Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands
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Suboptimal Land Analysis of Agricultural Fishery Resources (Chitosan-Liquid Smoke Cocos nucifera) as Natural Food Preservatives
No full textOne of the suboptimal land resources is shrimp and coconut. Increasing productivity on suboptimal land is essential by utilizing typical land. A concern arises with the use of waste as a preservative. The necessity to replace preservatives made from chemical raw materials with natural alternatives is evident. The research aimed to determine and optimize the antioxidant properties of chitosan combined with liquid smoke from coconut shells (Cocos nucifera) as a natural food preservative. The study utilized a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments repeated three times. The treatments consisted of different concentrations. The results indicated that varying concentrations of Cocos nucifera liquid smoke combined with sterilized glucose and chitosan had a significant effect on antioxidant analysis and the Maillard reaction. Higher concentrations of liquid smoke resulted in increased browning, likely due to the Maillard reaction occurring when glucose and chitosan were mixed with liquid smoke and then sterilized using an autoclave. This condition was expected to be favorable as it involves a reaction between free amino acids in chitosan and reducing sugar compounds from glucose. Additionally, aldehyde ketone compounds are found in Cocos nucifera coconut shell liquid smoke. Finally, the optimal concentration for antioxidant activity was treatment A2 (total concentration of 1% chitosan + 1% glucose + 3% coconut shell liquid smoke) with an IC50 value of 6.69% and a brown absorbance of 0.45%
Using the kriging method to establish a spatially reliable interpolator for peat depth variability
No full textPeatlands (according to the Governmental Regulation nr 71/2014) can be utilized for agriculture and plantation if the peat depths are less than 3 m or more than 3 m, peatlands have to be conserved or restored. Determining peat depths can be conducted in the fields by intensive surveys which were so expensive, inefficient, and ineffective, therefore it was essential to find our simple alternative methods how to measure peat depths easily. The research aimed to establish a spatially reliable interpolator for peat depth variability by utilizing the kriging method. The research was conducted in Seponjen Village, Kumpeh, Muaro Jambi, Jambi Indonesia. Primary data were processed by applying ArcGIS 10.3 software. The interpolated dataset of peat depths validated their actual dataset and performed an excellent relationship (indicated by a positive correlation coefficient, r = 0.920) and a coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.847). It indicated that the interpolated dataset could be utilized to make maps by kriging. The very deep peat (Site A) and the deep peat (Site B) showed a tendency for a strong autocorrelation of the data distribution of peat depths. Autocorrelation tended to be anisotropic towards the river on the shallow peat (Site C). A good interpolator of peat depth variability can be generated using the kriging method
Performance of intercropping corn on manure oil palm plantations on dry land
No full textThe intercroping area (IC) is around 0.5 ha from one hectare of mature oil palm (YH). The research aimed to observe the growth and yield of corn from the Bisi 16 variety in oil palm plantations from the SJ 5 variety and the effect of corn as IC on oil palm. The research location was in Mesuji Raya Sub-district, Ogan Komering Ilir, South Sumatra, from April 2024 to July 2024. The interspace number of oil palm of 1 ha were 12 and it was six interspaces as the object research was as frond staking. The research method used was non-experimental. Each of front staking had two sample plots of corn (3×3 m), and samples selected for each plot were 15 crops. For oil palm (8×8×8 m) two samples of crops were beside the corn plot. The total of oil palm samples was 24 crops from oil palm IC, and compared to 24 crops from monoculture. The research results showed that the growth of IC corn was lower for plant height (16%), and the reduction in corn yield (26%) from one ha compared to the description. The total yield from corn IC was approximately 2.09 tons of corn shells, which were lower from monoculture description. The growth and yield of oil palm IC were better than monoculture, with an increase a number of fruit bunches (9%) and FFB weight (11%). Corn is an intercrop/polyculture crop in oil palm plantations after one or two years of production
Cadmium in the roots and leaves of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) at PTPN 7 Pagar Alam unit, South Sumatra, Indonesia
No full textThe excessive and intensive application of chemical fertilizers can increase the concentration of heavy metals in the soil. This study aimed to determine Cd deposition in tea roots and leaves using the Detailed Survey method, with sampling points determined using the stratified sampling method, which involves dividing the samples into several age ranges for the plants. The average concentration of Cd in the roots was 0.015 ± 0.004 mg/kg, while in the tea leaves it was 0.010 ± 0.003 mg/kg. The absorption of Cd in tea plant leaves shows the lowest average absorption rate in samples aged 15–25 years, particularly in plants that were 1 year old after production pruning, at 0.005 mg per plant. However, its content remains well below the maximum threshold of cadmium in tea, which was set at 1.0 mg/kg. The age of the plants does not substantially affect the accumulation of Cd in tea leaves; however, tea pruning does affect the accumulation of Cd in the leaves. The research findings indicate that the concentration of Cd in the roots and leaves of tea plants was very low, far below the established Cd threshold, influenced by regular pruning, which results in minimal Cd absorption in the tea leaves. Leaves were considered safe for consumption by humans and animals. Data on the levels of Cd in tea roots and leaves are still rarely found, so it was recommended to further investigate Cd in tea roots and leaves
Can Rice Farming through the National Strategy Food Estate Increase Regional Production?
No full textFood estate is a large-scale food development program that is carried out in an integrated manner. This includes agriculture, plantations and livestock within an area. This research aims to (1) analyze the production factors of lowland rice farming as an effort to increase rice production in the national food estate strategy program in Central Kalimantan; (2) analyze the technical efficiency of lowland rice farming in an effort to increase rice production in the national food estate strategy program in Central Kalimantan. This research was carried out at the Siam Village Food Estate (COE). The sampling method used a random sampling method with a total sample of 89 people. The analysis method uses Cobb-Douglas production function analysis and Frontier Stochastic technical efficiency analysis. Research results: (1) land (X1), seeds (X2), lime (X3), and fertilizer (X4) have a significant effect (α<0.05) on lowland rice production results in the Balanti Siam village food estate, while pesticides (X5), labor (X6), machinery (X7), planting system dummy (D1), and planting pattern dummy (D2) do not have a significant effect on lowland rice production results on food aesthetic land in Balanti Siam village; (2) Farmers in Balanti Siam village are classified as technically efficient with an average technical efficiency of 96.5% (cut-off > 0.70), while individually there are 88 farmers who are classified as technically efficient. The production factors used in rice farming play an important role in production results. By using production factors efficiently, this can increase maximum rice production yields
Effectiveness of Biochar application on the growth of red chili plants during the vegetative stage under waterlogging
No full textThe riparian wetland offers potential for horticultural crop cultivation, such as chili peppers. It is important to consider cultivation techniques and the use of organic matter to improve soil properties, particularly to combat waterlogging during the rainy season. This study aimed to assess the impact of biochar application on the growth of chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) during the vegetative stage under waterlogging conditions. This research was conducted at the experimental land of the Agrotechnology Department, Faculty of Plant and Animal Sciences, Universitas Bina Insan from December 2022 to February 2023. This research employed a complete randomized design (RAL) factorial with two factors. The first factor involved waterlogging stress, including control (C) and waterlogging stress (W). The second factor (N) encompassed the application of biochar, namely without biochar (N0), rice husk biochar (N1) and coconut shell biochar (N2) at a dose of 200 g plant-1. The results showed that waterlogging conditions (W) and biochar application (N) showed significantly different results in shoot length, root length, number of leaves, and total dry weight of chili plants, while the interaction (WxN) showed significantly different in shoot length and root length of plants. Treatment without biochar (N0) in waterlogging conditions actually showed shoot length, root length, number of leaves and total dry weight of plants that were significantly higher than treatment coconut shell biochar (N1) and rice husk applications (N2)
Population and attacks of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on corn inoculated with endophytic entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatra, Indonesia
No full textSpodoptera frugiperda damage in South Sumatra reached 100%. Biological control of S. frugiperda using entomopathogenic fungi has been widely practiced. This study aimed to determine S. frugiperda larval abundance and infestation in maize inoculated with endophytic entomopathogenic fungi. The three fungal isolates used in the current study consisted of one species of Beauveria bassiana (isolate code: JgSPK), one species of Penicillium citrinum (isolate code: JaTpOi (2)) and one species of Metarhizium anisopliae (isolate code: CaTpPga). Egg and larval, incidence and severity of S. frugiferda infestation were observed. All endophytic entomopathogenic fungal isolates could siginifcantly decrease the incidence and severity caused by S. frugiperda larvae. Corn seeds treated with endophytic entomopathogenic fungi did not affect the population of eggs and larvae. Fluctuations of the egg and larval population tended to be influenced by corn age. 
Strategy for improving sugar palm agroindustry institutions in South Tapanuli
No full textOne of the palm oil derivative products that has the potential to grow in southern Tapanuli was the processing of sap or brown sugar which has been produced by palm trees through rural industrialization using palm sugar processing technology. In developing palm oil farming in South Tapanuli, it was important to prepare institutions through science and technology with structural equation models. The objective of this research was to develop an agro-industry development strategy to improve the institution of palm trees. This research was observation respondents totaling 112 brown sugar producers. The result was to produce a statement through the perceptions of sugar palm farmers in Tapanuli, that sugar palm farmers in Tapanuli support the role of women in managing palm agro-industry institutions and agree that women will be able to take a role in resolving conflicts in sugar palm agro-industry institutions. Sugar palm farmers in Tapsel agree that there will be many differences of opinion from people who will manage the sugar palm agro-industry and differences of opinion will affect the existence of the sugar palm agro-industry in Tapanuli Selatan
The role of superior varieties in increasing rice productivity on tidal lands in South Sumatra
No full textThe development of tidal land as agricultural land is one opportunity to meet food needs. The study aimed to determine the contribution of superior varieties in increasing tidal rice productivity in South Sumatra. The research was conducted in Banyuasin Regency in 2021 using survey and interview methods. The number of sub-districts where sampling was taken was 9 sub-districts which are representative of low tide land. The data collected in this research were the results of harvested dry grain (tiles), the varieties used, the type and dose of fertilizer used, planting methods and cropping index. Apart from primary, secondary data was also collected as supporting data in the form of land area for each region and climatic conditions. The data taken was tabulated and analyzed descriptively. The research results show that the productivity level of superior rice varieties is higher than the district average productivity. Increasing productivity by applying superior varieties reaches 1.5 t/ha
The impact of government purchase price policy of rice for producers and consumers in Indonesia
No full textOne of the rice policies was the government purchase price policy which was the price in grain or rice purchases by the Government at producer level to be stable become government rice reserves. The point of this research was to define the impact of the government purchase price policy of rice for producers and consumers. This research was conducted using qualitative analysis with descriptives based on tabulations of secondary data. Results of the research showed that government purchase price was part of the government's efforts to protect the basic price of grain and rice at the farm level thus creating affordable input prices and providing economic added value to farmers. The study found that an improvement in government purchase price by 18-20% could increase the price of grain and rice from March to August 2023. The total percentage change in prices from March to August 2023 for dry harvested grain was 10.3%, dry milled grain was 10.8%, premium rice was 0.6%, medium rice was 3.2% respectively. Meanwhile, the impact on consumers of this policy was the occurrence of inflation of 0.41% which caused rice prices to increase. The government should evaluate the Government Purchasing Price (GPP) gradually every year