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    Non-Invasive detection of structural features and potential gold mineralization zones in Northwestern Rijau environ of Zuru schist Belt, Nigeria

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    Non-invasive geophysical methods (aeromagnetic and aeroradiometric methods) have been employed to investigate the subsurface of Northwestern Rijau in the northernwestern part of Nigeria with the aim of addressing the need for a structural map that could guide in-situ gold exploration activities in the area. The aeromagnetic data was processed to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of the data and subjected to source edge detection techniques for structural interpretation. The aeroradiometric data were used to produce ternary image and potassium-to-thorium ratio map for detection of potential alteration zones associated with gold mineralization. The structural map derived showed predominantly trending NE-SW geological structures and indicates polyphase crustal deformations in the study area. The result also showed high prospectivity zones for gold exploration. These zones are intersected by geological structures, indicating structurally controlled mineralisation and suggesting the likelihood of gold depositions along or near these structural features. Nearly all the known gold occurrence locations in the study area coincides with the interpreted prospective zones, validating the significance of non-invasive geophysical methods in mineral exploration. The geological structures in the identified high prospectivity zones were recommended as targets for in-situ investigations and other gold propecting activities in the study area

    MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY AND ITS DETERMINANTS AMONG ARTISANAL FISH FARMERS IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA

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    This study investigates the poverty status of artisanal fish farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria, using the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). Data were collected from 150 respondents through a two-stage sampling technique and analyzed using descriptive statistics, the MPI, and logit regression. The findings revealed a Multidimensional Headcount Ratio (H) of 0.63, indicating that 63% of the households are multidimensionally poor. The primary contributors to poverty include deprivation in living standards (48.15%), health (29.63%), and education (22.22%). Logit regression analysis identified household size, age, annual income, credit access, and extension services access as major drivers of poverty among the artisanal fish farmers' households. The results underscore the need for targeted policy interventions that improve living conditions, healthcare access, educational opportunities, and financial support mechanisms to alleviate poverty among artisanal fish farmers

    Extension agents’ attitudes and participation in disseminating climate-smart agricultural practices in North-Central, Nigeria

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    Low uptake of Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices (CSAPs) continues to exacerbate food insecurity and vulnerability in regions already burdened by poverty. CSAPs refer to agricultural methods that enhance productivity, climate resilience, and environmental sustainability. The effectiveness of extension agents is critical in promoting these practices, and their inefficiency can significantly weaken community resilience against hunger and environmental shocks. This study investigates the attitudes and participation of agricultural extension agents in disseminating CSAPs among rice farmers in North Central Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 88 extension agents. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using means, percentages, PPMC, and ordered probit regression. Results show that more than half of the extension agents (52.3%) exhibited unfavorable attitudes towards CSAPs, while 58% moderately participated in their dissemination. Participation was particularly low for water-smart mechanism such as index-based weather insurance ( ¯ x = 0.00 ), water harvesting ( ¯ x = 0.92), drip irrigation ( ¯ x = 0.73), as well as crop-smart mechanism like integrated pest management ( ¯ x = 0.62). among rice farmers. Training significantly influenced their attitudes (p = 0.011), age (p = 0.043), marital status (p = 0.028), household size (p = 0.026), occupation (p = 0.036), years of experience (p = 0.004), number of trainings (p = 0.035), and attitude (p = 0.000) significantly determined their participation levels. The study recommends targeted training and capacity-building initiatives to strengthen extension agents’ attitudes and participation in disseminating CSAPs. Such efforts are essential for strengthening climate resilience, enhancing food security, and promoting dietary diversity through the adoption of sustainable farming systems

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