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Towards 3d surrogate model of flow in stirred tank reactors using physics-informed neural networks
No full textDie zerebelläre Einzelpuls-TMS beeinflusst die frühe und späte Fehlerverarbeitung beim Verstärkungslernen unterschiedlich
No full textOne side effect: two networks? Lateral and posteromedial stimulation spreads induce dysarthria in subthalamic deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease
No full textAbstractBackground Stimulation-induced dysarthria (SID) is a troublesome and potentially therapy-limiting side effect of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). To date, the origin of SID, and especially whether there is an involvement of cerebellar pathways as well as the pyramidal tract, remains a matter of debate. Therefore, this study aims to shed light on structural networks associated with SID and to derive a data-driven model to predict SID in patients with PD and STN-DBS.Methods Randomised, double-blinded monopolar reviews determining SID thresholds were conducted in 25 patients with PD and STN-DBS. A fibre-based mapping approach, implementing the calculation of fibr-wise ORs for SID, was employed to identify the distributional pattern of SID in the STN’s vicinity. The ability of the data-driven model to classify stimulation volumes as ‘causing SID’ or ‘not causing SID’ was validated by calculating receiver operating characteristics (ROC) in an independent out-of-sample cohort comprising 14 patients with PD and STN-DBS.Results Local fibre-based stimulation maps showed an involvement of fibres running lateral and posteromedial to the STN in the pathogenesis of SID, independent of the investigated hemisphere. ROC analysis in the independent out-of-sample cohort resulted in a good fit of the data-driven model for both hemispheres (area under the curve (AUC)left=0.88, AUCright=0.88).Conclusions This study reveals an involvement of both, cerebello-thalamic fibres, as well as the pyramidal tract, in the pathogenesis of SID in STN-DBS. The results may impact future postoperative programming strategies to avoid SID in patients with PD and STN-DB
A Mechanical Model for Carbon Paper Gas Diffusion Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Including Fiber and Binder Failure
No full textResolution of physics and deep learning-based protein engineering filters: A case study with a lipase for industrial substrate hydrolysis
No full textRepetitive magnetic stimulation with iTBS600 induces persistent structuraland functional plasticity in mouse organotypic slice cultures
No full textBackground:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is well known for its ability to induce synaptic plasticity, yet its impact on structural and functional remodeling within stimulated networks remains unclear. This study investigates the cellular and network-level mechanisms of rTMS-induced plasticity using a clinically approved 600-pulse intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS600) protocol applied to mouse organotypic brain tissue cultures.Methods:We applied iTBS600 to entorhino-hippocampal organotypic tissue cultures and conducted a 24-hour analysis using c-Fos immunostaining, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, time-lapse imaging of dendritic spines, and calcium imaging.Results:We observed long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory synapses in dentate granule cells, characterized by increased mEPSC frequencies and spine remodeling over time. c-Fos expression in the dentate gyrus was transient and exhibited a clear sensitivity to the orientation of the induced electric field, suggesting a direction-dependent induction of plasticity. Structural remodeling of dendritic spines was temporally linked to enhanced synaptic strength, while spontaneous calcium activity remained stable during the early phase in the dentate gyrus, indicating the engagement of homeostatic mechanisms. Despite the widespread electric field generated by rTMS, its effects were spatially and temporally precise, driving Hebbian plasticity and region-specific spine dynamics.Conclusions:These findings provide mechanistic insights into how rTMS-induced LTP promotes targeted plasticity while preserving network stability. Understanding these interactions may help refine stimulation protocols to optimize therapeutic outcomes
Facilitating Service Development: The Role of Service Stewards in Base4NFDI
No full textBase4NFDI was founded in March 2023 and is the joint initiative of all 26 NFDI consortia. The goal is to establish and foster interdisciplinary basic services for the whole NFDI-wide community. To ensure a smooth interplay and exchange of information between Base4NFDI and the basic service teams, a new role was established: the Service Stewards (SERs) [1]. This role is essential in connecting the social and technical aspects of service development, acting as a 'critical glue' that facilitates communication and collaboration[2]. Service Stewards are one of the main pillars of Base4NFDI, offering vital support to research data management (RDM) services under development, from their early stages through to the ramp-up stage [3]. Our goal is to bridge the gap between the supporting Base4NFDI staff, the service developer teams, and the NFDI consortia, ensuring that services are not only aligned with the needs of the NFDI community but also developed with a strong focus on quality and compliance. At Base4NFDI, we have a dedicated team of seven Service Stewards [3], each focused on specific areas crucial to service development. We work closely with the service teams and consortia, offering practical guidance and support throughout the development process. Together, we ensure services are shaped by real needs and requirements, fully equipped to meet NFDI demands and support researchers in their RDM challenges. Key areas we focus on: 1. Coordination and Communication: We facilitate seamless information exchange and collaboration between basic services and NFDI consortia, ensuring that all stakeholders remain informed and aligned throughout the service development lifecycle. 2. Legal and Compliance Support: Navigating data protection and compliance can be complex. We provide expert legal guidance to ensure services meet all relevant regulations. This minimizes risks and supports long-term sustainability. 3. Networking and Stakeholder Engagement: We connect service teams with key stakeholders across the NFDI ecosystem, fostering collaboration, knowledge-sharing, and innovation. These connections help services evolve to meet the needs of NFDI and the broader research community. 4. Feedback and Quality Assurance: We gather insights from consortia and end users to help service teams continuously improve services. This feedback loop ensures that services remain relevant and effective, aligned with the scientific community's needs. 5. Promotion and Outreach: We raise awareness of Base4NFDI services by participating in conferences and outreach activities to make our services well-known and accessible to researchers and institutions across Germany and beyond. Ultimately, the goal of our efforts as Service Stewards is to support the creation of reliable, essential basic services that are vital to the NFDI and the broader scientific community. By doing so, we aim to reduce fragmentation in the development of RDM services and strive to provide researchers across Germany with solutions designed to meet their needs, comply with local regulations, and support long-term sustainability. Through our support, we contribute to building basic services for RDM that are robust and aligned with the evolving demands of the national and international research landscape
