key Words: maize variety, no tillage, conventional tillage, and strip tillag
PERANAN BAHAN ORGANIK DALAM PEMBEBASAN P-TERIKAT PADA TANAH ANDISOL
Get PDFA research about organic matter role on P desorption in Andisol was conducted in soil laboratory of Agricultural Faculty, Andalas University Limau Manis Padang. The objective of this research was to find out the ability of organic matter to change retained- or fixed-P into available-P in Andisols. This research was designed as completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 levels of chicken manure consisting of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 ton/ha by 3 replications. Based on laboratory analysis, the soil (Andisols) had pH 5.65, OC 2.33%, N-total 0.26%, available-P 56.94 ppm, and potential-P 60.38 mg/100 g soil. While chicken manure had OC 21.45%, total-N 5.60%, total-P 33.19 mg/100g and C/N ratio 3.83. The results showed that desorpted-P increased by increasing amount of chicken manure applied.
Key words: fixed-P, available-P, desorpted-
KAJIAN LAJU INFILTRASI DALAM HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PERGERAKAN BAHAN LIAT PENYUSUN TUBUH TANAH BERBAHAN INDUK BATU LIAT DAN PASIR
Get PDFA research about movement of clay materials of soil body compiler through mechanism infiltrate and soils permeability have been conducted. The Result of research show happened movement of clay materials of soil body compiler both of soil parent materials. The maximum rate of infiltration at the soil derived from parent materials of Clay stone reach 8,79 cm / hour and downhill at deepness 52 cm ( BW1 horizon ) with speed 1,71 cm / hour. Referring to that seen rate of infiltration to cause happened movement of clay materials with tendency increase from 33 % at A horizon, increased of become 44 % at Bw1 horizon. While at the soil derived from parent materials of Sand stone that its maximum rate of infiltration reach 8,59 cm / hour and downhill at deepness 145 cm and show the increasing of clays content according to deepness of horizon and soil at Ap horison have 22% of clay and increased of become 50 % at horison 2Bt2 .
Key Words : Pergerakan bahan tanah, mekanisme infiltrasi, dan bahan induk tana