Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands
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The Activity of Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) at Plantation Forest in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, South Sumatera
No full textLong-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is a quite adaptive animal so it could be found in a diverse range of habitat types, one of the habitats is Plantation Forest on peatlands. This study aims to obtain the information about the activity of long-tailed macaque related to habitat utilization at Plantation The operational activities in the Plantation Forest can affect the activities of long-tailed macaque, changing of food sources, and they have a potential to attack the Acacia plants, so it’s necessary to do research about the activity of long-tailed macaque related to the habitat utilization at Plantation Forest and to acknowledge the types of plants used by long-tailed macaque for food and shelter. This research is a descriptive study and the data are obtained through a focal animal sampling method in April and May 2019 at the Plantation Forest in Sungai Penyabungan District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. The focal animal sampling method used at 7.00-17.00 WIB with using interval of 10 minutes. Based on the study, the long-tailed macaque used the active time to feed (24.60%), rest (25.58%), move (27.92%), and social activities (21.89%) included vocalization, agonistic, and grooming. The vegetation parts consumed by the long-tailed macaque are leaves (42.30%), fruits (34.62%), and flowers (23.08%). The vegetation used as food is Acacia crassicarpa, Melaleuca cajuputi, and Melastoma malabathricum. The plant that’s most often used as food and shelter is Acacia crassicarpa
Improving Drought Tolerance in Chili Pepper by the Application of Local Microorganisms (LMo)
No full texthis study aimed at determining the effect of spraying intervals of local microorganism (MoL) golden apple snails on the improvement of drought tolerance of chili grown under limited water availability. The trial was carried out at greenhouse and Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jambi for 6 months. The study used a Randomized Block Design with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was the chili cultivar consisted of Vitra, Lado and Laris. While the second factor was the spraying interval of MoL golden apple snail consisted of 100% field capacity of soil water without MoL application, 75% field capacity of soil water and spraying intervals once a week, and 75% field capacity of soil water and spraying intervals every two weeks. The results showed that spraying MoL golden apple snail at intervals of either once in 1 or 2 weeks could increase tolerance to drought stress in three chili cutivars grown under 75% field capacity of soil water. Plant growth and yield at 75% field capacity of soil water was the same as that of plants grown under optimum conditions (100 % field capacity of soil water), MoL spray on the cv. Vitra could increase fruit weight per plant by up to 32% over fruit weight of those plants grown under optimum conditions
The Effect of Goat Biourin Liquid Fertilizer with Banana Hump Decomposer on Chemical Properties Ultisol
No full textUltisols include soils that have very low nutrients, these contents can quickly soil acidity is high, and poor macro nutrient content. Therefore, researchers are making efforts so that ultisols can increase the availability of soil nutrients. The effort is to fertilize using liquid organic fertilizer goat biourin with banana hump decomposer. Liquid organic fertilizer has many advantages, namely the ease of application to soil and plants, which is all you have to do is apply it. This research was conducted in the Greenhouse of the Department of Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of goat Biourin liquid fertilizer on pH, C/N ratio and N-total in Ultisol and to determine the effect of the best dose of goat Biourin liquid fertilizer on pH, C/N ratio and N-total in Ultisol.The raw material for liquid organic fertilizer from goat biourine is goat urine, while the composted material is banana hump. This study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment consisted of the ratio of biourine to water, namely: A (control), B (1:1), C (1:2), and D (1:3). Parameters observed and measured in the study were C/N Ratio, Total N, and soil pH. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the type and dosage of goat Biourin liquid fertilizer could increase soil pH, N-total and C/N ratio
Response of Red Chili (Capsicum anuuum L.) to Humic Acid Application in Dryland
No full textRed chili cultivation in dry land in an effort to increase production and productivity is constrained by the limited availability of water. The application of humic acid increases the ability of soils to retain restricted water and enhances plant growth and yield. This study aimed to investigate the response of red chili grown in dry land to the application of humic acid. Research place at the Teaching and Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Jambi University. A Randomized Block Design with 5 replications was used in this study. The treated humic acid dose is 0 ton/ha, 2.5 ton/ha, 5 ton/ha, 7.5 ton/ha, and 10 ton/ha. Red chili gave a positive response to the application of humic acid by increasing plant height, number of branches, fruit number, and fruit weight. The dose of humic acid that gave the highest yield of 6.6 ton/ha was 5 ton/ha. This study was only able to provide a yield of 44.06% when compared to the potential yield of red chili
The Application of Chicken Manure and NPK Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Shallot Plant in Tidal Land of Banyuasin Regency
No full textThe aim of the study was to obtain proper technique for cultivating shallots of Bima Brebes variety through the use of chicken manure and NPK fertilizer on tidal land. The research was located on tidal land in Sukatani Village, Tanjung Lago District, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province, located at a position of 1.30° – 4.0° South Latitude and 104° 00' – 105° 35' East Longitude. The study used a randomized block design with one treatment factor and three replicates. The treatment was the dose of organic chicken manure with 5 levels, namely P0 = no chicken manure; P1 = 10 tons of manure per hectare; P2 = 15 tons of manure per hectare; P3 = 20 tons of manure per hectare; P4 = 25 tons of manure manure per hectare. Each treatment was mixed with NPK fertilizer at a dose of 200 kg NPK ha-1 (M). Data analysis was carried out by analysis of variance using F test and least significance difference (LSD) test. The variables observed were leaf length, leaf number, plant dry weight, specific leaf area, specific leaf weight, root-shoot ratio, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, bulb fresh weight, bulb number, bulb diameter, bulb dry weight, and percentage of bulb shrinkage. The results showed that the use of chicken manure 10 tons/ha and 200 kg NPK/ha affected the growth of shallots on leaf length, root-shoot ratio, relative growth rate, bulb fresh weight and bulb dry weight. It was then concluded that it can increase the growth and yield of shallots of Bima Brebes variety on tidal land
Main and Ratooned Rice Pest Populations in Lowland Rice Fields, South Sumatra Applied Bioinsecticide from Entomopathogens
No full textThe pests that attack each plant phase also varies. The aimed of this study was to compare the main population of rice insect pests and ratooned in lowland rice field in the vegetative, flowering and milk ripening phase. The main bioinsecticide rice sprayed on rice canopy were comes from the entomopathogenic fungal conidia Metarhizium anisopliae, the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, and as a control area without the application of bioinsecticide or synthetic insecticide. The results showed that population of fake white pests (Cnaphalocrosis medinalis) and white leafhoppers pest (Covana spectra) were more prevalent in vegetative phase rice compared to other types of pests such as green leafhoppers (Nephotettix spp.), Brown leafhoppers (Nilaparvata lugens), zig zag leafhoppers. (Recillia dorsalis), white-back leafhoppers (Sogatella furcifera), grasshoppers, mole cricket (Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa), and yellow rice stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas). The Leptocorisa acuta and green ladybugs (Nezara viridula) began to attack the flowering and milk ripening phase, which was when the rice was aged about 54-68 days after transplanting (dat). Whereas in ratooned rice, the pest population of L. acuta has appeared on the first observation on rice aged 9 days after harvest (dah) until the ratooned rice was aged 58 days after harvesting. The population of pests was higher in land without bioinsecticide application compared to land applied of bioinsecticides. In ratooned rice, the pest population between the land applied with bioinsecticide M. anisopliae and B. thuringiensis was not significantly different from the land applied by B. thuringiensis which was sold in the market
Cultivation and Farming Analysis of Red Chili Intercropping with Celery
No full textIntercropping is an alternative that should be developed especially to make maximum use of the land. Aromatic plants such as celery contain essential oils which, among other things, act as pest repellents. Therefore, celery plants can be used as a way of controlling pests by intercropping with chili plants as the main crop. This study aimed to determine the cultivation technology and analysis of the intercropping farming of red chilies with celery at the farmer level. The research was conducted at the Mekar Sari Farmer Group, Paal Merah Village, Paal Merah District, Jambi City, Jambi Province in October 2018. The data collected included primary data in the form of information from farmers as well as secondary data and conditions of the research area, social and economic potential. Primary data were collected using survey techniques, namely interviews with farmers and key information using a questionnaire. Samples were randomly assigned to a population of 15 farmer cooperator farmers who were intercropping red chili and celery at the study site. The data analysis technique included tabulation analysis which was used to understand the farmers' financial farming conditions, and the economic feasibility analysis uses the R/C ratio. The results of the research on the intercropping of red chili and celery, without considering the labor costs in the family, showed that this business was profitable with a total profit of 20,553,500,-IDR This farming has benefited from the production of celery as much as 405 kg, production of red chilies as much as 585 kg, and BEP prices of 15,495,-IDR/kg of celery and 14,143,-IDR/kg of red chilies. The R/C ratio value of 2
The Main Disease and its Attacks in the Generative Phase of Maize (Zea Mays L) in the Freshwater Swamps of South Sumatra
No full textIn South Sumatra, the freshwater swamps is 157,846 hectares, with this wide freshwater swamps, it can be used for crops food cultivation, one of which is maize. The purpose of this study was to provide information on the identification and attack of maize disease in freshwater swamps of South Sumatra. The research method was purposive sampling. The results of the study identification that the symptoms of maize leaf rust attack, seen from the physiology of maize leaves, were the lumps or pustules of orange color such as rust and the symptoms of maize leaf blight seen from the physiology of maize leaves, were small oval brownish lines like burning leaves. The leaf rust disease had an attack rate of 90% and the maize leaf blight reached 98%. Based on the results of this study, the main disease of maize attacking in the generative phase was the leaf rust (Puccinia polysora) and maize leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis)
Effectivity of Bacillus thuringiensis from Soil in Freshwater Swamps against Epilachna sp. Larvae
No full textBacillus thuringiensis is an entomopathogenic bacterium isolated from the soil and has been widely used as an active ingredient in the manufacture of bioinsecticides. The target insects are very specific and depend on the type of protein content. Epilachna sp. are important insect pests because both larvae and adults as plant-eating pests. The research aimed was to investigate the effectivity of B. thuringiensis against the larvae of Epilachna sp.. B. thuringiensis- bio-insecticide was prepared using isolates originally from freshwater swamp soil of South Sumatra (SMR04). Epilachna sp larvae were mass-reared with Solanum torvum leaf feed in the laboratory. The design used was a completely randomized design, with 6 treatments and 5 replications. Treatments were spore concentration contained in the bioinsecticide solution included: 1 x 108, 1 x 107, 1 x 106, 1 x 105 spores/mL, commercial bio-insecticide and without treatment as a control. Each replication used 10 individual of the 2nd larvae. Statistical test results showed larval mortality in B. thuringiensis treatment was significantly different from commercial bio-insecticide treatment. The highest mortality of bio-insecticide treatment occurred at a concentration of 108 spores/ml (40.00 %) and the lowest was at a concentration of 105 spores/mL (18.01 %). The lowest LT50 value of bio-insecticide treatment was at a concentration of 108 spores/mL, namely 79.37 hours. The control of larvae included in the Coleoptera order was still not satisfactory yet, considering the presence of protein content in B. thuringiensis strain SMR04 which did not match the type of protein required
Performance of New Superior Variety of Rice and its Feasibility in Rainfed Rice Lowland of South Sumatra
No full textRainfed lowland has great potential to produce rice in South Sumatra Province. Rice cultivation in such marginal lowland needs technological innovation for sustainable use. This study aimed to analyze the crop performance and farming feasibility of a New Superior Variety (VUB) in rainfed rice cultivation. The study was carried out on 2019/2020 in Tugu Jaya Village, Lempuing District, OKI Regency. It was implemented in a demonstration plot of rice cultivation covering 2 hectares, using Inpari 30 and 43 varieties. The plant spacing was in accordance with 2:1 “jajar legowo” planting system. This was compared to the tile planting system outside the demonstration plot using IR 42 variety, which was planted by the local farmers. The results of observations of plants’ performance one day before harvest showed that the tallest plant was IR 42 (109.1 cm), the most tillers were from Inpari 43 (19.7 tillers), the longest panicle was of IR 42 (25.1 cm) and the highest harvested crop grain production was from Inpari 30 (6.8 tonnes/ha). In terms of business feasibility, judging from the resulting production and financial indicators, all three varieties were suitable for planting in rainfed lowland. Furthermore, of the three varieties, Inpari 30 on MH 2019/2020 was the most feasible, with a break-even price (BEPr) of Rp. 3,983 per kg; break-even production (BEP) of 1,568 kg per hectare; revenue cost ratio (R/C) of 2.39 and Marginal Benefit-Cost Ratio (MBCR) of 6.96